Loggerhead Sea Turtle
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| Caretta caretta Linnaeus, 1758 |
The Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) is a sea turtle and the only member of the genus Caretta. The genus name "Caretta" is a latinization of the French "caret", meaning turtle, tortoise, or sea turtle[1].
It is characterized by a large head with blunt jaws. It is also identifiable by the five scutes along the middle of the carapace. Adults grow to an average weight of about 200 pounds (about 100 kg), and can reach 1m in length. The species feeds on mollusks, crustaceans, fish, and other marine animals, which they crush with their large and powerful jaw. As with other sea turtles, females return to lay their eggs on or near the same beach where they hatched. Unlike other sea turtles, courtship and mating usually do not take place near the nesting beach, but rather along the migration routes between feeding and breeding grounds.
In the mediterranean, Loggerheads mate from late March to early June. The female nesting season is at its peak in June and July, but this depends on the nesting beach. The clutch may vary from 100 to 126 eggs. Each egg is about the size and shape of a ping-pong ball. The average interval between nesting seasons is two to three years.
Loggerheads live most of their life in openwater. They may spend time on the ocean floor. The shore waters are their main foraging habitat.
Most loggerheads that reach adulthood live for longer than 30 years, and can often live past 50 years.
Two subspecies are recognized: Caretta caretta gigas, is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, and C. caretta caretta, the Atlantic loggerhead, also found in the Greek islands of Zakynthos, Kefalonia, Crete and the Peloponese and in Dalyan in southwestern Turkey. (see article; June Haimoff).
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[edit] Conservation
The Loggerhead Sea Turtle was once intensively hunted for their meat and eggs, along with their fat which was used in cosmetics and medication. As a result both subspecies are now internationally protected. Today the main threat to the adult loggerheads lies in the fishing nets of crabfishers, to which many loggerheads annually fall victim. Furthermore, adults are often injured by speedboat propellers and by swallowing fishing hooks or getting caught in nets. Internationally animal protection organizations take pains to monitor and protect the turtles' nesting grounds in Turkey, Greece, Bonaire and Costa Rica. The turtles can also be found around the island of Lampedusa, off the coast of Sicily.
[edit] References
- Marine Turtle Specialist Group (1996). Caretta caretta. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 10 May 2006. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is endangered and the criteria used
- Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection - Endangered, Threatened & Special Concern Reptiles
[edit] See also
- Chelonioidea. The sea turtle superfamily.
[edit] External links
- SWOT Report, volume 2 - Featuring the loggerhead nesting beaches of the world along with the most up-to-date information on the global status of loggerhead populations, conservation and natural history.
- ARKive - images and movies of the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta)
- Loggerhead Sea Turtle
- Katelios Turtle Group, Kefalonia
- Sea Turtle Protection Society of Greece (Archelon)
- Florida Sea Turtle information Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Fish and Wildlife Research Institute
- Tybee Island, GA Sea Turtle Project
 Caretta caretta skull. Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. |
