Magellanic Premium
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The Magellanic Premium also known as the Magellanic Gold Medal and Magellanic Prize was established in 1786 through a grant by the grandson of Ferdinand Magellan, Jean-Hyacynthe Magellan. Benjamin Franklin, then President of the American Philosophical Society, accepted it and established the terms of reference under which it would be given. It is awarded irregularly every few years for major contributions in the field of navigation (whether by sea, air, or in space), astronomy, or natural philosophy. In the 215 years since Magellan offered the Premium, the APS has awarded only 32 (as of 2005): twelve for navigation, twelve for natural philosophy, and eight for astronomy. This highly prestigious award arguably serves as a useful companion to the Nobel Prize in that the latter is not awarded directly in any of these fields. The winner's list may be viewed at: http://www.amphilsoc.org/prizes/magellanic.htm.