Norman Mineta
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| Norman Mineta | |
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| In office January 25, 2001 – July 7, 2006 |
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| Preceded by | Rodney E. Slater |
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| Succeeded by | Mary Peters |
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| In office 2000 – 2001 |
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| Preceded by | William M. Daley |
| Succeeded by | Donald Evans |
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| Born | November 12, 1931 (age 75) San Jose, California |
| Political party | Democratic |
Norman Yoshio Mineta (born November 12, 1931) is an American politician of the Democratic Party. He is one of the most successful Asian American politicians in U.S. history. Mineta most recently served in the President's Cabinet of George W. Bush as the United States Secretary of Transportation, the only Democratic Cabinet Secretary in the Republican George W. Bush Administration. On June 23, 2006, Mineta announced his resignation after five years and six months as Secretary of Transportation, effective July 7, 2006, making him the longest-serving Transportation Secretary in the Department's history. On July 10, 2006, Hill & Knowlton, a renowned public relations firm, announced that Mineta would join it as a partner.
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[edit] Early life, career, and family
Mineta was born in San Jose, California, to Japanese immigrant parents who were not U.S. citizens at that time. During World War II the Mineta family was detained in the Heart Mountain internment camp near Cody, Wyoming, along with thousands of other Japanese immigrants and Japanese Americans.
While detained in the camp, Mineta, a Boy Scout, met fellow Scout Alan K. Simpson, future U.S. Senator from Wyoming, who often visited the Scouts in the internment camp with his troop. The two became, and have remained, close friends and political allies.[1]
He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley's School of Business Administration (since named in honor of Walter A. Haas, Sr.) in 1953 with a degree in Business Administration. Upon graduation, Mineta joined the US Army and served as an intelligence officer in Japan and Korea. He then joined his father in the Mineta Insurance Agency.
Mineta is married to Danealia (Deni) Mineta. He has two sons, David and Stuart Mineta, and two stepsons, Robert and Mark Brantner.
[edit] Councilman and Mayor of San Jose
His political career began in 1967 when he was appointed to a vacant San Jose City Council seat by mayor Ron James. In 1969 he was elected to his seat, in his own right, on the council and became the vice mayor. In 1971 he ran against 14 other candidates to replace James. Mineta won every precinct in the election, and with over 60% of the total vote, and was elected the 59th Mayor of San Jose, becoming the first Asian American mayor of a major U.S. city. As mayor, Mineta ended the city's 20 year old policy of rapid growth by annexation, creating development free areas in East and South San Jose. His vice mayor, Janet Gray Hayes, succeeded him as mayor in 1975.
[edit] United States Congress
From 1975 to 1995 he sat in the United States House of Representatives representing the Silicon Valley area. He co-founded the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus and served as its first chair. Mineta served as chairman of the House Public Works and Transportation Committee between 1992 and 1994. He chaired the committee's aviation subcommittee between 1981 and 1988, and chaired its Surface Transportation Subcommittee from 1989 to 1991.
During his career in Congress he was a key author of the landmark Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. He also pressed for more funding for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Mineta, with his friend Republican Senate Whip Alan Simpson, was also the driving force behind passage of H.R. 442, the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which officially apologized for and redressed the injustices endured by Japanese Americans during World War II. In 1995, George Washington University awarded the Martin Luther King, Jr. Commemorative Medal to Mineta for his contributions to the field of civil rights.
[edit] Private sector and Secretary of Commerce
Mineta resigned his seat mid-term to accept a position with Lockheed Martin in 1995. The Democrats subsequently lost this district when Republican Tom Campbell defeated Democratic candidate Jerry Estruth in the special election held to fill the vacated seat. Mineta chaired the National Civil Aviation Review Commission, which in 1997 issued recommendations on reducing traffic congestion and reducing the aviation accident rate. Many of the commission's recommendations were adopted by the Clinton administration, including reform of the FAA to enable it to perform more like a business.
After serving as vice president of Lockheed Martin Corporation, he was appointed in 2000 by President Clinton as the United States Secretary of Commerce, making him the first Asian American to hold a post in the presidential cabinet.
[edit] Secretary of Transportation
He was appointed United States Secretary of Transportation by President George W. Bush in 2001, a post he was originally offered eight years previously by Bill Clinton. He is the only Democrat to have served in Bush's cabinet and also the first Secretary of Transportation to have previously served in a cabinet position. He became the first Asian American to hold the position, and only the fourth person to be a member of Cabinet under two Presidents from different political parties (after Edwin M. Stanton, Henry L. Stimson, and James R. Schlesinger).
During the September 11, 2001 attacks, Mineta issued an order to ground all civilian aircraft traffic for the first time in U.S. history.
Mineta's testimony to the 9/11 Commission about his experience in the Presidential Emergency Operating Center with vice president Cheney as American Airlines flight 77 approached the Pentagon was not included in the 9/11 Commission Report, however it has attracted attention for its content. Mineta stated to the Commission:[2]
- "There was a young man who had come in and said to the vice president, 'The plane is 50 miles out. The plane is 30 miles out.' And when it got down to, 'The plane is 10 miles out,' the young man also said to the vice president, 'Do the orders still stand?' And the vice president turned and whipped his neck around and said, 'Of course the orders still stand. Have you heard anything to the contrary?' Well, at the time I didn't know what all that meant. And--"
After hearing of Mineta's orders, Canadian Transport Minister David Collenette also issued orders to ground all civilian aircraft traffic across North America, resulting in Operation Yellow Ribbon. On September 21, 2001, Mineta sent a letter to all U.S. airlines forbidding them from practicing racial profiling; or subjecting Middle Eastern or Muslim passengers to a heightened degree of pre-flight scrutiny. He stated that it was illegal for the airlines to discriminate against passengers based on their race, color, national or ethnic origin or religion. Subsequently, administrative enforcement actions were brought against three different airlines based on alleged contraventions of these rules, resulting in multi-million dollar settlements.
The Norman Y. Mineta San José International Airport in San Jose was named after him in November 2001 when Mineta was serving as Secretary of Transportation. The Mineta Transportation Institute, located at San José State University, was also named after him.
White House Press Secretary Tony Snow announced on June 23, 2006, that Mineta would resign effective July 7, 2006, because "he wanted to", with a spokesman for Mineta saying he was "moving on to pursue other challenges." He left office as the longest-serving Secretary of Transportation in history.[3]
Hill & Knowlton announced on July 10, 2006, that Mineta will join the firm as vice chairman, effective July 24, 2006.[4]
In December 2006, Mineta was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.[5]
[edit] See also
- List of U.S. political appointments that crossed party lines
- 9/11 Commission Report
- Norman Mineta's Testimony to the 9/11 Commission (Google Video)
[edit] References
- ^ Matthews, Chris (2002). A Pair of Boy Scouts. Scouting Magazine. Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved on December 16, 2006.
- ^ Public Hearing. National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (2003). Retrieved on December 16, 2006.
- ^ President's Statement on Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta. White House (2006). Retrieved on June 24, 2006.
- ^ U.S. Secretary of Transportation Norman Y. Mineta Joins Hill & Knowlton. Hill & Knowlton (2006). Retrieved on July 10, 2006.
- ^ Bush Gives Medal of Freedom to 10 People. Associated Press (2006). Retrieved on December 16, 2006.
| Preceded by Ron James |
Mayor of San Jose 1971–1975 |
Succeeded by Janet Gray Hayes |
| Preceded by Robert J. Lagomarsino |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 13th congressional district 1975–1993 (district moved) |
Succeeded by Pete Stark |
| Preceded by Gary Condit |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 15th congressional district 1993–1995 |
Succeeded by Thomas J. Campbell |
| Preceded by William M. Daley |
United States Secretary of Commerce 2000–2001 |
Succeeded by Donald Evans |
| Preceded by Rodney Slater |
United States Secretary of Transportation 2001–2006 |
Succeeded by Mary Peters |
| United States Secretaries of Transportation |  |
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| Boyd • Volpe • Brinegar • Coleman • Adams • Goldschmidt • Lewis • Dole • Burnley • Skinner • Card • Peña • Slater • Mineta • Peters |
| United States Secretaries of Commerce |  |
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| Secretaries of Commerce & Labor: Cortelyou • Metcalf • Straus • Nagel
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| Persondata | |
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| NAME | Mineta, Norman Yoshio |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | U.S. Secretary of Transportation |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 12, 1931 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | San Jose, California |
| DATE OF DEATH | |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
Categories: 1931 births | Japanese Americans | Living people | Mayors of San Jose, California | Members of the United States House of Representatives from California | People from San Jose, California | United States Army officers | United States Secretaries of Commerce | United States Secretaries of Transportation | University of California, Berkeley alumni | Asian American politicians | Japanese American politicians | Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
