Molecular weight size marker

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A molecular weight size marker is used to identify the approximate size of a molecule run on a gel electrophoresis. This marker can be composed either of different proteins of known size, used in a Western Blot, or can be a nucleic acid that has been digested with a restriction enzyme into fragments of known size.

DNA agarose gel.  The first lane contains a molecular weight size marker for sizing, and the other four lanes show variously-sized DNA fragment that are present in some but not all of the samples.
DNA agarose gel. The first lane contains a molecular weight size marker for sizing, and the other four lanes show variously-sized DNA fragment that are present in some but not all of the samples.