Orange (colour)
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The color orange occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum at a wavelength of about 585–620 nm. It is a pure chroma in the color theory, with a hue of 30° in HSV color space. The complementary color of orange is azure. With pigments such as paints or inks, the primary colors magenta and yellow mixed together produce the secondary color orange in the proportion of 75% yellow and 25% magenta. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families.
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[edit] Etymology of orange
The color is named after the orange fruit. Before this was introduced to the English-speaking world, the colour was referred to (in Old English) as geoluhread, which translates into Modern English variously as yellow-red, yellowred, or yellored (all pronounced the same).
The first recorded use of orange as a color name in English was in 1512 [1] in the court of King Henry VIII. Upon hearing the word "orange" in reference to a color, Henry reportedly exclaimed, "A color orange? Why, 'tis the noblest divine gift I have witnessed. You, fine sir, are to be my successor!"
[edit] Orange web colors
[edit] Orange (web color)
| Orange (web color) | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FFA500 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (255, 165, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (32°, 100%, 100%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Web color orange, defined as FFA500, is the only named color defined in CSS that is not also defined in HTML 4.01
[edit] Dark orange (web color)
| Dark orange | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FF8C00 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (255, 140, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (34°, 100%, 94%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
The web color called dark orange is displayed at right.
[edit] Additional variations on the color orange
[edit] Orange peel
| Orange peel | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FFA000 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (255, 160, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (38°, 100%, 100%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Displayed at right is the actual color of the outer skin of a usual orange. This color is called orange peel. It is the same color as the fruit after which it was named. So in contrast to blue or red this color is well determined--see the samples.
For a discussion of the difference between the colors orange and orange peel, see the indicated reference. [2]
The first recorded use of orange peel as a color name in English was in 1839. [3]
[edit] Tangerine
| Tangerine | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #F28500 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (243, 132, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (28°, 100%, 95%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
At right is the color tangerine, a shade of orange that is the color of the tangerine fruit.
The first recorded use of tangerine as a color name in English was in 1899. [4]
[edit] Carrot orange
| Carrot orange | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #ED9121 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (237, 145, 33) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (33°, 86%, 93%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Carrot orange is a tint of orange that is the color of the raw carrot vegetable.
The first recorded use of carrot orange as a color name in English was in 1684. [5]
[edit] Burnt orange
| Burnt orange | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #CC5500 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (204, 85, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (25°, 100%, 80%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Burnt orange has been used as a color name for this dark shade of orange since 1915 [6]. This colour is one variation that is used as a school color of the Clemson University, Virginia Tech, Auburn University, and The University of Texas at Austin.
Burnt Orange was popular in interior design in the 1970s.
[edit] Brown
| Brown | ||
|---|---|---|
| — Color coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #964B00 | |
| RGBa | (r, g, b) | (150, 75, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (30°, 100%, 59%) |
| a: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Brown is actually derived from the orange part (orange + grey) of the color spectrum. It can be described as dark orange.
The first recorded use of brown as a color name in English was in 1000. [7]
[edit] Orange in human culture
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- Orange is the corporate color of:
- Cingular Wireless (United States)
- Continental AG (Germany, operates internationally)
- Dyno-Rod (UK)
- easyJet (UK)
- eircom (Ireland) and its subsidiary:
- Meteor Mobile Communications (Ireland)
- Euskaltel (Spain) (including its cycling team Euskaltel Euskadi)
- Hermes (France)
- The Home Depot (United States)
- ING Groep N.V. (Netherlands/Global)
- JetStar (Australia)
- Kall (Faroe Islands)
- Moldcell (Republic of Moldova)
- Orange SA (French, operates internationally)
- Rabobank (Netherlands)
- Sega Dreamcast
- Teradata, currently a division of NCR (United States)
- TNT N.V. (Netherlands)
- UniCredit Banca (Itay)
- Orange is the national color of The Netherlands, because its royal family used to own the principality of Orange (the title is still used for Dutch heir apparent). It is the color of choice for many of the national sports teams and their supporters. The nickname of the Dutch national football (soccer) team is Oranje, the Dutch word for orange. In the modern flag of the Netherlands, red substitutes the original orange, but on royal birthdays the flag has an additional orange banner. Most geographical usages of the word orange can be traced back to Dutch maritime power in the 17th century.
- In Ireland the use of orange dates from the reign of William of Orange, the Protestant English king and a Dutch stadholder.
- In English heraldry, orange denotes strength, honor, generosity, and prosperity. However, its use as a heraldic tincture is relatively rare.
- The colors orange and black represent the holiday Halloween (31 October) because orange is the color of pumpkins and black is the color of night, doom, despair and darkness, which is why black cats are associated with Halloween.
- The colors orange and brown represent the United States holiday Thanksgiving.
- In the United States Army, orange is the color of the United States Army Signal Corps.
- Orange signifies Protestantism in Northern Ireland (see Orange Institution) and to a lesser extent in the Republic of Ireland (the orange part of whose flag represents the Protestant population[citation needed]) and Hinduism in India and Sri Lanka.
- Orange has become a color symbolising opposition around the world.
- Orange also may sometimes be symbolic of the political concept of Democratic Socialism.
- Orange was the rallying color of the 2004–2005 Orange Revolution in Ukraine.
- Orange is used as a rallying color by Jewish settlers in the Gaza Strip who oppose the Gaza Pull-Out plan.
- Ulster Unionism is associater with orange, due to its protestant symbolism and connection to King William III
- Orange is the party color of:
- Fidesz-MPSZ in Hungary
- CD&V, Flanders, Belgium
- People's National Party, Jamaica
- The Justice and Truth Alliance, Romania
- People First Party, Republic of China (Taiwan)
- New Democratic Party, Canada
- June List, Sweden
- Free Patriotic Movement, Lebanon
- Bharatiya Janata Party, India
- Pora or "High Time", Ukraine — see Orange Revolution
- Liberal Democrats, United Kingdom
- Social Democratic Party, Portugal
- People's Party (Spain) since 2005
- BZÖ, Jörg Haider's newly formed party in Austria
- National Union (Israel)
- Reformed Political Party, Netherlands
- Christian Democratic Union, Germany
Safety Signalling
- Orange is the contrasting color of blue and is highly visible against a clear sky. Therefore, orange is often used in safety. See: Safety orange and Dayglow orange
- The color orange is often used for visibility enhancement.
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- Orange is (usually) the color of the Netherlands national football team and all other Dutch national teams and Dutch athletes.
- Orange is also the color of the Ivory Coast national football team.
- In American collegiate athletics, orange is combined with other colors to form the colors for Auburn University, Boise State University, Clemson University, Princeton University, the University of Illinois, University of Florida, the University of Miami, University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, Oklahoma State University, Oregon State University, University of Texas, University of Texas at El Paso, University of Tennessee, and Sam Houston State University, among others. Orange is also the official color of Syracuse University and the name of its several sports teams.
- American professional teams that use orange as a primary color include the Baltimore Orioles and San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball, the Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, and Denver Broncos of the National Football League, the Phoenix Suns and the Charlotte Bobcats of the National Basketball Association and the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League.
- Orange is the color of the second equipation of Valencia CF (Spain). The Land of Valencia has oranges as a traditional produce.
- Orange is the primary color of the Adanaspor SK of Turkey.
- Orange is the color of Blackpool FC in England
- The Hoover Crips set wears orange along with some Folk Nation sets.
- Orange is the color of the ball in Snooker Plus with an 8-point value.
- Orange is also the color of J-league football team, Omiya Ardija.
- The Department of Homeland Security's code orange on its terror threat scale represents a high risk, second highest to severe.
- Native Americans associated the color orange with kinship.
- Deluxe International orange is the color of the paint on San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge
[edit] References
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw-Hill--Discussion of color Orange, Page 170
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample: Orange Peel Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample L10.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 27 Plate 2 Color Sample H11
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 192; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample C11; see discussion of color "carrot orange" on page 152.
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930--McGraw-Hill (see under Burnt Orange in Index, Page 191)
- ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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|---|---|
| (Sorted by wavelength, short to long) Gamma ray • X-ray • Ultraviolet • Visible spectrum • Infrared • Terahertz radiation • Microwave • Radio waves |
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| Visible (optical) spectrum | Violet • Blue • Green • Yellow • Orange • Red |
| Microwave spectrum | W band • V band • K band: Ka band, Ku band • X band • C band • S band • L band |
| Radio spectrum | EHF • SHF • UHF • VHF • HF • MF • LF • VLF • ULF • SLF • ELF |
| Wavelength designations | Microwave • Shortwave • Mediumwave • Longwave |
| The Heraldic Tincture Series |
|---|
| Rule of Tincture |
| Metals: Argent • Or |
| Colours: Azure • Gules • Purpure • Sable • Vert |
| Furs: Ermine • Vair • Potent |
| Stains: Murrey • Tenné • Sanguine |
| Other: Bleu celeste • Carnation • Cendrée • Orange |
| Web colors | black | silver | gray | white | red | maroon | purple | fuchsia | green | lime | olive | yellow | orange | blue | navy | teal | aqua |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
