Michael J. Fox

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Michael J. Fox

Michael J. Fox and his wife Tracy Pollan, 1988
Birth name Michael Andrew Fox
Born June 9, 1961 (age 45)
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Other name(s) Sometimes credited as Michael Fox or Mike Fox.
Years active 1976-Present
Spouse(s) Tracy Pollan (1988-present)
Notable roles Alex P. Keaton
in Family Ties
Marty McFly
in Back to the Future I-III
Mike Flaherty
in Spin City
Emmy Awards
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series
1986, 1987, 1988 Family Ties
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series
2000 Spin City
Golden Globe Awards
Best Actor in a Television Comedy or Musical
1989 (tied) Family Ties
1998, 1999, 2000 Spin City
For other persons named Michael Fox, see Michael Fox (disambiguation).

Michael J. Fox (born Michael Andrew Fox on June 9, 1961) is an award-winning, Canadian-born film and television actor. His best known roles include Marty McFly from the Back to the Future trilogy (1985-1990), Alex P. Keaton from Family Ties (1982-1989), and Mike Flaherty from Spin City (1996-2000).

Fox was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 1991, and disclosed his condition to the public in 1998. As the symptoms of his disease worsened, he retired from full-time acting in 2000 and has since become an outspoken advocate for embryonic stem cell research.

Contents

[edit] Early life

Michael was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Son of William & Phyllis Fox, his family lived in various cities and towns across Canada because of his father's career in the Canadian Forces. The family finally settled in Vancouver, British Columbia, in the suburb of Burnaby when his father, William Fox, retired in 1971.[1]

Fox co-starred in the Canadian television series Leo and Me at age 15 and moved to Los Angeles at 18 to pursue an acting career. The year was 1979, the same year that western movie legend John Wayne passed. Thus, when leaving, many of his friends said "Hey look, they're already making room for you!" [1] He made his American television debut in the television movie Letters from Frank and was credited under the name "Michael Fox". He intended to continue to use the name, but when he registered with the Screen Actors Guild, which does not allow duplicate registration names to avoid credit ambiguities, he discovered that Michael Fox, a veteran character actor, was already registered under the name. As he explained in his autobiography, Lucky Man, and in interviews, he needed to come up with a different name. He did not like the sound of "Andrew" or "Andy" Fox. He decided against using his middle initial because he didn't want to fit into a Canadian stereotype, as in Michael "Eh?" Fox, and because he did not want teen fan magazines referring to him as "Michael, A Fox!". He decided to adopt a new middle initial and settled on "J" in reference to character actor Michael J. Pollard.[1] Sometimes he jokes that the J stands for "Jenius" or "Jenuine".

[edit] Acting career

Stardom did not come easily for Fox. Although he landed a rapid succession of parts after Letters from Frank (in the films Midnight Madness and Class of 1984 and in guest roles on Lou Grant and Trapper John M.D.), he hit a dry spell. At one point the young actor was forced to sell off pieces of his sectional couch, which actor Lance Guest purchased. Fox has called this period his "macaroni days", presumably as opposed to "salad days", jokingly referring to the fact that he ate so many macaroni and cheese dinners (i.e., cheap meals since in Canada, "Kraft Dinner" is ubiquitous as food for those on a budget).

[edit] Family Ties

Doc Brown (Christopher Lloyd) and Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox) from the movie Back to the Future.
Doc Brown (Christopher Lloyd) and Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox) from the movie Back to the Future.

Fox auditioned for the role of Alex P. Keaton, the arrogant, wise-cracking Republican teenager on the television series Family Ties. The first audition did not go very well, as creator Gary David Goldberg did not think he was right for the part. But casting director Judith Weiner convinced Goldberg to give Fox another shot. Goldberg had a change of heart at the next audition, but now Fox faced opposition from NBC executive Brandon Tartikoff. Goldberg tried to convince Tartikoff that Fox would be good for the role, and Tartikoff finally relented, famously commenting, "Go ahead if you insist. But I'm telling you, this is not the kind of face you'll ever see on a lunch box". A few years later, after Back to the Future opened to big success, Tartikoff received a lunch box in the mail that had Fox's picture on it. There was a note inside that read, "To Brandon: This is for you to put your crow in. Love and Kisses, Michael . Fox." Tartikoff kept the lunch box in his office for the rest of his career.

Family Ties struggled out of the gate, barely getting renewed in its first season. But in 1984, it was paired up with The Cosby Show on Thursday nights, and the two shows ranked in the top two for the Nielsen ratings until 1987, when Family Ties was moved to Sunday nights. Fox won three Emmy Awards and one Golden Globe for his portrayal of Alex P. Keaton. A famous episode in 1987, called "My Name is Alex" was directed like a theatrical play, with Alex seeing a psychiatrist to cope with the death of his best friend. This episode was picked as the 68th best in television history in a 1997 issue of TV Guide. In a 1999 issue, Alex P. Keaton was ranked #27 on their list of the 50 Greatest TV Characters Ever. Fox also met his future wife Tracy Pollan, when she portrayed Alex's girlfriend Ellen Reed in the 1985–1986 season. The couple met again on the set of his 1988 movie, Bright Lights, Big City.

[edit] Spin City

Spin City was a sitcom that ran from 1996 to 2002 on ABC, based on a fictional local government running New York City, originally starring Fox as Mike Flaherty, the Deputy Mayor of New York. After leaving the show, he was replaced by Charlie Sheen who protrayed the character Charlie Crawford. Altogether 145 episodes were made (see list of episodes).

[edit] Other Notable Roles

Some other notable productions Fox has been a part of include the Back to the Future movies, Mars Attacks!, Teen Wolf, For Love or Money, The Secret of My Success and The American President (film). He is also the voice of Stuart Little in the movies based on the popular book by E. B. White, Chance in the Homeward Bound series, and Milo Thatch in Atlantis: The Lost Empire. Fox has also guest starred in the comedy Scrubs as a doctor suffering from an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

In 2006, Fox guest starred in four episodes of Boston Legal as a lung cancer patient who used his influence in an experimental drug test to ensure he received the real drug instead of a placebo. The producers brought him back in a recurring role for season 3, beginning with the season premiere September 24. Though his character did not survive the season, Fox was nominated for an Emmy Award for best guest appearance in this role.

[edit] Private life, illness and advocacy

Fox married actress Tracy Pollan on 16 July 1988 at West Mountain Inn in Arlington, VT. The couple have four children: Samuel Michael (born May 30, 1989), twins Aquinnah Kathleen and Schuyler Frances (born February 15, 1995), and Esmé Annabelle (born November 3, 2001). Fox holds dual Canadian-U.S. citizenship.[2]

The MJFF logo.
The MJFF logo.
The Team Fox logo.
The Team Fox logo.

Although symptoms of the disease started to show in 1990 while shooting the movie Doc Hollywood , in 1991 he was diagnosed with young-onset Parkinson's disease, but didn't go public until 1998. Since then he has been a strong advocate of Parkinson's disease research, especially embryonic stem cell research, which many in the scientific community believe may one day help sufferers of Parkinson's and other debilitating illnesses. His foundation, The Michael J. Fox Foundation, was created to help advance this research.

In 1998 the Alberta native was honoured with a star on Canada's Walk of Fame.

In 2000, he announced that he would be retiring from the lead role of Spin City due to his illness. (A new lead character was created for Fox's replacement, Charlie Sheen.)

[edit] Stem cell research advocacy

See also: Stem cell controversy

Mr. Fox, in a 2006 interview with Katie Couric explained his political advocacy, "I'm in this situation with millions of other Americans...and we have a right, if there’s answers out there, to pursue those answers with the full support of our politicians."[3]

Republican Sen. Orrin Hatch attends a pro-stem cell research rally with actor and activist Fox.
Republican Sen. Orrin Hatch attends a pro-stem cell research rally with actor and activist Fox.

Two years earlier, Fox had appeared in a television commercial for Republican Arlen Specter's 2004 Senate campaign.[4] In the commercial, sponsored by Specter's re-election campaign, Fox comments that Specter "gets it" and Specter's voice is heard saying "there is hope."

On July 18, 2006, Fox appeared in a taped interview on ABC's Good Morning America, defending a Senate bill (Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act) that would have expanded federal funding for stem cell research.[5]

For the November 2006 U.S. midterm elections, Fox endorsed candidates on the basis of their support of embryonic stem cell research, as different from adult stem cell research. He appeared at events for several candidates including New Jersey Senator Bob Menendez, Iowa Secretary of State and gubernatorial candidate Chet Culver,[6] Illinois congressional candidate Tammy Duckworth and Ohio senatorial candidate Congressman Sherrod Brown.

[edit] 2006 political advertisement controversy

In late October 2006, Fox appeared in a television campaign commercial, endorsing Claire McCaskill, the Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate in Missouri and opposing incumbent senator Jim Talent for his specific opposition to federal funding of embryonic stem cell research. Fox also made similar ads in Wisconsin (supporting Governor Jim Doyle) and in Maryland, endorsing senatorial candidate Congressman Ben Cardin. All three of the endorsed politicians won their respective elections.

Conservative radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh caused controversy by claiming Fox was "either off his medication or acting" in the ad for McCaskill, calling Fox "really shameless".[7] According to the Washington Post, Limbaugh also told his listeners that Fox was "exaggerating the effects of the disease... He's moving all around and shaking, and it's purely an act."[8] Limbaugh later said he would apologize to Fox "if I am wrong in characterizing his behavior on this commercial as an act. . ."[9][10][11] Elaine Richman, a neuroscientist in Baltimore who co-wrote Parkinson's Disease and the Family offered the opinion that "Anyone who knows the disease well would regard his movement as classic severe Parkinson's disease. Any other interpretation is misinformed."[8]

Fox responded to Limbaugh's comments, ". . .it's difficult for people who don't have Parkinson's, or don't know about Parkinson's, to understand the symptoms and the way they work and the way medication works. You get what you get on any given day."[12]

[edit] Fox on living with Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurological disorder which can be characterized by a triad of symptoms: rigidity (specifically "leadpipe" and "cogwheeling" rigidity) resting tremor, and bradykinesia (slow movement). At present, there is no cure, but medications provide some relief from the symptoms. Fox manages his symptoms using Sinemet,[13] a commercial form of Levodopa (L-dopa). L-dopa treatment decreases in effectiveness as it is used over a long period of time, so Fox, like many PD sufferers, extends the life of its effectiveness by using it as little as possible.

In his memoir, Lucky Man, Fox wrote that he did not take his medication prior to his testimony before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee in 1998. "I had made a deliberate choice to appear before the subcommittee without medication. It seemed to me that this occasion demanded that my testimony about the effects of the disease, and the urgency we as a community were feeling, be seen as well as heard. For people who had never observed me in this kind of shape, the transformation must have been startling."[14]

After years of L-dopa treatment, new symptoms may develop called dyskinesia, which are different than that of PD. In an April 2002 NPR interview,[13] Fox explained what he does when he becomes symptomatic during an interview:

“ Well, actually, I've been erring on the side of caution--I think 'erring' is actually the right word--in that I've been medicating perhaps too much, in the sense times the symptoms that people see in some of these interviews that have been on are actually dyskinesia, which is a reaction to the medication. Because if I were purely symptomatic with Parkinson's symptoms, a lot of times speaking is difficult. There's a kind of a cluttering of speech and it's very difficult to sit still, to sit in one place. You know, the symptoms are different, so I'd rather kind of suffer the symptoms of dyskinesia. . .this kind of weaving and this kind of continuous thing is much preferable, actually, than pure Parkinson's symptoms. So that's what I generally do...

...I haven't had any, you know, problems with pure Parkinson's symptoms in any of these interviews, because I'll tend to just make sure that I have enough Sinemet in my system and, in some cases, too much. But to me, it's preferable. It's not representative of what I'm like in my everyday life. I get a lot of people with Parkinson's coming up to me saying, 'You take too much medication.' I say, 'Well, you sit across from Larry King and see if you want to tempt it.'

 ”

[edit] Selected filmography

[edit] Bibliography

The cover of Michael J. Fox's first book, Lucky Man.
The cover of Michael J. Fox's first book, Lucky Man.
  • Saving Milly: Love, Politics, and Parkinson's Disease (2001) (foreword only, book by Morton Kondracke)
  • Lucky Man: A Memoir (2002) (autobiography)
  • Always Looking Up (2008)

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c "About Michael", Michael J. Fox biography from michaeljfox.org, accessed on October 31, 2006.
  2. ^ "Michael J. Fox Becomes American Citizen," from IMDb, accessed on October 28, 2006.
  3. ^ Transcript: Michael J Fox The CBS Evening News with Katie Couric, October 26, 2006, accessed on 10 November, 2006.
  4. ^ Campaign 2004: Pennsylvania's U.S. Senate race provides clear choices, Jeffrey Cohan, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 18 October, 2004, accessed on 30 October, 2006
  5. ^ "Senate Approves Embryo Stem Cell Bill", Laurie Kellman, The Washington Post, 18 July, 2006, accessed on 31 October, 2006.
  6. ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Michael J. Fox to campaign for Culver" Thomas Beaumont, The DesMoines Register, 25 October, 2006, accessed on October 29, 2006
  7. ^ Limbaugh: Fox `shilling' in stem cell ad, Chicago Tribune, accessed on 27 October, 2006
  8. ^ a b "Rush Limbaugh On the Offensive Against Ad With Michael J. Fox." David Montgomery, Washington Post, October 25, 2006, accessed on 28 October, 2006
  9. ^ "Fox Responds To Limbaugh Accusation." CBS News, October 26, 2006, accessed on 30 October, 2006
  10. ^ Apology as Fox hounded over ad Rupert Cornwell, The New Zealand Herald 27 October, 2006, accessed on 29 October, 2006
  11. ^ "Media falsely reported Limbaugh apologized for attacking Michael J. Fox." Media Matters, 25 October, 2006, accessed on 10 November, 2006
  12. ^ "Countdown with Keith Olbermann' for Oct. 25." MSNBC transcript, accessed on 30 October, 2006
  13. ^ a b "Fresh Air" interview by Terry Gross" National Public Radio, April 2002.
  14. ^ Excerpt from Lucky Man, Chapter 8: Unwrapping the Gift. From michaeljfox.org, accessed on 28 October, 2006.

[edit] External links

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