Loose smut (barley)

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Loose smut of barley is caused by Ustilago nuda.^[1] It is a disease that can destroy a large proportion of a barley crop.

Contents 1 Symptoms 2 Management 3 External links 3.1 Extension publications 3.2 Research articles 4 References

[edit] Symptoms

Loose smut first becomes visible at heading time. Masses of smut spores replace the entire head of plants, except for the rachis. Smutted heads often emerge before healthy heads. Spores are dislodged and scattered by wind soon after emergence. The fungus infects open flowers and becomes established in the embryo of the developing seed. The spore masses look like those of false loose smut, but are lighter in color.

[edit] Management

The presence of loose smut in barley seed can be tested for. To reduce the incidence of this disease it is recommended to grow smut-free seed. Treat seed with effective, registered seed treatments.

[edit] External links

[edit] Extension publications

Australia
Scotland
US: North Dakota
US: Oregon

[edit] Research articles

Thomas, P.L. (1984). "An albino strain of Ustilago nuda from Canada". CJPP 6: 98-100. 

Thomas, P.L. (1984). "Recombination of virulence genes following hybridization between isolates of Ustilago nuda infecting barley under natural conditions". CJPP 6: 101-104. 

Martin, R.A.; L.V. Edgington (1980). "Effect of temperature on efficacy of triadimenol and fenapanil to control loose smut of barley". CJPP 2: 201-204. 

[edit] References

1. ^ Martens, J.W.; W.L. Seaman, T.G. Atkinson (1984). Diseases of field crops in Canada. Canadian Phytopathological Society, 160 pp.