New Bedford River
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The New Bedford River, also known as the Hundred Foot Drain because of the distance between the tops of the two embankments on either side of the river, is a man-made cut-off or by-pass channel of the River Great Ouse in the Fens of Cambridgeshire, England. It provides an almost straight channel between Earith and Denver Sluices. It is tidal, with reverse tidal flow being clearly visible at Welney, some 30 km from the sea.
The channel was created in around 1650 by Cornelius Vermuyden as part of a project to reclaim the lands of the Bedford Level that were reclaimed in the 1630s and deliberately flooded during the Civil War. The workers on the project were predominantly Scottish prisoners-of-war captured at the Battle of Dunbar.
Both this river and its "twin", the Old Bedford River, are named after Francis, Earl of Bedford who funded the construction of both rivers. The area between the two rivers (20 miles long, 1 mile wide) is below the rivers and below sea level, and is frequently flooded during winter. Three large sluice gates at Earith open and close as necessary, to control the level of the River Great Ouse from Earith southwards, with the excess water flooding the "Washes". At Welney, these "Washes" provide an ideal habitat for wildfowl and other birds, and the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust has established a nature reserve here, the WWT Welney. A walking trail runs along its entire length.
