Mangalia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| County | Constanţa County | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Status | Municipality | ||
| Mayor | Zanfir Iorgus, Social Democratic Party, since 2004 | ||
| Area | 62.26 km² | ||
| Population (2003) | 41,153 | ||
| Density | 657 inh/km² | ||
| Geographical coordinates | |||
| Web site | http://www.mangalia.ro/ | ||
Mangalia (historical names: Callatis, Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara) is a city and a port on the Romanian coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanţa County.
The following resorts are administered by the Mangalia municipality:
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[edit] History
A Greek colony named Callatis was founded in the 4th century BC during the rule of the Macedonian king Amyntas III. Since the 9th century it was known by the Turks as Pangalia, by the Romanians as Tomisovara and by the Greeks as Panglicara and it was one of the most important ports on the west coast of the Black Sea. Mangalia (former Callatis) is the oldest city, continuous inhabitated, on the present territory of Romania.
[edit] Geographical positioning and climate
Mangalia is positioned at 43°49’ latitude and 28°35’ longitude, with an approximate elevation of 10 meters, 44 km S of the municipality of Constanţa, S of the parallel of 44 N, on the same latitude as the French resort of Nice. Mangalia also is the southernmost resort on the Romanian coast of the Black Sea.
Mangalia is characterized by a moderate maritime climate (annual average temperature 11.2°C - one of the highest in Romania) with hot summers (July average over 22°C) and mild winters (January average 0.2°C), Mangalia being the country's second place, after Băile Herculane, with positive average temperatures in wintertime. Spring comes early but is cool and autumn is long and warm. In summer, cloudiness is reduced (about 25 sunny days in a month) and the duration of sunshine is of 10-12 hours a day. Annual precipitation is low (about 400 mm).
The sea breeze is stronger in summer. The natural cure factors are the water of the Black Sea, which is chlorided, sulphated, sodic, magnesian, hypotonic (mineralization 15.5g), the sulphurous, chlorided, bicarbonated, sodic, calcic, mesothermal (21-28°C) mineral waters of the springs in the northern part of the city, in the area of the beach between Saturn and Venus, the sulphurous peat mud, rich in minerals, which is extracted from the peat bog north of the city (expected to last another 250 years) and the marine climate, rich in saline aerosols and solar radiation that have a bracing effect on the organism.
The resort has a large, fine-sand beach developed for purposes of aeroheliotherapy and wave therapy, as well as high seawalls with a specific microclimate where one may benefit from inhalations of saline aerosols having therapeutic effects.
[edit] Tourist attractions
The Scythian tomb discovered in 1959 where archaeologists unearthed fragments of a papyrus in Greek, the first document of this kind in Romania; the incineration tombs (the necropolis of the Callatis citadel, dating back to the 4th-2nd centuries BC); the ruins of the Callatis citadel (6th century BC); the Turkish Mangalia Mosque (16th century); the Archaeology Museum which shelters a rich collection of amphorae and sculptures from the Hellenistic epoch, fragments of stone sarcophagi, etc.
A special place called Killer is found near a meteorological checkpoint. This is a place popular among more bohemian couples, a romantic and spectacular place in winter and summer. The Moon rises with a red colour from the Black Sea at nights in the summer, and in winter at Killer the biggest waves can be found. Actually this is the reason why this place is called Killer: the giant waves that sweep the whole seawall during the winter.
The city has been known in recent years as the place where the largest festival in Romania takes place: Callatis Festival.
[edit] Twin cities
It is twinned with Greenport, a coastal village on Long Island (New York State, USA).
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Constanţa County |
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|---|---|---|
| Municipalities | Constanţa (county seat) | Mangalia | Medgidia | |
| Towns | Basarabi | Băneasa | Cernavodă | Eforie | Hârşova | Năvodari | Negru Vodă | Ovidiu | Techirghiol | |
| Communes |
23 August | Adamclisi | Albeşti | Aliman | Amzacea | Bărăganu | Castelu | Cerchezu | Chirnogeni | Ciobanu | Ciocârlia | Cobadin | Cogealac | Comana | Corbu | Costineşti | Crucea | Cumpăna | Cuza Vodă | Deleni | Dobromir | Dumbrăveni | Fântânele | Gârliciu | Ghindăreşti | Grădina | Horia | Independenţa | Ion Corvin | Istria | Limanu | Lipniţa | Lumina | Mereni | Mihai Viteazu | Mihail Kogălniceanu | Mircea Vodă | Nicolae Bălcescu | Oltina | Ostrov | Pantelimon | Pecineaga | Peştera | Poarta Albă | Rasova | Saligny | Saraiu | Săcele | Seimeni | Siliştea | Târguşor | Topalu | Topraisar | Tortoman | Tuzla | Valu lui Traian | Vulturu |
