Mikrogeophagus altispinosa
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 A pair of Bolivian Rams
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| 'Mikrogeophagus altispinosa' |
The Bolivian Ram, Mikrogeophagus altispinosa is a close relative of the Blue Ram (Mikrogeophagus ramerezi), from the Cichlid family. Although it isn't as colourful as the Blue Ram, it is known for it's friendly and peaceful temperament. It is a dwarf species that is native to Bolivia and Brazil. Commonly referred to as a Butterfly Ram, Royal Ram and a Red Ram.
[edit] In the aquarium
Although the Bolivian Ram is a close relative of the Blue Ram, they are well known for being the hardier of the two cousins, making them better suited to aquariums where water parameters may fluctuate. They also grow slightly larger than the Blue Ram, with males reaching up to 4 inches and females to about 3.5 inches. The Bolivian Ram requires a PH of around 6.5-7.5, but is known to be able to adapt. They prefer warmer temperatures of around 25-28oC. They are usually kept as a pair but can be kept in groups in larger aquaria.
Sexing the Bolivian Ram usually proves to be a challenge until they get older. Some common signs are for the males to have longer spines at the front of the dorsal fin, as well as longer extensions trailing from the caudal fin. These are not set rules however, and often inspection of the Ram's sex organ is required: Females usually have a thicker organ that points downward, whereas the males have a slightly more angular organ that points backwards.
When spawning, Bolivian Rams pair up, and enjoy a courtship. During which time they will search for possible breeding areas, usually they prefer to spawn their 200 (approx) eggs on large, smooth rocks, but are known to spawn in pits which are dug in the substrate. Once the eggs hatch, the parents continue to guard the fry and usually move the babies to a number of different substrate pits until they are comfortable.
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