Morris Cohen (Soviet spy)

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Morris Cohen a.k.a. in London as Peter Kroger (2 July 1910 - 23 June 1995), was born in New York. His father was from an area near Kiev in present-day Ukraine, and his mother was born in Vilnius in present-day Lithuania. Cohen received an athletic scholarship as an outstanding rugby player to attend Columbia University.

In 1937, Cohen joined the Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion and fought as a foreign national volunteer in the Spanish Civil War with compatriot Amadeo Sabatini, veteran and career Soviet spy. Cohen was injured and in November 1938 returned to the United States where he began serving Soviet foreign intelligence.

In 1941, Cohen married Lona Cohen who was an activist in the Communist Party USA and a courier for Manhattan Project physicist Theodore Hall, part of a ring of atomic spies that was revealed later to have been far more damaging than the well-known Rosenberg ring.

In mid-1942, Cohen was drafted into the U.S. Army and served in Europe. Cohen was demobilized from the Army in November 1945 and returned to the United States where he resumed his espionage work for the USSR.

As Soviet spy networks were compromised in this period, connection with Soviet intelligence was temporarily ended, but resumed in 1948, when the Rezidentura ascertained that Cohen could be approached. Together with Lona Cohen, they ensured the continued secret connection with a number of the most valuable sources of the Rezidentura. They began working with Col. Rudolph Abel up to 1950, at which time they secretly left the United States and went to the Soviet Union.

In 1954, the Cohens reappeared in London as antiquarian book dealers under the names of Peter and Helen Kroger, and worked with Gordon Lonsdale of Soviet intelligence. Morris became the British Illegal Resident. British security officials arrested the Cohens on 7 January 1961 as part of a Soviet espionage network known as the Portland Spy Ring that had penetrated the Royal Navy. Morris and Lona served eight years in prison, less than half of their sentences.

In 1967, the Soviet Union admitted that the Cohens were spies, and, in August 1969, Britain agreed to exchange them for Gerald Brooke, a British subject held in the Soviet Union. The Cohens returned to Moscow, and Morris continued to train younger colleagues for intelligence gathering.

The Cohens were awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Friendship of Nations for their espionage work. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, they also were given the title of Heroes of the Russian Federation by the Yeltsin government. They lived out their lives on KGB pensions until their deaths — Lona in 1992 and Morris in 1995.

The Cohens are referenced in Venona decrypts 1239 KGB New York to Moscow, 30 August 1944; 50 KGB New York to Moscow, 11 January 1945, regarding an erroneous report Morris had been killed in Europe. The Cohens helped pass Manhattan Project secrets to the Soviet Union. His code name in Soviet intelligence and the Venona files is "Volunteer".

In 1983, the British playwright Hugh Whitemore dramatized the case as Pack of Lies, which was performed in London's West End theatre district starring Judi Dench and Michael Williams. It played on Broadway for 3½ months in 1985, for which Rosemary Harris won the best actress Tony award for her portrayal of the British neighbor of the Cohens/Krogers. It was made into a TV movie starring Ellen Burstyn, Alan Bates, Teri Garr and Daniel Benzali (as "Peter Schaefer," i.e., "Peter Kroger," i.e., Morris Cohen) which aired in the U.S. on CBS in 1987. The plot centered on the neighbors (and seeming friends) whose house was used as a base from which the security services could spy on the Cohens, and the way paranoia, suspicion and betrayal gradually destroyed their lives during that time.

[edit] External link

• Theory of Fielding Research and analysis of Soviet atomic espionage during the period 1940 to 1950.
• BBC report on the case. Includes a video news report on the Krogers/Cohens' return to the Soviet Union and an interview with former Foreign Secretary George Brown over the issues.

[edit] References

• Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) [1]
• Russian Federal Foreign Intelligence Service, Veterany vneshnei razvedki Rosii (Veterans of Russian foreign intelligence service), Moscow: Russian Federal Foreign Intelligence Service, (1995).
• FBI Morris and Lona Cohen file, 100–406659.
• Rebecca West, The New Meaning of Treason, New York: Viking (1964), pgs. 281–288.
• Joseph Albright and Marcia Kunstel, Bombshell: The Secret Story of America's Unknown Atomic Spy Conspiracy, New York: Times Books (1997) pgs. 244–253.
• John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Yale University Press, pgs. 316, 317–319, 320, 321, 334.
• Interview with Dr. Svetlana Chervonnaya