Louis I, Grand Duke of Baden

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Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden (February 9, 1763-March 30, 1830) became Grand Duke on December 8, 1818, and remained so until his death He was the uncle of his predecessor Karl and when he died, the Zähringen line of the Baden house came to an end. He was succeeded by Leopold.

He secured the continued existence of the University of Freiburg in 1820, and the University has been called Albert-Ludwig University since then. He also founded the Polytechnic Hochschule Karlsruhe in 1825. The Hochschule is the oldest technical Hochschule in Germany.

Ludwig's death in 1830 led to many rumors. His death also meant the death of his line of the Baden family. The succession then went to the children of the morganatic second marriage of Grand Duke Karl Friedrich and Luise Karoline Geyer von Geyersberg. She became Countess of Hochberg in the Austrian nobility at the personal request of Karl Friedrich.

After Ludwig's death, there was also much discussion about Kaspar Hauser. During Kaspar's lifetime there were rumours about his origins, namely that he could have been the heir of Baden (of the House of Baden) who was switched at birth with a dead child.