Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride

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Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride

Systematic name	Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride
Chemical formula	C₄₀H₃₀Cl₂N₁₀O₆
Molecular mass	817.64 g/mol
Density	x.xxx g/cm³
Melting point	xx.x °C
Boiling point	xx.x °C
CAS number	[xx-xx-xx]
SMILES	[Cl-].[Cl-].[O-][N+](=O)c1ccc(cc1)n2nc (n[n+]2c3ccc(cc3OC)c7ccc([n+]5nc (nn5c4ccc(cc4)[N+]([O-])=O) c6ccccc6)c(OC)c7)c8ccccc8
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Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) is a chemical.

Color: yellowish.
Solubility: very little solubility in water or lipid.

             reduction
NBT (yellowish) →  → blue precipitate

It is used in immunology for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (with BCIP). NBT serves as the oxidant and BCIP is the AP-substrate (and gives also dark blue dye). It is also used as an electron acceptor for colorimetric/spectrophotometric activity assays of oxireductases (such as the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes). Also used as a diagnostic test for Chronic Granulomatous Disease. A disease where there is a defect in NADP oxidase, therefore the phagocyte is unable to make the reactive oxygen species or radicals required for bacterial killing and results in bacteria thriving within the phagocyte. Treatment is by administering aggressive antimicrobial therapy able to kill bacteria intracellularly like Co-trimoxazol