User:Mervyn/Timeline of communications and media
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Timeline of communications and media is a temporary personal working list of notable events -- a check list to see if wikipedia has an article. Needs much disambiguation.
Contents |
[edit] 1700-1799
- 1714 first typewriter patented by Henry Mill in England
- 1719 Reaumur proposes using wood to make paper
- 1720 South Sea Bubble bursts
- 1724 Thomas Longman founded
- 1727 The Gentleman's Magazine, first modern magazine
- 1741 first magazine in America is published - American Magazine
- 1742 Benjamin Franklin's General Magazine prints first American magazine ads
- 1755 Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language
- 1757 Whatman invents wove paper
- 1762 John Murray (publisher) founded
- 1764 Fournier develops point system to measure type sizes
- 1765 earliest known children's pop-up book
- 1768 first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- 1768 first Letters of Junius in England
- 1768 first voyage of Cook's Endeavour
- 1770 gum eraser
- 1770 Eyre & Spottiswoode founded
- 1772 first English patent for coloured ink
- 1774 paper whitener
- 1783 Glasgow Herald founded
- 1784 first edition of The Times
- 1786 Playfair's Commercial & Political Atlas
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man
- 1791 establishment of the Observer
- 1792 Chappe's mechanical semaphore in France
- 1792 New York Stock Exchange established
- 1792 postal money orders in Britain
- 1794 Metric system in France
- 1798 Thomas Malthus's first Essay on Population
- 1798 Alois Senefelder invents lithography
- 1799 paper-making machine invented in France by Robert
[edit] 1800-1849
- 1801 Jacquard invents punch-card control for looms
- 1803 Sydney Gazette & NSW Advertiser - first newspaper in Australia
- 1804 Bonnier founded
- 1806 carbon paper
- 1807 camera lucida
- 1807 John Wiley opens shop
- 1807 A&C Black founded
- 1811 Luddite riots in Nottingham
- 1812 Churchill Livingstone founded
- 1813 can opener invented
- 1814 The Times printed by steam-powered rotary press
- 1815 patent for lined notepaper
- 1817 Berzelius isolates selenium
- 1817 Ricardo's On the Principles of Political Economy & Taxation
- 1817 Sir David Brewster patents the kaleidoscope ¥
- 1817 Say's Catechism of Political Economy
- 1818 Butterworth founded
- 1820 first manufactured calculating machine, de Colmar's Arithometer
- 1822 het Algemeen Handelsblad founded
- 1822 Daguerre and Bouton stage the first diorama in Paris
- 1823 Charles Babbage builds section of calculating machine
- 1825 First railway opens, from Stockton to Darlington
- 1827 Niépce makes first true photograph
- 1827 first microphone constructed by Wheatstone
- 1827 Samuel F. B. Morse founds Journal of Commerce
- 1829 first US patent for a typewriter
- 1829 Wheatstone uses punched paper tape to store data
- 1830 number of ads in British newspapers rises to 877,972 pa
- 1830 Stamp Tax abolished in Australia
- 1832 Havas news agency established
- 1833 experimental 1 kilometre-long electric telegraph in Germany
- 1834 Babbage conceives Analytical Engine
- 1834 Routledge founded
- 1835 Bertelsmann founded as a religious printer
- 1835 Agence Havas news and advertising agency founded
- 1835 Libel Act in England establishes truth allowed as defence in defamation for first time in UK
- 1836 General Register Office in the UK
- 1837 Wheatstone and Cooke patent electric telegraph
- 1837 Samuel F. B. Morse exhibits electric telegraph in US
- 1837 world's largest newspaper, New York Sun, has 30 000 circulation
- 1837 Pitman publishes book on shorthand
- 1838 Jacobi introduces the electrotype, permitting extended print runs for illustrated publications ¥
- 1838 London to Birmingham railway opens ¥
- 1838 Daguerre-Niépce method begins photographic revolution
- 1839 William Fox Talbot in England produces photographs from negatives
- 1839 electrotyping (duplicating of printing plates) invented by Jacobi
- 1839 electricity used to run printing press
- 1839 Henri Becquerel notes electrochemical effects of light
- 1840 first postage stamps sold in Britain
- 1841 Volney Palmer, first media broker
- 1841 first type-composing machine used in London
- 1842 Illustrated London News appears
- 1842 Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) appears
- 1842 Galveston Daily News founded
- 1843 first Christmas card commissioned by Henry Cole from artist John Calcott Horsley
- 1843 Economist founded
- 1843 Macmillan founded
- 1843 photographic enlarger
- 1843 Ada Lovelace publishes Notes about Computing
- 1843 first public telegraph line, from Paddington to Slough
- 1843 News of the World mass-market newspaper begins publication ¥
- 1844 Pearson media group founded as UK civil engineering contractor
- 1844 Toronto Globe founded
- 1844 de Nieuwe Rotterdamse Courant founded
- 1844 Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph connects Washington and Baltimore
- 1844 First photographically illustrated book published
- 1845 Straits Times launched
- 1845 cable laid across English Channel
- 1845 typewriter ribbon
- 1846 double cylinder rotary press produces 8,000 sheets per hour
- 1846 Melbourne Argus appears
- 1846 Moreton Bay (Brisbane) Courier
- 1847 Levi Strauss invents denim jeans
- 1847 Bakewell develops "copying telegraph"
- 1847 Uusi Suomi founded
- 1848 Mill's Principles of Political Economy
- 1848 Marx's Das Kapital
- 1848 first WH Smith railway bookstall
- 1848 Cassell founded
- 1848 first issue of Chicago Tribune
- 1848 first US postage stamp
- 1849 photographic slide
- 1849 first French postage stamp
- 1849 Howe patents safety-pin
[edit] 1850-1899
- 1850 first machine-made paper bag
- 1850 Mannheim designs logarithmic slide rule
- 1850 number of magazines published in US reaches 685
- 1851 Great Exhibition in London
- 1851 first edition of New York Times
- 1851 Archer invents wet-plate photography
- 1851 patent for Singer sewing machine
- 1851 first Canadian postage stamp
- 1851 Reuters established
- 1851 Collodion (wet plate) photographic process introduced ¥
- 1851 First pillar box appears, invented by Trollope, the novelist
- 1853 envelopes made by paper folding machine
- 1853 establishment of Compagnie Générale des Eaux, precursor of Vivendi
- 1854 telegraph used in Crimean War
- 1854 Wheatstone invents Playfair cipher
- 1854 Boole's Laws of Thought
- 1854 first Australian telegraph line (Melbourne to Williamstown)
- 1854 Carte-de-visite process simplifies photography
- 1855 compulsory prepayment of postage in US
- 1855 Hughes' printing telegraph
- 1855 pre-payment of letters made compulsory in US
- 1855 Maury's The Physical Geography of the Sea
- 1855 registered letters enter service in US
- 1855 Thomas Cook starts continental tours
- 1856 Poitevan develops photolithography
- 1856 blotting paper replaces sand boxes
- 1856 machine-folding of newspapers
- 1856 Symes buy The Age
- 1858 failure of first transatlantic telegraph service
- 1858 eraser fitted to end of pencil
- 1858 first aerial photograph
- 1858 Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney linked by telegraph
- 1859 development of wide-angle camera lens
- 1859 cable across Bass Strait
- 1859 Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species published in London ¥
- 1859 John Stuart Mill's On Liberty
- 1859 Great Moral History of Port Curtis, Australia's first comic
- 1860 Sholes builds functional typewriter
- 1860 Schibsted launches Aftenposten
- 1861 - First transatlantic telephone cable laid
- 1861 end of Pony Express in US
- 1861 first colour photograph taken by James Clerk Maxwell
- 1862 drawing is sent over a wire by Caselli
- 1862 first US national paper money
- 1863First underground railway in London
- 1863 uniform postage rates in US
- 1863 rollerskates invented
- 1865 Atlantic cable links US and Europe
- 1865 Nokia established as pulp and paper mill
- 1866 Holt Rinehart Winston founded
- 1867 Cahalan invents stock ticker
- 1868 writing machine first called a 'Type-Writer'
- 1869 establishment of N W Ayer, first US ad agency
- 1869 UK private telegraph companies nationalised
- 1869 transcontinental railway completed in US
- 1869 Suez Canal opened
- 1870 stock ticker used by Wall Street
- 1870 first British postcard devised by Anthony Trollope
- 1871 Bates establishes first ad agency offering "creative services"
- 1871 Hoe perfects continuous roll press
- 1871 first newspaper printing of pictures (using halftone)
- 1872 simultaneous transmission from both ends of a telegraph wire
- 1872 US$1 million budget for advertising Lydia Pinkham's Pink Pills
- 1872 Overland Telegraph Line links Melbourne to Darwin, with connection to Europe
- 1873 D'Alzon founds Bonne Presse and Pelerin
- 1873 US 'Comstock Act' criminalises use of mail for distributing any 'obscene, lewd or lascivious book or other publication of indecent character'
- 1873 illustrated daily newspaper appears in New York
- 1873 Maxwell publishes theory of radio waves
- 1873 Dewey develops Dewey Decimal System for Amherst College Library
- 1873 Remington starts manufacturing Sholes' typewriters
- 1873 typewriters get the QWERTY pseudo-scientific keyboard
- 1873 Parmalee invents automatic fire sprinklers
- 1873 Mith and May note photoconductivity of selenium
- 1874 Universal Postal Union (UPU) formed
- 1874 Yomiuri Shimbun founded
- 1875 mimeograph invented by Edison
- 1875 UK Trade Marks Registration Act establishes Trade Marks Registry
- 1875 John Wiley & Son incorporated
- 1876 Bell invents telephone
- 1876 Corriere della Sera founded
- 1876 Chugai bukka shinpo (later Nikkei Shimbun) founded
- 1877 Washington Post founded
- 1877 Charles Cros and Thomas Edison invent phonograph
- 1877 first commercial telephone is introduced
- 1878 Edweard Muybridge photographs horse in motion
- 1878 Scripps newspaper group founded
- 1878 cathode ray tube invented by Crookes
- 1878 microphone invented
- 1878 telephone directories are issued
- 1878 full page newspaper ads
- 1878 dry-plate photography
- 1879 Benday process assists newspaper illustration
- 1879 first telephone service in Australia connects Melbourne and South Melbourne offices of Robinson Brothers
- 1879 Sydney Daily Telegraph appears
- 1879 Asahi Shimbun founded
- 1879 Dahl's 'sulfate' method for practical manufacture of paper from wood pulp
- 1879 Frege proposes notational system for mechanical reasoning
- 1880 first photos in newspapers using halftones
- 1880 Edison and Swan invent electric light
- 1880 first parcel post
- 1880 US-owned telephone companies in UK merge to form United Telephone Company (later National Telephone Co)
- 1880 first Australian telephone exchange opened in Melbourne
- 1880 telecommunications company Bell Canada established
- 1881 Electric lighting installed in the Savoy Theatre, London
- 1882 Married Womens' Property Act in UK
- 1882 first wirephotos
- 1882 first national US ad (by P&G for Ivory soap)
- 1883 First photogravure printed in Britain
- 1883 Halftone printing plates introduced
- 1883 Stillwell invents brown paper bag
- 1883 Curtis founds Ladies' Home Journal
- 1884 Vort Arbeid newspaper founded
- 1884 early version of television technology - Nipkow scanning disk
- 1884 long distance telephone calls
- 1884 electric tabulator
- 1884 Waterman's fountain pen
- 1885 First practical motor car with an internal combustion engine built by Karl Benz ¥
- 1885 AT&T formed
- 1885 cylinder-based dictating machines
- 1885 coated photo printing paper made by Eastman
- 1886 Mergenthaler's linotype machine
- 1886 Sears Roebuck, forerunner of Amazon.com, starts mail-order business
- 1886 first Berne Copyright Convention
- 1886 Coca-Cola syrup invented
- 1886 Hollerith forms Tabulating Machine Company
- 1887 est. 5,400 cash registers in US (increases to 16,900 in 1890)
- 1887 Celluloid photographic film introduced
- 1887 US Interstate Commerce Act
- 1887 Berliner patents phonographic disk
- 1887 Comptometer multi-function adding machine is manufactured
- 1887 Bodley Head founded
- 1887 dynamite invented (NO! Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in 1863!)
- 1887 Hutchinson founded
- 1887 Winfrey buys Spalding Guardian
- 1888 Kodak box camera
- 1888 Hertz proves existence of radio waves
- 1888 coin-operated public telephone
- 1888 J M Dent founded
- 1888 Burroughs patents adding machine
- 1889 Hollerith's punch card machine used in US census
- 1889 automatic telephone exchange
- 1890 AB Dick markets mimeograph
- 1890 New York Phonograph Co opens first purpose-built recording studio
- 1890 Launch of the Daily Graphic, the first illustrated newspaper
- 1890 zipper
- 1890 rotogravure press
- 1890 Constable founded
- 1891 telephoto lens is attached to the camera
- 1891 first telephone link between London & Paris
- 1891 International Copyright Convention
- 1892 Edison and Dickson invent peep-show Kinetoscope
- 1892 4-colour rotary press
- 1892 portable typewriters
- 1892 Herman Ridder buys New York Staats-Zeitung
- 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus landing in America
- 1893 Coca-Cola trademark registered
- 1894 Marconi invents wireless telegraphy
- 1895 Lumière brothers invent Cinématograph
- 1895 William Friese-Greene invents phototypesetting
- 1895 Kellogg's Corn Flakes
- 1895 first Times Atlas of the World
- 1896 first edition of Daily Mail
- 1896 Henry Ford builds Quadricycle
- 1896 Underwood model permits typists to see what they are typing
- 1896 X-ray photography invented
- 1896 first US cinema opens
- 1897 Braun invents cathode-ray tube
- 1897 General Electric creates corporate publicity department
- 1897 Curtis launches Saturday Evening Post
- 1898 photographs taken by artificial light
- 1898 New York State passes law against misleading advertising
- 1898 Duckworth founded
- 1898 Kauppalehti daily founded
- 1898 James M Cox buys Dayton Evening News
- 1899 loudspeaker is invented
- 1899 magnetic sound recording
- 1899 American Marconi Company (forerunner of RCA)
- 1899 Burroughs Adding Machine Company
- 1899 Thorsten Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class
- 1899 Kraus launches Die Fackel
[edit] 1900-1919
- 1900 Kodak Brownie
- 1900 est. 1.4 million telephones, 8,000 registered automobiles and 24 million electric light bulbs in US
- 1900 'television' coined in France
- 1900 price of 'chemical' wood pulp reaches US$36 per tonne, down from US$344 per tonne in 1866
- 1900 'His Master's Voice' (HMV) registered as trademark in Britain
- 1901 first electric typewriter, the Blickensderfer
- 1901 first UK cinema opens
- 1901 Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams
- 1901 Gillette introduces double-edged safety razor
- 1901 Marconi sends radio signal across Atlantic
- 1901 establishment of Australian Commonwealth; PostMaster-General's 16,000 staff account for 90% of federal bureaucracy
- 1901 22,310 telephone subscribers in Australia (79% in capital cities)
- 1902 US Navy installs radio telephones aboard ships
- 1902 photoelectric scanning used for image transfer
- 1902 invention of the Teddy Bear
- 1902 national syndication of comic strips in US begins when Hearst licenses his strips to other newspapers
- 1902 Trans-Pacific telephone cable connects Canada and Australia
- 1903 London Daily Mirror illustrates only with photographs
- 1903 Ford Motor Co incorporated
- 1904 telephone answering machine
- 1904 photograph transmitted by wire in Germany
- 1904 comic book
- 1904 death of Joseph Pulitzer
- 1904 double-sided phonograph disc
- 1905 invention of the Yellow Pages
- 1905 juke box
- 1905 Australian Wireless Telegraphy Act regulates local airwaves
- 1906 offset press
- 1906 first classical music radio broadcast
- 1906 de Forest invents three-element vacuum tube
- 1906 Dunwoody and Pickard build crystal-&-cat's-whisker radio
- 1906 animated cartoon film
- 1906 Fessenden invents wireless telephony
- 1906 experimental sound-on-film motion picture
- 1906 experimental radio transmissions at Queenscliff, Victoria and Devonport, Tasmania by the Marconi Company
- 1907 Bell & Howell develop a film projection system
- 1907 Lumiere brothers invent still colour photography process
- 1907 electric washing machine - The Thor
- 1907 United Press International (UPI) founded
- 1907 Melbourne to Sydney telephone trunk line
- 1908 Ford's Model T
- 1908 electric iron and toaster patented
- 1908 Mills & Boon founded
- 1908 Sidgwick & Jackson founded
- 1909 radio distress signal saves 1,700 lives after ships collide
- 1909 first broadcast talk (on votes for women)
- 1909 pianos reach maximum market penetration in UK households at one per ten people
- 1910 Amalgamated Wireless Australia (AWA) formed
- 1910 first live opera broadcast
- 1910 Harrap founded
- 1911 UK and Australian Copyright Acts provide protection for author's lifetime plus 50 years
- 1911 American Tobacco Company controls 92% of world's tobacco business, just a bit more than Microsoft's share of the browser market in early 2001
- 1911 Photoplay magazine launched - first movie fan magazine and "genesis of celebrity culture"
- 1911 nationalisation of National Telephone Co in UK
- 1912 sinking of RMS Titanic
- 1912 Mises' The Theory of Money & Credit
- 1912 US passes law to control radio stations
- 1912 first neon sign
- 1912 first airmail
- 1912 first automatic telephone exchange in Australia
- 1913 portable phonograph
- 1913 est one-third of British households own a phonograph
- 1913 first newspaper crossword puzzle
- 1914 radio message is sent to an airplane
- 1914 35mm still camera
- 1914 American Audit Bureau of Circulations formed
- 1914 ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors & Publishers) founded
- 1914 Allen & Unwin founded
- 1914 first transcontinental telephone call in US
- 1914 Melbourne to Adelaide telephone trunk
- 1915 wireless radio service connects US and Japan
- 1915 radio-telephone carries speech across Atlantic
- 1915 Birth of a Nation
- 1915 electric loudspeaker
- 1916 United Newspapers formed in UK
- 1916 Sarnoff envisages radio as "a household utility"
- 1916 cameras get optical rangefinders
- 1916 radios get tuners
- 1916 US postal inspectors solve last known stagecoach robbery
- 1917 photocomposition begins
- 1917 Wente's condenser microphone
- 1917 Capek uses term "robot" in Opilek
- 1918 first regular airmail service: Washington to New York
- 1918 Beaverbrook founds Sunday Express
- 1918 first direct radio message from UK to Australia received at AWA's Wahroonga facility
- 1919 rotary dial telephones
- 1919 Eccles & Jordan's flip-flop circuit
- 1919 shortwave radio
- 1919 est. 1 million miles flown on scheduled routes (with 7,500 passengers)
[edit] 1920-1939
- 1920 Pearson-controlled Westminister Press buys UK provincial newspaper chains
- 1920 merger of Agence Havas and Société Générale des Annonces advertising agency
- 1920 Heinemann founded
- 1920 first broadcasting stations opened
- 1920 KDKA in Pittsburgh broadcasts first scheduled radio programs
- 1920 first US transcontinental airmail
- 1921 Wittgenstein's Tractatus
- 1921 de Volkskrant founded
- 1921 Western Union begins wirephoto service
- 1921 soap powder for washing machines
- 1921 first hamburger chain, White Castle
- 1921 Thorsten Veblen's The Engineers & the Price System
- 1922 UK BBC formed as commercial radio broadcaster
- 1922 UFA film company founded in Berlin
- 1922 Technicolour introduces two-colour process for movies
- 1922 average US weekly movie attendance is 40 million (1.56 per household)
- 1922 first film with optical sound track produced by UFA
- 1922 first radio advertisement in USA, US$100 for ten minutes
- 1922 first 3-D movie
- 1922 Dwiggins coins term 'graphic design'
- 1922 Nanook of the North, first documentary
- 1922 first portable radio in US
- 1923 Sydney to Brisbane telephone trunk line
- 1923 Disneys found film studio in Hollywood
- 1923 electric guitar
- 1923 first commercial radio broadcasting in Australia
- 1923 Book-of-the-Month Club founded
- 1923 Phaidon founded
- 1923 Zworykin's electronic iconoscope camera and kinescope display
- 1923 A C Nielsen founded
- 1923 Young & Rubicam founded
- 1923 16mm nonflammable film
- 1923 Kodak introduces home movie equipment
- 1923 Time magazine
- 1923 Edward Bernays writes Crystallizing Public Opinion
- 1924 Marlboro is launched, targeted at women with the line 'Mild as May'
- 1924 invention of spiral binding for notebooks
- 1924 invention of Vegemite
- 1924 The Eveready Hour is the first sponsored radio program in US
- 1924 IBM incorporated
- 1924 Music Corporation of America (MCA) founded
- 1924 2.5 million radio sets in the US
- 1925 Leica 35 mm camera
- 1925 commercial picture facsimile radio service across the US
- 1925 electric phonograph
- 1925 wide-screen film
- 1925 Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby
- 1925 AT&T establishes Bell Labs
- 1925 Random House founded
- 1925 Faber & Gwyer founded
- 1925 Marinho takes control of O Globo newspaper
- 1926 General Electric forms Radio Corporation of America (RCA)
- 1926 Belo founded
- 1926 UK government nationalises BBC
- 1926 Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK) - Japan Broadcasting Corporation founded
- 1926 first radio jingle: Wheaties
- 1926 commercial picture facsimile radio service across Atlantic
- 1926 Baird demonstrates electro-mechanical TV system
- 1926 first 16mm movie is shot in the US
- 1926 NBC radio network
- 1926 Bell Labs transmit film by television
- 1926 Aniline printing developed
- 1926 Ridder buys Journal of Commerce
- 1927 NBC begins two radio networks
- 1927 Jolson's The Jazz Singer is the first popular "talkie"
- 1927 Lang's Metropolis
- 1927 Movietone offers sound newsreels
- 1927 US Radio Act declares public ownership of the airwaves and establishes federal Radio Commission
- 1927 Technicolor
- 1927 JVC formed
- 1927 Remington Rand formed
- 1927 Gollancz founded
- 1928 US broadcasters agree to ban radio ads during 'family hour'
- 1928 Baird demonstrates colour TV on electro-mechanical system
- 1928 first Mickey Mouse cartoon
- 1928 teletype machine
- 1928 Baird beams TV image from UK to US
- 1928 first scheduled television broadcasts in US
- 1928 IBM adopts 80-column punched card
- 1928 United Independent Broadcasters restructured as Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)
- 1929 Associated Newspapers formed in Australia through merger of Samuel Bennett with Denison's Sun Newspapers
- 1929 Cisneros founded
- 1929 Decca records founded in UK
- 1929 Nyquist Theorem
- 1929 telegraph ticker sends 500 characters per minute
- 1929 ship passengers can phone relatives ashore
- 1929 brokers watch stock prices on an automated electric board
- 1929 Sydney-Melbourne picturegram service launched
- 1929 car radio invented
- 1929 first magnetic sound recording on plastic tape
- 1929 first television studio built in London
- 1929 Variety reports that 'Wall Street Lays An Egg'
- 1929 Bell Labs transmits stills in colour by mechanical scanning
- 1929 Zworykin's cathode-ray tube "kinescope" receiver, 60 scan lines
- 1929 Baird's tv transmissions using BBC radio towers during off hours
- 1929 est. 57 million miles flown on scheduled routes (with 434,00 passengers)
- 1930 Sidney & Cecil Bernstein open Granada Cinema
- 1930 Experimental 30-line TV transmissions in the UK
- 1930 photo flashbulbs replace flash powder
- 1930 first use of TV for advertising via closed circuit in UK and US
- 1930 Lowell Thomas comperes first regular US network newscast
- 1930 Bush's differential analyzer
- 1930 AT&T trials picture telephone
- 1930 Melbourne to Perth telephone trunk line
- 1930 London to Melbourne telephone service
- 1930 Curtis buys Philadelphia Inquirer
- 1931 commercial teletype service
- 1931 electronic TV broadcasts in Los Angeles and Moscow
- 1931 exposure meters on sale to photographers
- 1931 Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften
- 1931 EMI formed in UK
- 1931 incorporation of Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion (CLR)
- 1931 Crossley system for rating size of radio program audiences
- 1932 General Electric divests RCA
- 1932 first colour photo in a British newspaper, The Times
- 1932 Times uses Morrison's new Times Roman typeface
- 1932 Kodak introduces 8 mm film for home movies
- 1932 stereophonic sound in a motion picture, Gance's Napoleon
- 1932 Zoom lens invented
- 1932 NBC and CBS allow prices to be mentioned in radio commercials
- 1932 International Telecommunications Union
- 1932 Berle & Means' The Modern Corporation & Private Property
- 1933 first Mars bar
- 1933 Edwin Armstrong invents FM
- 1933 singing telegrams
- 1933 Homer Capehart sells Simplex record changer to Wurlitzer Co as basis for jukebox
- 1933 Dreft, first household detergent
- 1933 stereo phonograph records
- 1933 Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) established
- 1934 US Communications Act of 1934 creates federal Communications Commission
- 1934 drive-in movie theater opens in New Jersey
- 1934 Associated Press starts wirephoto service
- 1934 first overseas radiophoto published in Australian newspapers
- 1934 first mobile television truck captures Nazi rally
- 1934 3-colour Technicolor used in live action film
- 1934 half US homes have radios
- 1934 Muzak founded
- 1935 audio tape recorders on sale in Germany
- 1935 IBM markets electric typewriter
- 1935 IBM markets 601 tabulator
- 1935 first Kit Kat in UK
- 1935 first Penguin paperback
- 1935 Michael Joseph founded
- 1935 all-electronic VHF television
- 1935 Eastman-Kodak develops Kodachrome colour film
- 1936 Berlin Olympics are televised closed circuit
- 1936 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
- 1936 coaxial cable connects New York to Philadelphia
- 1936 Turing describes a general purpose computer
- 1936 Walter Benjamin's The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
- 1936 Life launched
- 1936 Packers buy Sydney Daily Telegraph from Associated Newspapers
- 1936 Keynes's General Theory of Employment, Interest & Money
- 1937 Turing's On Computable Numbers introduces Turing machine
- 1937 NBC sends mobile TV truck onto New York streets
- 1937 Hindenburg crash broadcast coast to coast in US
- 1937 Greater Union Theatres (GU) group in Australia
- 1937 Photocopier invented by Carlson
- 1937 Snow White is first feature-length cartoon
- 1938 Baird demonstrates live TV in colour
- 1938 Biro brothers invent ballpoint pen
- 1938 CBS World News Roundup ushers in modern newscasting
- 1938 radio surpasses magazines as a source of ad revenue in US
- 1938 U Penn plays first publicly televised game of US football
- 1938 War of the Worlds broadcast frightens chattering classes
- 1938 Hulton Picture Library founded as archive for Picture Post magazine
- 1939 Cox buys The Atlanta Journal
- 1939 Atanasoff-Berry Computer, first electronic digital computer
- 1939 300,000 jukeboxes in US
- 1939 New York World's Fair shows television to public
- 1939 first regular TV ads
- 1939 radio in 75% of German households
- 1939 Hewlett-Packard
[edit] 1940 - 1959
- 1940 Walt Disney's Fantasia introduces stereo sound
- 1940 CBS demonstrates color television in New York
- 1940 80% of US homes have radio
- 1940 Wilson's To the Finland Station
- 1941 Citizen Kane
- 1941 stereo installed in Moscow movie theater
- 1941 FCC sets US TV standards
- 1941 first colour TV commercial, for Bulova watches
- 1941 microwave transmission
- 1941 Zuse's Z3 computer
- 1942 Academic Press founded
- 1942 Lamarr & Antheil patent for secure "spread spectrum" communications
- 1942 Kodacolour process produces the colour print
- 1944 Harvard's Mark I, first digital computer
- 1944 IBM offers typewriter with proportional spacing
- 1944 first high-fidelity recordings
- 1944 von Neumann & Morgenstern's Theory of Games & Economic Behavior
- 1945 Clarke describes geosynchronous communication satellites
- 1945 Bush's 'Memex' article
- 1945 est. 10,000 television sets in US
- 1946 6,500 television receivers sold in US
- 1946 Lanham Act in US
- 1946 term 'bit' used for first time by John Tukey
- 1946 first network soap opera
- 1946 jukeboxes go into mass production
- 1946 ENIAC makes 5,000 additions in one second
- 1946 automobile radio telephones connect to US phone network
- 1946 Love Me Sailor censorship trial in Australia
- 1946 Axel Springer founds Nordwestdeutsche Hefte and Hör Zu magazine
- 1946 Rupert Hart-Davis founded
- 1946 over 200 new mass-oriented magazines launched in US
- 1946 IBM markets 603 electronic tabulator
- 1946 Universal Pictures merges with International Pictures to become Universal International
- 1947 invention of transistor
- 1947 zoom lens used in US baseball world series TV
- 1947 holography
- 1947 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) becomes UN agency
- 1948 Claude Shannon's A Mathematical Theory of Communication
- 1948 Wiener's Cybernetics
- 1948 invention of LP record and Polaroid camera
- 1948 News of the World sells 8 million copies in UK
- 1948 Holtzbrinck founded
- 1948 Brost buys licence for Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (WAZ)
- 1948 establishment of Australian Broadcasting Control Board
- 1948 US weekly cinema population peaks at 90 million
- 1948 IBM markets 604 tabulator
- 1949 birth of US network TV
- 1949 disposable syringe invented in Australia
- 1949 RCA introduces 45 rpm record
- 1949 regional use of cable television in US
- 1949 first commercial computer
- 1949 magnetic core computer memory
- 1949 Australian CSIRAC computer perform its first controlled program
- 1949 The Lone Ranger and Hopalong Cassidy initiate tv Western genre
- 1949 Weidenfeld & Nicolson founded
- 1949 Thames & Hudson founded
- 1950 Turing's Computing Machinery & Intelligence
- 1950 Remington-Rand acquires Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp
- 1950 NBC launches Today show and The Adventures of Superman
- 1950 Phonevision, first pay-per-view service
- 1950 AC Nielsen's Audimeters start to track TV viewing
- 1950 changeable typewriter typefaces in use
- 1950 first credit card - Diners Club
- 1950 first Bertelsmann book club formed
- 1950 Victor Civita forms Editora Abril
- 1950 Paul Hamlyn founded
- 1950 R. C. Hoiles founds Freedom Newspapers
[edit] 1951-1975
- 1951 1.5 million television sets in US
- 1951 launch of commercial radio in Japan
- 1951 Cinerama
- 1951 Wang Laboratories founded
- 1951 still cameras get built-in flash units
- 1951 coaxial cable reaches coast to coast in the US
- 1951 André Deutsch founded
- 1951 Peter Owen founded
- 1951 Treaty of Paris establishes European Coal and Steel Community
- 1952 Bing Crosby's company tests video recording
- 1952 Nixdorf Computer founded
- 1952 US government sues IBM for monopolizing punched-card machine industry
- 1952 Sony produces first transistor radios
- 1952 UNIVAC I projects the winner of the presidential election on CBS
- 1952 Zenith proposes pay-TV system using punched cards
- 1952 est. 22m television sets in US homes
- 1953 first issue of TV Guide
- 1953 Axel Springer buys Die Welt
- 1953 launch of commercial TV in Japan
- 1953 Fairfax grabs Associated Newspapers
- 1953 National Cash Register enters computer market through purchase of Computer Research Corporation
- 1954 Village Roadshow media group founded
- 1954 Television Act establishes UK Independent Television Authority (ITA)
- 1954 FORTRAN created by John Backus
- 1954 IBM markets 650 computer, using drum storage
- 1954 USSR launches Sputnik
- 1954 regular colour TV broadcasts begin in the US
- 1954 TV ad revenue exceeds radio revenue in US for first time
- 1954 Robert Borkenstein patents breathalyser
- 1955 NBC president David Sarnoff says "Television will never be a medium of entertainment"
- 1955 Disneyland opened
- 1955 EMI buys Capitol Records in US
- 1955 launch of L'Espresso
- 1955 Remington-Rand & Sperry Gyroscope merge as Sperry-Rand
- 1955 rebranding sees start of Marlboro Man campaign
- 1955 first fluoride toothpaste, Crest
- 1955 music recorded on tape in stereo
- 1955 US record sales reach US$277m pa
- 1956 television broadcasting in Australia
- 1956 Granada TV starts broadcasting in UK
- 1956 first transatlantic telephone cable
- 1956 television in 71% of US households
- 1956 first hard disk drive at IBM
- 1956 IBM settles punch card dispute through DOJ consent decree
- 1956 Ampex builds practical videotape recorder
- 1956 Bell Labs tests picture phone
- 1956 first transatlantic telephone calls by cable
- 1956 term 'artificial intelligence' devised
- 1956 first use of "Elvis has left the building"
- 1956 Burroughs Adding Machine Company enters computer market through purchase of Electrodata
- 1957 Treaty of Rome establishes European Economic Community
- 1957 Control Data Corporation formed
- 1957 Digital Equipment (DEC) formed
- 1957 National Opinion Polls (NOP) founded in UK
- 1957 Soviet Union's Sputnik sends signals from space
- 1957 first Japanese car sold in US
- 1957 FORTRAN becomes first high-level computer language
- 1957 UNIVAC II marketed
- 1957 Sony TR63 is first pocket transistor radio
- 1957 surgical operation is televised
- 1957 Vance Packard's The Hidden Persuaders
- 1957 Chomsky's Syntactic Structures
- 1957 first book to be entirely phototypeset is offset printed
- 1958 US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency founded
- 1958 Minsky founds AI Lab at MIT
- 1958 Warner Bros records formed
- 1958 UNIMATE is first industrial robot
- 1958 colour videotape recording
- 1958 laser invented at Bell Labs
- 1958 integrated circuit
- 1958 cable carries FM radio stations
- 1958 Galbraith's The Affluent Society
- 1958 Bank of America launches first US credit card
- 1958 AT&T markets first modems
- 1959 local ads go on cable TV in the US
- 1959 Xerox's first automatic paper copier
- 1959 "A Mars a day helps you work, rest and play"
- 1959 French SECAM and German PAL television systems
- 1959 first packaged program sold by Computer Science Corporation
- 1959 Advance buys Conde Nast magazine group
- 1959 Axel Springer buys majority of Ullstein AG
- 1959 Grundy Productions founded in Australia
- 1959 Tisch brothers buy Loews cinema chain from MGM
- 1959 US record sales reach US$600m pa
