Native Countries of North America

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The following is a list of names of Native countries of North America - the traditional homelands of Native American peoples. Autonymic names in Native American languages are in bold, translations of the Native names are in parentheses and quotes. The Native language or dialect of that form of the country's name is in brackets; for example, [Plains Cree]. Names for that Native country in other languages, such as conventional English names, are in a normal font and indented with a bullet unless only exonyms are yet known to the authors, in which case the exonym (in parentheses and a non-bold font) is used as the main entry - such as where only the Abenaki name for "Mahican Country" is yet known.


Anishinaabewaki ("Anishinaabe Land")[1] [Ojibwe]


Apsáalooke Issawua[2] [Crow]


(Atrakwae [3] [Huron; the Kahkwa language is unattested])

  • Kakouagoga Country, Kahkwa Country


Benteh ("Among the Lakes") [4] [Tanaina]


Denendeh ("Land of the People") [5]


Diné Bikéyah ("Land of the People") [6], Dinétah ("Among the People") [7] [Navajo]

  • Diné Country, Navajo Country, Navajoland [8]


Dus-gaˊ-o-weh-o-noˊ-ga [3]


Eeyou Istchee ("Land of the People") [9] [East Cree]


Gwe-uˊ-gweh-o-noˊ-ga [3]


Haida Gwaii [10] [Haida]


Haudenosauneega [11], Aquanishuonigy [12]


Hopitutskwa (" Hopi Land ")[4] [13] [Hopi]


Inuit Nunaat ("Land of the Inuit") [15] [Greenlandic]


Kalaallit Nunaat ("Land of the Kalaallit (Greenlanders)") [16] [Greenlandic]


Kanién:ke, Kanienkeh (" Land of Flint ")[5], Gä-neă-ga-o-noˊ-ga[3] [Mohawk]

  • Meqewihkuk ("Among the Mohawks")[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


Karúk Veezívzaaneen ("Karuk (Upriver) Country") [17] [Karuk]


Kitaskino ("Our [inclusive] Land; Our [inclusive] Territory"), Nitaskinan ("Our [exclusive] land; Our [exclusive] Territory")[8], Nehirowisi aski ("Autonomous Earth") The earth (aski) where Atikamekw can be autonomous (nehirowisiw). [18] [Atikamekw]


Lingít Aaní ("Land of the Tlingit") [20] [Tlingit]


Lenapehoking ("In the People's Land")[9] [21] and [22], Scheyischbi ("The Place Bordering the Ocean") [23] [Lenape]


(Mahiganek ("At the Mahicans") [24] [Abenaki])


Mánu: Yį Įsuwą ("Land of the River (Esaw) People")[10] [Catawba]


Mi'kma'ki [25], Migmagi [26] ("Allies' Land")[11] [Micmac]

  • Mihkomahkik ("In Mi'kmaq Territory")[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


(Msajosek ("The Great Hill") [27] [Abenaki])

  • Massachusett Country


Ndakinna [28], N'dakina [29] ("Our [exclusive] Land"); (Malihkinuwi-Waponahkik) (" American Abenaki Land ", i.e. " Maine ")[7] [Abenaki]

  • Aponahkik ("In Abenaki Territory")[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


Nēhiýānāhk ("Cree Country")[12], Nēhiýaw-askiy (" Cree Land ")[12] [Plains Cree]


Newe Segobia ("The People's Earth Mother") [30] [Western Shoshone]


Niitsitpiis-stahkoii [31] [Blackfoot]


Nitassinan ("Our [exclusive] Land")[32] Refers to Montagnais territory as a whole. Innu Assi (" People Land ") [33] Refers to those lands within Nitassinan that are owned by the Montagnais. [Montagnais]

  • Innu Country, Montagnais Country
  • Muhtaniyewihkuk ("In Montagnais Territory") [7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


Numunuu Sookobitu ("Comanche Earth")[13] [Comanche]


Nunatsiavut ("Our Beautiful Land") [34] [Inuttut]


Nunavik ("Place to Live") [35] [Inuttitut]


Nunavut ("Our Land") [36] [Inuktitut]

  • Nunavummuit Country, Eastern Canadian Arctic Inuit Country


Nun-daˊ-wä-o-noˊ-ga[3]


O-nunˊdä-ga-o-noˊ-ga[3]


Onyota’a:ka’, Onʌyoteʔaˑkaˑ' ("People of the Standing Stone")[14], O-naˊ-yote-kä-o-noˊ-ga[3] [Oneida]


O'odham Jeweḍ ("Land(s) of the People (O'odham)")[15], O'odham ha-jeweḍga is a more political designation, as in the "O'odham Reservation/Nation".[15] [Tohono O'odham]


(Osogonek (" Algonquin Place ") [37] [Abenaki])


Panaôbskaiiak ("Land of the Penobscots")[16] [Penobscot (Eastern Abenaki)]

  • Panuwapskewihkuk ("Among the Penobscots") [7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


Paskwāwiýinīnāhk ("In the Plains Cree Country")[12] [Plains Cree]

  • Plains Cree Country


Peskotomuhkatik ("In the Land of the Passamaquoddies (Pollock-spearers)")[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy]


Shiwinnaqin [41] [Zuni]

  • Ashiwi Country, Zuni Country


Sq'wayáiɬaqtmš[17] [Upper Chehalis]


Tatl'ahwt'aenn Nenn' ("Headwaters People's Country") [42] [Ahtna]


Tohono ("Desert") [Tohono O'odham][15]


Tsenacommacah, Tsenacomoco, Tenakomakah, Attanoughkomouck, Attan-Akamik ("Activity-grounds", "Land of Much Events")[18] [Powhatan]


Tséstho'e, Zesthoe [43] (" Cheyenne Land ") [ Cheyenne ]


Wabanaki [44] [Abenaki], Waponahkik[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquoddy] ("Dawn Land")


Wolastokuk ("Land of the Beautiful River ( St. John River )")[7] [Maliseet-Passamaquody]


Wazidja ("The Grand Pinery") [45] [Winnebago]


Wendake [47] [Wyandot]


(Yurúk Veezívzaaneen ("Yurok (Downriver) Country") [Karuk])


[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary
  2. ^ "Apsáalooke Issawua": Email correspondence with Tim McCleary, Project Coordinator, Crow Place Name Project, December 31, 2006. The element "Issawua" should probably have an accent mark showing stress. Travis Henry 22:35, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
  3. ^ a b c d e f League of the Ho-deˊ-no-sau-nee or Iroquois by Lewis H. Morgan, 1904
  4. ^ "Hopitutskwa": Hopi Dictionary compiled by the Hopi Dictionary Project, 1997.
  5. ^ "Kanién:ke": Email correspondence with Kiotenhariyo of Ganienkeh Territory, February 4, 2007. The Ganienkeh Community was apparently spelled that way intentionally to distinguish it as the community, within the greater territory of Kanienkeh. Travis Henry 22:35, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
  6. ^ "Annien̈ę (and related forms): p.479 of Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 15, 1978.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i >Freelang Maliseet Dictionary
  8. ^ http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21721/apb.html Kit...no is the inclusive "our", thus used when Atikamekw are speaking among themselves while Ni...nan is the exclusive "our", thus used when Atikamekw are speaking to non-Atikamekw
  9. ^ Lenape Lenapehoking is apparently cognate with Ojibwe Ininaabewakiing "in the People's Land", according to Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary.
  10. ^ "Mánu: Yį Įsuwą": Suggested by Blair Rudes of the University of North Carolina-Charlotte, via email correspondence, February 7, 2007. Travis Henry 22:22, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
  11. ^ Mi'kmaq Mi'kma'ki is apparently cognate with Ojibwe Miigimaaki and Maliseet Mihkomahkik "Allies' Land", according to Freelang Ojibwe and Freelang Maliseet Dictionaries.
  12. ^ a b c nēhiýawēwin by Arok Wolvengrey, 2001.
  13. ^ "Numunuu Sookobitu": Email correspondence with The Comanche Language and Cultural Preservation Committee, February 5, 2007. Travis Henry 02:02, 6 February 2007 (UTC)
  14. ^ Onyota’a:ka’: Email correspondence with Kandice Watson, Education and Cultural Relations Director of the Oneida Indian Nation's Shako:wi Cultural Center. Ms. Watson stated: "This means “People of the Standing Stone”. Every Iroquois Nation has some way of describing their people, for example, the Onondaga are known as “The People of the Great Hills”. So when people say Onyota’a:ka’, they are referring to us or our homelands." (February 20, 2007). Onʌyoteʔaˑkaˑ': Email correspondence with the Oneidan Language Revitalization Program, February 12, 2007. Travis Henry
  15. ^ a b c Tohono O'odham names from Ofelia Zepeda, linguist from the University of Arizona and native Tohono O'odham speaker, from email correspondence via her colleague Mizuki Miyashita, February 12, 2007.Travis Henry
  16. ^ Freelang Abenaki-Penobscot Dictionary
  17. ^ "Sq'wayáiɬaqtmš": Upper Chehalis Dictionary by M. Dale Kincaid, 1991.
  18. ^ Powhatan Tenakomakah is apparently cognate with Ojibwe Danakamigaa: "activity-grounds", i.e. "land of much events", according to Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary.
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