Military history of Denmark
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[edit] Military history of Denmark
[edit] 793 - 1050 The Viking Age
- 793 Vikings raid Lindisfarne monastery on Holy Island in the North Sea. This is considered the start of the Viking Raids
- 810 Friesland is attacked by Danish Vikings
- 855 Danish Viking army besieges Paris, though never capturing the city
- 866 Large Danish Viking army arrives in England
- 876 King Alfred cedes East and North England to the Danes thus establishing the Danelaw
- 911 Emperor of Western Francia Charles the Simple surrenders what will later be knows as Normandy to Viking chief Rollo.
- 920 The Danelaw is reconquered by England
- 982 London is sacked by Vikings
- 1013 'Svend Tveskæg' attacks England and is recognised as the new King of England
- 1016 Viking army meets an English army at Ashdon. The battle ends in an English defeat
[edit] Early period
- 1043 Magnus I of Norway defeats the Wends at Lyrskov Hede
- 1157, 23 October Valdemar I defeats Sven on Grate Hede in the Danish civil war
- 1184, 21 May A Danish fleet of 125 ships under Absalon defeats a Venician fleet.
- 1219, 15 June In the battle of Lyndanis in Estonia the Danish flag falls down from the sky, at least according to legend (see Dannebrog)
- 1362 Valdemar Atterdag defeats a Hanseatic fleet (see Hanseatic League) that was besieging Helsingborg, and forces Lübeck to conclude peace
[edit] Union wars 1434 - 1523
- 1434 A Swedish peasant rebellion breaks out against the Danes
- 1448 Disagreements over who should be the new King after Christoffer the Third's death, leads to war between Denmark and Sweden
- 1455 After 7 years of war Danish King Christian the First is recognised as King over the Union
- 1463 Another outbreak of rebellion against the Danes in Sweden
- 1471 In the battle of Brunkebjerg, the Danes suffer complete defeat to the Swedish
- 1472 Peace is concluded
- 1497, 29 September King Hans attempts to grab power in Sweden after internal disturbances. His army of German mercenaries defeats a Swedish army in the battle of Rotebro and he is recognised as King of Sweden
- 1500, 17 February King Hans is defeated in the battle of Dittmarsken
- 1501 A Swedish rebellion breaks out and King Hans loses most of Sweden
- 1501 The Swedes attack Norway but are forced back. Stockholm surrenders to the Swedes
- 1510 Lübeck declares war on Denmark and Sweden joins Lübeck
- 1511, 9 August A Danish fleet forces the Lübeck fleet to fall back at Bornholm, and the rest of the war they remain in port
- 1512, April Denmark concludes peace with Sweden and Lübeck
- 1517 A rebellion in Sweden flares up again. In August a Danish army is deployed at Stockholm, but is defeated at Vedla
- 1518 Another Danish army is deployed at Stockholm, but is not capable of forcing a decisive battle
- 1520, 6 April A Danish army defeats a Swedish peasant army at Uppsala and occupies Stockholm
- 1520, 8 November The Swedish army is defeated. King Christian the Second acquires the title of King of Sweden, and orders all the Swedish nobility executed. This day is known as the bloodbath in Stockholm
- 1521 Gustav Vasa reconquors all of Sweden and the Union is dissolved
[edit] War with Lübeck and 'The Counts Feud' 1534 - 1536
- 1534 A Civil War named the Count's Feud breaks out. Captain Clement raises a Juttish peasant army
- 1535, 9 June A Danish and Swedish fleet fights a naval battle against Lübeck. The battle ends in a draw but in the coming days the Lübeck fleet is destroyed
- 1536, 11 June In the Danish Civil War a Danish peasant army is massacred in the battle of Oxnebjerg
- 1537, 16 January Lübeck concludes peace with Christian the Third. The Civil War ends when Copenhagen surrenders to Christian the Third
[edit] War against The Netherlands 1542 - 1543
- 1542 War breaks out between France and the German Emperor. A treaty between Denmark and France automatically involves Denmark's participation in the war
- 1543 Denmark declares war on Netherlands
- 1544 Denmark concludes peace with the German Emperor
[edit] 7 Year War 1563 - 1570
- 1563, 31 July Ambition and a fight over the right to each others national weapons, war breaks out between Denmark and Sweden
- 1563, 15 September A Danish army moves into Sweden and occupies Älvsborg
- 1564, 30 May A Danish fleet under the command of Herluf Trolle, defeats a Swedish fleet between Öland and Gotland
- 1565 The war's only big battle stands at Axtorna. Rantzau defeats a numerically superior Swedish army
- 1571, 25 January A peace treaty is concluded and terminates the war between Denmark and Sweden. Denmark gives back Älvsborg in return for 150.000 daler (Danish coin)
[edit] Kalmar War 1611 - 1613
- 1611, 4 April War between Denmark and Sweden breaks out when Sweden attempts to break the Danish monopoly on trade with Russia
- 1611, 11 June The Swedish Army is defeated at Kalmar
- 1613, 20 January Denmark and Sweden sign a peace treaty. Denmark becomes an uncontested power nation in Scandinavia
[edit] 30 Year War 1618 - 1648
- 1618 Denmark enters the war between Catholics and Protestants
- 1626 The Danish Army under Christian the Fourth is defeated by a Catholic army in the Battle of Lutter am Barenberge
- 1628 In the battle of Wolgast, Christian the Fourth is defeated by an German army and forced to conclude peace
[edit] Thorsteinson War 1643 - 1645
- 1643, December War with Sweden breaks out because of a long dispute over the dominance of the Øresund, and dissent over the Øresund toll
- 1643, 12 December The Swedish Field Marshall Thorsteinson crosses the border to Holstein from Swedish territory in North Germany
- 1644, January Jutland is occupied by Swedish troops
- 1644, February Swedish troops under Gustav Horn advance into Skåne and are stopped at Malmø
- 1644, 16 May A Danish fleet defeats a Dutch fleet at Lister Dyb, which was sent to reinforce the Swedes
- 1644, 1 July The Danish Fleet meets the Swedish Fleet at Koldberg Heide. The battle ends in a decisive Danish victory, and the Swedish withdraw to the Kiel Bay
- 1644, 12 October A combined Swedish and Dutch fleet defeats a Danish fleet at Fehmarn. This effectively decides the outcome of the war
- 1645, February Peace negotiations are started in Brømsebro
- 1645, 13 August Denmark and Sweden conclude peace in Brømsebro. Denmark is forced to hand over Gotland, Øsel and Halland (South Sweden) as well as the Norwegian province Jemtland.
[edit] Northern Wars (Carl Gustav Krigene) 1657 - 1660
[edit] Scanian War (Skånske Krig) 1675 - 1679
[edit] Great Northern War (Store Nordiske Krig) 1700 - 1720
[edit] Russo-Swedish War 1788
[edit] Napoleonic Wars (Napeoleonskrigene) 1800 - 1813
[edit] Gunboat War (Kanonbådskrigen) 1807 - 1814
[edit] First War of Schleswig (Treårskrigen / Første Slesvigske Krig) 1848 - 1850
[edit] Second War of Schleswig (Krigen i 1864 / Anden Slesvigske Krig) 1864
[edit] German Occupation (Den tyske besættelse) 1940 - 1945
[edit] Occupation of Afghanistan 2001
[edit] 2003 Invasion of Iraq
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1 Has significant territory in Asia. 2 Entirely in West Asia, but considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons. 3 Only recognised by Turkey. 4 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia.
