Maghrib
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Maghrib (Arabic: مَغْرِب) is the fourth daily salat in Islam, offered at sunset. The word maghrib is an Arabic term for "of the setting (sun)"; from the root "gharaba|غَرَبَ", "to set"; "to be hidden" (but it is not used for the setting of the moon). It is also used in a manner similar to the metaphorical use of "to be eclipsed", which is used in the English language.
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[edit] Maghrib prayer
The Maghrib prayer is the sunset daily prayer performed by practising Muslims. It is the fourth of the five daily prayers (salat). The five daily prayers collectively zack Pillars of Islam]], in Sunni Islam, and one of (the ten) Furoo-ul-deen, according to Shia Islam. It is a 3 rak'ah daily prayer and is prayed aloud. The prayer that follows the Maghrib daily prayer is the Isha'a prayer (night-time daily prayer).
In both types of Islam, the Maghrib daily prayer has three required (Fard) rak'ah. However, in Sunni Islam, two Sunnah rak'ah following the Fard raka'ah are highly recommended. The Maghrib prayer also is the fastest daily prayer Muslims usually shall hold, due to its occupancy of the shortest time period allowed to recite.
Last but not least, the Maghrib prayer indicates the end of the daily Muslim obligatory fasting during the holy month of Ramadan.
[edit] Shia Islam
The time period within which the Maghrib daily prayer must be recited is the following:
- Time begins: once the Sun has completely set beneath the horizon.
- Time ends: at midnight. This is not necessarily at 24:00h; rather it is the time exactly between sunset and the beginning of dawn.
However, it is very important to recite the prayer as soon as the time begins.
[edit] Sunni Islam
The time period within which the Maghrib daily prayer must be recited is the following:
- Time begins: once the Sun has completely set beneath the horizon.
- Time ends: According to the dominant opinions of the Maliki and Shafi'i schools, the prayer time ends as soon as enough time for a person to purify him/herself and pray has passed. After that, according to the Maliki school, the dharoori time (Time of Necessity for those who had a legitimate excuse to miss the prayer during the Prescribed Time) for Maghrib lasts all the way until dawn, i.e. the beginning of Fajr prayer (this is only in the Maliki school). The rest of the scholarly opinions say that the time for Maghrib salat ends when the Isha'a salat begins. However, there is a disgreement amongst Sunni scholars as to when that does occur. According to the Hanafi school, Isha begins when complete darkness has arrived and the white twilight in the sky has disappeared. According to a minority opinion in the Maliki school, the Prescribed time ends when the red thread has disappeared from the sky. And in another opinion of the Shafi'i school, the time completely ends when the red thread has disappeared from the sky. These times can be approximated by using the sun as a measure. When the sun has descended 12 degrees below the horizon, it is approximately equivalent to the disappearance of the red from the sky. For approximating when complete darkness begins, i.e. the disappearance of the white thread from the sky, some astronomers argue that it occurs when the sun has descended 15 degrees below the horizon while others use the more safe number of 18 degrees.
However, it is very important to recite the prayer as soon as the time begins.
