Nellore
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Nellore
Andhra Pradesh • India |
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| District(s) | Nellore |
| Coordinates | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
• 19 m (62 ft) |
| Population | 378,947 (2001) |
Nellore is a city located in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is also the headquarters of Nellore district. It is of strategic commercial importance as it lies between the cities of Vijayawada and Chennai. It is located on the banks of Pennar river.
Nellore is an important telugu city from the time of tikkana, famous telugu poet to present day politics. The city setup the stage for formation of the Andhra Pradesh state. It is famous for its rice breed and its cuisine.
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[edit] Etymology
As Nellore is famous for its high paddy yields, it was named after the word nelli, which in Tamil means paddy.
[edit] History
Nellore was part of the composite Madras state until October 1, 1953. On November 1, 1956, when the states were reorganized on a linguistic basis, the district was transferred to Andhra Pradesh. Potti Sriramulu, a Telugu patriot and activist from Nellore fasted to death for formation of the Andhra Pradesh state.
Nellore was a historically an important Telugu city. It was under the Pallavas, Cholas, Chalukyas, Kakatitayas and Vijayanagara empire in its history. The city was most famous in 13th century, when Tikkana Somayaji translated Mahabharat into Telugu. The city was then known as Vikrama Simhapuri and was the capital of Manumasiddhi of Nellore Cholas. Tikkana, also a minister in the court of the king ManumaSiddhi, developed friendly relations with mighty Kakatiya kings with his poetry and was instrumental in getting military support from Warangal for his king. Molla, the second Telugu poetess had also written Telugu Ramayan here.Later it became part of the nawabs of Arcot who ruled from Vellore and was known as part of circars. Till 1911 it was part of Guntur district which later became Nellore.
[edit] Geography
Nellore city is located at [1]. It has an average elevation of 18 metres (62 feet).
It is frequently affected by cyclones. In summer, water is extremely scarce.
[edit] Climate
- Winter: January and February
- Summer: March to May
- South West Monsoons - June to September
- North East Monsoons - October to December
The Maximum temperature is 36-46c during summer and the minimum temperature is 23-25c during winter. The rainfall ranges from 700-1000 during monsoons.
[edit] Economy
The city is the main shopping centre for cloths, electronics, health needs, jewels etc. for the people of the entire district. The city makes revenue mainly from cloth emporiums, movie theatres, nellore cuisine restaurants and hotels, hospitals and educational coaching centres.
Nellore has very less number of industries biggest being a small( Nippo )Batteries factory, Apache( recently started leather shoes factory) and Thermal power plant.(Thermal power Plant is now closed for ever) A beleif that political leadership morally currupt and lacks vision and maturity, is prevelant in this area.
Nellore district is called the "Shrimp capital of India" due to is high production of cultured shrimp.
[edit] Government and Politics
Nellore is the head quarters of the district. It contributes to one seat is state legislature and one Indian Parliament seat.
The city of Nellore attained the status of a Municipal corporation in 2004.
[edit] Transport
A main national railway line passes through Nellore. The national highway number 5 passes through the Nellore. The nearest international airport is about 170 km south in Chennai. The city can be reached from all major south Indian cities like Hyderabad, Chennai or Bangalore by bus or train. Nellore has more than 140 mini buses serving the people for their daily needs.originally it was part of MSM railway which later became part of southern railway and is now part of south central railway.
[edit] Demographics
As of the 2001 Indian census GRIndia, Nellore has a population of 378,947 (agglomeration 554,922). Both males and females constitute 50% of the population. Nellore has an average literacy rate of 72%, 76% for males and 68% for females, higher than the national average of 59.5%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
[edit] Industrial Development
The handloom sector is a small scale industry and next to agriculture by the number of people depend on it. Venkatagiri and Patur are important handloom centres in the district noted for their traditional handcrafted fine cotton and silk sarees embrodied with pure zari.
The following are major industries located in Nellore District
- SHAR (SriHarikota High Altitude Range) located in SriHarikota, Nellore Dt.
- Kovur Thermal Power Plant ( defunct)
- Nellore Nippo Batteries factory
- Acqua and fisheries throughout the district
- Mica Mines in Gudur and Sydapuram mandals
- work in progress Adidas Apache in Tada Nellore dt.
- work in progressKRISHNAPATNAM THERMAL POWER PLANT(AP GENCO)-4000mw
- work in progressULTRA MEGA THERMAL POWER PLANT(CENTRAL GOVT)-4000mw
- work in progressKRISHNAPATNAM PORT TRUST
Krishnapatnam is a major port and market center situated at a distance of 20 km from Nellore City. The port is hoped to become a world-class deep water port. Iron ore and granite are being exported from KrishnaPatnam to other countries like China. One Railway line links it with Vekatachalam on main railway line. Tada is at a distance of 80 km from Nellore with new industrial ventures like the Adidas factory and Tata's Leather park.
Projects in progress: An International Leather park will start working soon at Krishnapatnam. A railway line is being constructed from Krishnapattanam to Obulavari palle to link up this port with Mumbai Railway line. Construction of two Ultra Mega Power Projects with the capacity of 4000 MW each at Krishnapatnam is going on. Recently Central government gave clearance to IFFCO fertilizer factory at Regadi Chelika near Nellore. Cental government is also planning to setup a 'Petro Chemical Terminal' at Krishnapatnam. Air Deccan is going to setup an airport near Nellore city. Construction work of two textile parks at Menakur near Venmkatgiri/Nayudupet will start soon.
[edit] Culture
Telugu is the most spoken language while rice and seafood are the most consumed food in Nellore.
Nellore is practically divided into two halves by the railway lines which are interconnected through under bridges. These are completely blocked during heavy rains, causing problems.
Nellore hosts a bunch of three star hotels including the oldest one, Simhapuri. Movie theaters in Nellore town are of high quality. Nellore is known for having the high density of health care providers. People's Polyclinic, previous known as Ramachandrareddy Hospital and Jayabharath Hospital serve poor people. Most notable hospitals are St. John's Hospital, Bollineni "Super" Speciality Hospital and ABM Hospital (American Baptist Hospital).
[edit] Relegious attractions
- Jonnavada Kamakshamma temple Situated 8 KM from nellore, this temple is world famous.People come here from as far as kashmir and kanya kumari.People from america and UK and gulf visit this temple. Almost everyone in and around nellore district must have visited this atleast once in thier life time. This is a siva temple with kamakshamma and vinayaka and subrahmanyeswar swamy. Its the most loved destination for poorest and to the richest in the town.
- Ranganayaka Templein Nellore-More than 600 years old, this temple is situated on the banks of the river Pennar and is marked by a huge 29 m tall Galigopuram with seven gold kalasams. Well-known for its architectural splendour. There is a story that the main statue of god vishnu is from other place and was found in the river adjacent.Probably an attempt by some people to save the destruction of the statue somewhere upstrem by erstwhile muslim rulers.Pujaaris of this temple, in that time, seems suffered the hardest and finally won over muslim rulers by compassion and graceness.We can see muslims thickly populated around this temple along with brahmin(pujari) community.
- Sri Raja Rajeshwari Ammavari Devasthanam, Nellore- Sri Arul Jyoti Nataraja Murthy Swamy of Sri Arul Jyoti Nataraja Murthy Swamy Ashram Pitadhipathi wished to have a temple for Sri Devi. In 1968 Sri Ratna Swamy Mudiliar.
- Sri Venugopala Swamy Devasthanam, Moolapet, Nellore-Built in 1883. The presiding deity of the temple is Sri Rukmini Satyabhama Sametha Sri Venugopala Swamy. The idols are in black ...
Udayagiri Fort-Located 96 km from Nellore, This is the site of a mighty fortress built by the Vijayanagar Kings in the 14th century. A towering peak can be seen here.
- Rahmatabad is one of the most visited place in nellore. It has the Tombs of some famous spiritual personalities like Nayab-e-Rasool (sarkar, ACA:'Babajaan') and his wife Maa Habiba (ACA:'Ammajaan'). Thousands of believers visit the place each year during the months of june-july the time when celebrations take place. Believers see miracles happen to them. This is also one of the places ( like in jonnawada mentioned above)where the spiritual personalities exorcise people possessed with demons.
- LEF Church, founded by Late Mr.N.Daniel now headed by his son Dr.Joshua Daniel was established in Nellore in the year 1971.The church is near the A.C.Stadium.
[edit] Education
Venkatagiri Raja College, Veda and Sanskrit College, C.A.M High School, ABM High School and RSR Municipal High School are the oldest educational institutions in Nellore. They were originally affiliated with either Madras University or Andhra University. The colleges are now part of S.V. University. Another college located in Nellore is Sarvodaya College. There are now hundreds of schools and colleges.
Nellore has been famous in the state since 1985 for its abundance of coaching centers to various streams like engineering, medical and IIT, at the level of plus 2 (popularly known as intermediate education). Pioneers among the private educational institutes are Ratnam, KORA and Narayana. KORA had been acquired by Ratnam.
[edit] Media
It has a list of local newspapers such as Zaminryot, Lawyer, Nellore News and Nagarabheri. Though most of them were swept away by the main state newspapers like Vaartha, Eenadu and Andhrajyothy, only Lawyer is still a popular news item.
The popular TV Channels are state wide telugu cable channels ETV, Maa TV Gemini and Teja and local city cable.
[edit] Sports
Cricket is the most played and well watched sport. Badminton and Volleyball are also played in schools. Indoor sports like chess and carams are also played.
[edit] Trivia
The indias most famous singer, who sang more than 60000 songs and conducted many TV shows , acted in many movies, Sri Panditharadhyula balasubramanyam( generally known as SP or Balu) is from this town.
The most famous actors of yester years sri Nagabhushanam( 'raktakanneeru'fame) , Sri Rajanala venkateswara rao , and many cinema stalwarts are from this town. Thetelugu cinema actor 'Nellore kanta rao'( once famous wrestler ) is also from the same town and his people still own a cinema theatre here(kanaka mahal)
Present tollywood demigod Chiranjeevi spent a significant part of his adolescent life in this city.
Major heavyweights that are involved in the construction businesses across the state and country have their roots in this city and its environs.
The recipe used to prepare chapala pulusu (translates to fish stew) appealed to a wide range of demographic across the state and consequently found a place in the menus of many restaurants across the state, under the name nellore chapala pulusu.
[edit] References
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Andhra Pradesh Topics | History | Politics | Telugu people |
|---|---|
| Capital | Hyderabad |
| Districts | Adilabad • Anantapur • Chittoor • East Godavari • Guntur • Hyderabad • Kadapa • Karimnagar • Khammam • Krishna • Kurnool • Mahbubnagar • Medak • Nalgonda • Nellore • Nizamabad • Prakasam • Rangareddi • Srikakulam • Visakhapatnam • Vizianagaram • Warangal • West Godavari |
| Major cities | Anantapur • Adoni • Chittoor • Kadapa • Eluru • Guntur • Kakinada • Karimnagar • Khammam • Kurnool • Machilipatnam • Nandyal • Nalgonda • Nellore • Nizamabad • Ongole • Proddatur • Ramagundam • Rajahmundry • Sangareddi • Secunderabad • Srikakulam • Tirupati • Vijayawada • Vizianagaram • Visakhapatnam • Warangal |
