Murray William James Bourchier
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Brigadier The Honourable Sir Murray William James Bourchier, CMG, DSO, VD, MLA (April 4, 1881 - December 16, 1937) was an Australian soldier and politician.
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[edit] Early life
Murray was the eldest son of Edward and Francis Bourchier, owners of the Woodland Park property near Strathmerton, Victoria. He was educated privately in Melbourne and afterwards worked at Woodland Park.
[edit] Military career
Bourchier commanded a CMF light horse troop at Numurkah, Victoria from 1909 to 1914. At the outbreak of World War 1 he left with the first contingent of the First Australian Imperial Force. [1] He served in "A" Squadron of the the 4th Light Horse Regiment in the Gallipoli, Egyptian, Sinai, Palestine and Syrian campaigns. While on Gallipoli he was appointed Captain and adjutant of the 4th Light Horse Regiment and was promoted to the rank of Major in 1916. The recommendation for promotion noted that "he was always quite cool and collected, and this had a very good effect upon his men".[2]
On October 31, 1917 he led the 4th and 12th Light Horse regiments in the four mile charge against Turkish positions at the at the Battle of Beersheba, capturing 15 of the 17 wells intact and taking over 700 prisoners. In a later report he summed up the effect of the attack:[3]
| “ | In commenting on the attack I consider that the success was due to the rapidity with which the movement was carried out. Owing to the volume of fire brought to bear from the enemy's position by Machine Guns and rifles, a dismounted attack would have resulted in a much greater number of casualties. It was noticed also that the morale of the enemy was greatly shaken through our troops galloping over his positions thereby causing his riflemen and machine gunners to lose all control of fire discipline. When the troops came within short range of the trenches the enemy seemed to direct almost all his fire at the horses. | „ |
He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and received the Distinguished Service Order on November 4, 1917:[4]
| “ | For the gallant and capable manner in which as Commanding Officer of the 4th Australian Light Horse regiment he personally directed his Regiment into action on the attack on BEERSHEBA on October 31st, 1917. This officer, by his skilful handling of his Regiment and by his magnificent example of courage and determination, was very largely in the success of the attack and capture of the town. | „ |
In September 1918 he again commanded a joint force of the 4th and 12th Light Horse regiments ("Bourchier's Force") in the final advance on Damascus, capturing 12,000 Turks. He was was awarded the Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George on June 3, 1919 for the following recommendation:[5]
| “ | In the face of very heavy fire this officer led his regiment on September 27, 1918 across the Jordan below Jisr Benat Yakub over a very difficult crossing and thus outflanked the enemy and compelled his to withdraw from the position. On September 30 this officer was in command of the 4th and 12th Light Horse Regiments, which form the advance guard of the Australian Mounted Division in its advance from Sasa to Damascus. He captured the enemy position at Kaukab, held by 2500 Turks with machine guns. He led a spirited charge of two Regiments without any delay and thus opened the way to Damascus where his troops were the first to enter. | „ |
During the war he was mentioned in dispatches three times.[6]
After the war he returned to his farm near Strathmerton, Victoria. He remained an officer in the Australian Citizens Military Forces, becoming Colonel in command of the 5th Cavalry Brigade in 1921 and Brigadier in command of the 2nd Cavalry Division in 1931.
[edit] Political career
Bourchier was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly in 1920, representing the Victorian Farmers' Union in the electoral district of Goulburn Valley. His maiden speech was an attack on the Lawson government's neglect of ex-servicemen.
He was re-elected as a Country Party candidate in 1921 and re-elected (unopposed) several times until his resignation in 1936. He was deputy leader of the Country Party in 1927-1930, leader in 1933-1935 and deputy leader again in 1935-1936. During his political career he served as Minister of Agriculture and Markets in the Allan government and the Chief Secretary, Minister of Labour and Deputy Premier in the early years of the Dunstan government.
He resigned from Parliament in August 1936 and was appointed Victorian Agent-General. While in this position he represented Victoria at the coronation of King George VI. He died in London from pernicious anaemia and cancer on December 16, 1937. He was knighted posthumously in January 1938.
[edit] Personal life
Bourchier was of French descent. He was also a Freemason.
He married Minona Francis Madden, daughter of politician Sir Frank Madden, on June 16, 1921. They had a daughter and two sons.
[edit] Trivia
Bourchier Street in Shepparton, Victoria is named after him.
[edit] In popular culture
- In the 1987 film The Lighthorsemen and a 1993 episode of The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, both depicting the Battle of Beersheba, Major Bourchier was portrayed by Tony Bonner.
[edit] References
- ^ First World War Embarkation Roll entry - Australian War Memorial
- ^ Recommendation - Australian War Memorial
- ^ Bou, Jean (2006). "Cavalry, Firepower, and Swords: The Australian Light Horse and the Tactical Lessons of Cavalry Operations in Palestine, 1916–1918". The Journal of Military History 71 (1): 99-125. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.
- ^ Citation - Australian War Memorial
- ^ Citation - Australian War Memorial
- ^ *Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament 1900-84
[edit] External links
- Sir Murray William James Bourchier at the Australian Dictionary of Biography
- Honours and awards (gazetted) - Australian War Memorial
