List of strong chess tournaments
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article depicts many of the strongest international chess tournaments in history.
Contents |
[edit] Introduction
The following list is not intended to be an exhaustive or definitive record of tournament chess, but simply reflects the collective opinion of chess experts and journalists (see references below) over the strongest tournaments in history.
Events that merit inclusion have been largely judged according to the strength (and relative strength in depth) of their participants. Other factors were taken into account, but have less influence; for example the quality of chess played, the closeness of the contest and the number of world top 10 and/or 'big reputation' players that took part. Inevitably, this introduces a degree of subjectivity, but the vast majority of tournaments in the list range from FIDE category 10 to FIDE category 21.
The list comprises only regular open or invitational tournaments with more than 4 players. Competitions such as World Championship finals, Zonals, Interzonals, Candidates Tournaments, National/City Championships and team competitions have been omitted for reasons of consistency and clarity. Of course, had they been included, then many of them, particularly the Soviet Championships, would have featured prominently.
The names of the tournament winners have been included next to the year and venue. Many of the tournaments will have had books written about them and whilst these will be mostly out of print, they are occasionally available at online auction sites, second-hand specialist book shops etc.
No attempt is made at comparing the relative strengths of tournaments in the list, as this is the subject of inconclusive debate amongst experts.
While events are listed in year order, they are not necessarily listed chronologically within the same year.
[edit] Tournaments
- 1851 London Anderssen
- 1857 New York Morphy
- 1862 London Anderssen
- 1866 London Steinitz
- 1867 Dundee Neumann
- 1867 Paris Kolisch
- 1870 Baden-Baden Anderssen
- 1872 London Steinitz
- 1873 Vienna Steinitz
- 1876 Leipzig Anderssen
- 1876 London Blackburne
- 1877 Leipzig Paulsen
- 1878 Paris Zukertort, Winawer
- 1879 Leipzig Englisch
- 1880 Wiesbaden Blackburne, Schwarz, Englisch
- 1880 Brauschweig Paulsen
- 1881 Berlin Blackburne
- 1882 Vienna Steinitz, Winawer
- 1883 London Zukertort
- 1883 Nuremberg Winawer
- 1885 Hamburg Gunsberg
- 1885 Hereford Blackburne
- 1886 London Blackburne
- 1886 Nottingham Burn
- 1887 Frankfurt McKenzie
- 1887 London Burn, Gunsberg
- 1888 Bradford Gunsberg
- 1889 New York Chigorin, Weiss
- 1889 Breslau Tarrasch
- 1890 Manchester Tarrasch
- 1892 Dresden Tarrasch
- 1893 Kiel Walbrodt, Bardeleben
- 1893 New York Em.Lasker
- 1894 New York Steinitz
- 1894 Leipzig Tarrasch
- 1895 Hastings Pillsbury
- 1895 St. Petersburg Em.Lasker
- 1896 Budapest Chigorin, Charousek
- 1896 Nuremberg Em.Lasker
- 1896 Eisenach Barnes
- 1897 Berlin Charousek
- 1897 Vienna Schlechter
- 1898 Cologne Burn
- 1898 Vienna Tarrasch, Pillsbury
- 1899 London Em.Lasker
- 1899 Vienna Maróczy
- 1899 Moscow Chigorin
- 1900 Paris Em.Lasker
- 1900 Munich Maroczy, Pillsbury, Schlechter
- 1900/01 Moscow Chigorin
- 1901 Monte Carlo Janowski
- 1902 Monte Carlo Maroczy
- 1902 Hanover Janowski
- 1903 Monte Carlo Tarrasch
- 1903 Kiev Chigorin
- 1903 Vienna Chigorin
- 1904 Cambridge Springs Marshall
- 1904 Monte Carlo Maroczy
- 1904 Coburg Bardeleben, Schlechter, Swiderski
- 1905 Ostend Maroczy
- 1905 Barmen Janowski, Maroczy
- 1905/06 St. Petersburg Salwe
- 1906 Ostend Schlechter
- 1906 Nuremberg Marshall
- 1907 Carlsbad Rubinstein
- 1907 Ostend Tarrasch
- 1907 Ostend (B) Bernstein, Rubinstein
- 1907/08 Lodz Rubinstein
- 1908 Vienna Duras, Maroczy, Schlechter
- 1908 Prague Duras, Schlechter
- 1908 Düsseldorf Marshall
- 1909 St. Petersburg Em.Lasker, Rubinstein
- 1909 Vilna Rubinstein
- 1909 Göteborg Vidmar
- 1910 Hamburg Schlechter
- 1911 Carlsbad Teichmann
- 1911 San Sebastian Capablanca
- 1912 San Sebastian Rubinstein
- 1912 Bad Pistyan Rubinstein
- 1912 Breslau Rubinstein, Duras
- 1912 Vilna Rubinstein
- 1913 Havana Marshall
- 1913 New York Capablanca
- 1913/14 St. Petersburg Alekhine, Nimzowitsch
- 1914 St. Petersburg Em.Lasker
- 1914 Mannheim Alekhine
- 1915 Triberg Bogoljubov
- 1915 New York Capablanca
- 1916 New York Capablanca
- 1916 Vienna Schlechter
- 1917 Warsaw Rubinstein
- 1918 Berlin Em.Lasker
- 1918 New York Capablanca
- 1919 Hastings Capablanca
- 1920 Göteborg Reti
- 1920 Berlin Breyer
- 1920 Berlin Sämisch
- 1920 Moscow Alekhine
- 1921 Budapest Alekhine
- 1921 The Hague Alekhine
- 1921/22 Hastings Kostić
- 1922 Bad Pistyan Bogoljubov
- 1922 London Capablanca
- 1922 Vienna Rubinstein
- 1922 Teplitz-Schönau Reti, Spielmann
- 1922/23 Hastings Rubinstein
- 1923 Carlsbad Alekhine, Bogoljubov, Maroczy
- 1923 Vienna Tartakower
- 1923 Moravska Ostrava Em.Lasker
- 1923/24 Hastings Euwe
- 1924 New York Em.Lasker
- 1924 Meran Grünfeld
- 1924 Paris Matisons
- 1924/25 Hastings Maroczy
- 1925 Baden-Baden Alekhine
- 1925 Paris Alekhine
- 1925 Moscow Bogoljubov
- 1925 Breslau Bogoljubov
- 1925 Marienbad Rubinstein, Nimzowitsch
- 1925/26 Hastings Alekhine, Vidmar
- 1926 Semmering Spielmann
- 1926 Lake Hopatcong Capablanca
- 1926 Dresden Nimzowitsch
- 1926 Berlin Bogoljubov
- 1926/27 Hastings Tartakower
- 1927 Kecskemet Alekhine
- 1927 London Nimzowitsch, Tartakower
- 1927 Magdeburg Spielmann
- 1927 Bad Homburg Bogoljubov
- 1927 New York Capablanca
- 1927/28 Hastings Tartakower
- 1928 Bad Kissingen Bogoljubov
- 1928 Berlin Capablanca
- 1928 Mar del Plata Grau
- 1928 The Hague Euwe
- 1928/29 Hastings Colle, Marshall, Takacs
- 1929 Carlsbad Nimzowitsch
- 1929 Rogaska Slatina Rubinstein
- 1929 Budapest Capablanca
- 1929/30 Hastings Capablanca
- 1930 San Remo Alekhine
- 1930 Frankfurt Nimzowitsch
- 1930 Stockholm Kashdan
- 1930 Liege Tartakower
- 1930/31 Hastings Euwe
- 1931 Bled Alekhine
- 1931 New York Capablanca
- 1931 Rotterdam Landau
- 1931/32 Hastings Flohr
- 1932 Sliac Flohr, Vidmar
- 1932 London Alekhine
- 1932 Bern Alekhine
- 1932 Pasadena Alekhine
- 1932/33 Hastings Flohr
- 1933 Scheveningen Flohr
- 1933/34 Hastings Flohr
- 1934 Zurich Alekhine
- 1934 Budapest Lilienthal
- 1934 Leningrad Botvinnik
- 1934/35 Hastings Euwe, Flohr, Thomas
- 1935 Barcelona Flohr, Koltanowski
- 1935 Bad Nauheim Bogoljubov
- 1935 Lodz Tartakower
- 1935 Orebro Alekhine
- 1935 Moscow Botvinnik, Flohr
- 1935 Margate Reshevsky
- 1935/36 Hastings Fine
- 1936 Mar del Plata Pleci
- 1936 Margate Flohr
- 1936 Bad Nauheim Alekhine, Keres
- 1936 Zaandvoort Fine
- 1936 Amsterdam Euwe, Fine
- 1936 Dresden Alekhine
- 1936 Moscow Capablanca
- 1936 Nottingham Botvinnik, Capablanca
- 1936 Podebrady Flohr
- 1936/37 Hastings Alekhine
- 1937 Kemeri Flohr, Petrovs, Reshevsky
- 1937 Bad Nauheim - Stuttgart - Garmisch Euwe
- 1937 Moscow Fine
- 1937 Semmering - Baden Keres
- 1937 Margate Fine, Keres
- 1937/38 Hastings Reshevsky
- 1938 AVRO (Amsterdam etc.) Keres, Fine
- 1938 Margate Alekhine
- 1938 Montevideo Alekhine
- 1938 Noordwijk Eliskases
- 1938 Lodz Pirc
- 1938/39 Hastings Szabó
- 1939 Leningrad - Moscow Flohr
- 1939 Kemeri - Riga Flohr
- 1939 Margate Keres
- 1939 Stuttgart Bogoljubov
- 1939 Bournemouth Euwe
- 1939 Buenos Aires Najdorf, Keres
- 1939 Rosario Petrovs
- 1939 Montevideo Alekhine
- 1940 New York Reshevsky
- 1940 Budapest Euwe
- 1940 Krakow/Krynica/Warsaw Bogoljubov, Kohler
- 1941 Mar del Plata Stahlberg
- 1941 Buenos Aires Stahlberg, Najdorf
- 1941 Montevideo Eliskases
- 1941 Munich Stoltz
- 1941 Krakow/Warsaw Alekhine
- 1942 Salzburg Alekhine
- 1942 Munich Alekhine
- 1942 Warsaw/Lublin/Krakow Alekhine
- 1942 Mar del Plata Najdorf
- 1942 Prague Alekhine, Junge
- 1943 Prague Alekhine
- 1943 Salzburg Keres, Alekhine
- 1943 Madrid Keres
- 1943 Sverdlovsk Botvinnik
- 1943 Rio de Janeiro Eliskases
- 1943 Mar del Plata Najdorf
- 1944 Radom Bogoljubov
- 1944 Mar del Plata Pilnik, Najdorf
- 1944 La Plata Najdorf
- 1944 Buenos Aires Czerniak
- 1944 Gijon Alekhine
- 1944/45 Riga Keres
- 1945 Hollywood Reshevsky
- 1945/46 Hastings Tartakower
- 1946 Groningen Botvinnik
- 1946 Regensburg Bogatyrchuk
- 1946 London Steiner
- 1947 Moscow Botvinnik
- 1947 Pärnu Keres
- 1947 Mar del Plata Najdorf
- 1947 Sao Paolo Eliskases
- 1947 Warsaw Gligorić
- 1948 Carlsbad Foltys
- 1949 Heidelberg Unzicker
- 1949 Trencianske Teplice Stahlberg
- 1950 Amsterdam Najdorf
- 1950 Salzbrunn Keres
- 1951 New York Reshevsky
- 1952 Budapest Keres
- 1953 Bucharest Tolush
- 1954/55 Hastings Keres, Smyslov
- 1955 Mar del Plata Ivkov
- 1956 Moscow Botvinnik, Smyslov
- 1957 Dallas Reshevsky, Gligorić
- 1958 Mar del Plata Larsen
- 1959 Moscow Bronstein, Smyslov, Spassky
- 1959 Mar del Plata Najdorf, Pachman
- 1960 Mar del Plata Spassky, Fischer
- 1960 Buenos Aires Korchnoi, Reshevsky
- 1961 Bled Tal
- 1962 Havana Najdorf
- 1963 Los Angeles Keres, Petrosian
- 1963 Havana Korchnoi
- 1964 Belgrade Spassky
- 1964/65 Hastings Keres
- 1965 Yerevan Korchnoi
- 1965 Havana Smyslov
- 1965 Zagreb Ivkov, Uhlmann
- 1965/66 Hastings Spassky, Uhlmann
- 1966 Santa Monica Spassky
- 1966 Moscow Petrosian
- 1967 Beverwijk Spassky
- 1967 Moscow Stein
- 1967 Budva Korchnoi
- 1967 Winnipeg Darga, Larsen
- 1967 Monaco Fischer
- 1967 Skopje Fischer
- 1968 Netanya Fischer
- 1968 Vinkovci Fischer
- 1969 Palma di Mallorca Larsen
- 1969 Netanya Reshevsky
- 1970 Lugano Larsen
- 1970 Rovinj - Zagreb Fischer
- 1970 Buenos Aires Fischer
- 1970 Leiden Spassky
- 1971 Moscow Karpov, Stein
- 1971 Wijk aan Zee Korchnoi
- 1972 San Antonio Portisch
- 1973 Hilversum Szabó, Geller
- 1973 Sochi Tal
- 1973 Netanya Kavalek
- 1974 Montilla Radulov
- 1974 Manila Vasiukov
- 1975 Wijk aan Zee Portisch
- 1975 Montilla Polugaevsky, Radulov
- 1975 Moscow Geller
- 1975 Portorož - Ljubljana Karpov
- 1975 Milan Portisch
- 1975 Teesside Geller
- 1975 Manila Ljubojevic
- 1976 Wijk aan Zee Ljubojevic, Olafsson
- 1976 Amsterdam Karpov
- 1977 Bad Lauterberg Karpov
- 1977 Geneva Larsen
- 1977 Leningrad Romanishin, Tal
- 1977 Portorož - Ljubljana Larsen
- 1977 Tilburg Karpov
- 1978 Bugojno Karpov, Spassky
- 1978 Niksic Gulko, Timman
- 1978 Tilburg Portisch
- 1978 Wijk aan Zee Portisch
- 1978 Amsterdam Timman
- 1979 Montreal Karpov, Tal
- 1979 Tilburg Karpov
- 1979 Wijk aan Zee Polugaevsky
- 1979 South Africa (Durban, Pretoria etc.) Korchnoi
- 1979 Bled - Portorož Timman
- 1979 Waddinxveen Karpov
- 1979 Amsterdam Hort, Sax
- 1980 Amsterdam Karpov
- 1980 Bad Kissingen Karpov
- 1980 Buenos Aires Larsen
- 1980 Bugojno Karpov
- 1980 London Andersson, Korchnoi, Miles
- 1980 Vrbas Miles
- 1980 Baden Spassky, Beliavsky
- 1980 Tilburg Karpov
- 1980 Puerto Madryn Miles, Ljubojevic
- 1981 Wijk aan Zee Sosonko, Timman
- 1981 Amsterdam Timman
- 1981 Bad Kissingen Korchnoi
- 1981 Las Palmas Timman
- 1981 Linares Christiansen, Karpov
- 1981 Moscow Karpov
- 1981 Tilburg Beliavsky
- 1981 Johannesburg Andersson
- 1982 Bugojno Kasparov
- 1982 London Andersson, Karpov
- 1982 Sochi Tal
- 1982 Wijk aan Zee Balashov, Nunn
- 1982 Chicago Hübner
- 1982 Mar del Plata Timman
- 1982 Tilburg Karpov
- 1982 Turin Andersson, Karpov
- 1983 Linares Spassky
- 1983 Wijk aan Zee Andersson
- 1983 Niksic Kasparov
- 1983 Gjovik Nunn, Adorján, Browne
- 1983 Tilburg Karpov
- 1984 Oslo Karpov
- 1984 Novi Sad Nikolic
- 1984 Wijk aan Zee Beliavsky, Korchnoi
- 1984 Bugojno Timman
- 1984 London Karpov
- 1984 Sarajevo Korchnoi, Timman
- 1984 Titograd Velimirovic, Korchnoi
- 1984 Tilburg Miles
- 1985 Amsterdam Karpov
- 1985 Portorož - Ljubljana Portisch, Ribli, Miles
- 1985 Reggio Emilia Portisch
- 1985 Linares Hübner, Ljubojevic
- 1985 Tilburg Hübner, Korchnoi, Miles
- 1985 Wijk aan Zee Timman
- 1985 Moscow Romanishin
- 1985 Naestved Vaganian, Browne, Larsen
- 1986 Brussels Karpov
- 1986 Reggio Emilia (1) Andersson, Ljubojevic, Romanishin
- 1986 Reggio Emilia (2) Ribli
- 1986 Bugojno Karpov
- 1986 Wijk aan Zee Short
- 1986 Tilburg Beliavsky
- 1986 London Flear
- 1987 Belgrade Ljubojevic
- 1987 Brussels Kasparov, Ljubojevic
- 1987 Tilburg Timman
- 1987 Reykjavik Short
- 1987 Amsterdam Karpov, Timman
- 1988 Belfort (World Cup) Kasparov
- 1988 Brussels WC Karpov
- 1988 Reykjavik WC Kasparov
- 1989 Barcelona WC Kasparov, Ljubojevic
- 1989 Linares Ivanchuk
- 1989 Reggio Emilia Ehlvest
- 1989 Rotterdam WC Timman
- 1989 Skelleftea WC Karpov, Kasparov
- 1989 Tilburg Kasparov
- 1990 Linares Kasparov
- 1990 Tilburg Ivanchuk, Kamsky
- 1991 Amsterdam Salov, Short
- 1991 Linares Ivanchuk
- 1991 Reggio Emilia (1) Anand
- 1991 Reggio Emilia (2) Karpov
- 1991 Reykjavik Ivanchuk, Karpov
- 1991 Tilburg Kasparov
- 1992 Biel Karpov
- 1992 Dortmund Ivanchuk, Kasparov
- 1992 Linares Kasparov
- 1992 Moscow Anand, Gelfand
- 1993 Amsterdam Anand, Kramnik, Short
- 1993 Belgrade Beliavsky
- 1993 Dortmund Karpov
- 1993 Las Palmas Morovic
- 1993 Linares Kasparov
- 1993 Munich Shirov
- 1994 Amsterdam Kasparov
- 1994 Buenos Aires Salov
- 1994 Las Palmas Kamsky
- 1994 Linares Karpov
- 1994 Novgorod Ivanchuk, Kasparov
- 1995 Amsterdam Lautier
- 1995 Dortmund Kramnik
- 1995 Dos Hermanas Adams, Kamsky, Karpov
- 1995 Linares Ivanchuk
- 1995 Novgorod Kasparov
- 1995 Riga Kasparov
- 1996 Amsterdam Kasparov, Topalov
- 1996 Dortmund Anand, Kramnik
- 1996 Dos Hermanas Kramnik, Topalov
- 1996 Las Palmas Kasparov
- 1996 Leon Polgar J., Topalov
- 1996 Madrid Illescas Cordoba, Topalov
- 1996 Novgorod Topalov
- 1996 Pärnu Short
- 1996 Vienna Gelfand, Karpov, Topalov
- 1996 Wijk aan Zee Ivanchuk
- 1997 Belgrade Anand, Ivanchuk
- 1997 Biel Anand
- 1997 Dortmund Kramnik
- 1997 Dos Hermanas Anand, Kramnik
- 1997 Linares Kasparov
- 1997 Madrid Shirov, Topalov
- 1997 Novgorod Kasparov
- 1997 Ter Apel Shirov
- 1997 Tilburg Kasparov, Kramnik, Svidler
- 1998 Dortmund Adams, Kramnik, Svidler
- 1998 Linares Anand
- 1998 Madrid Anand
- 1998 Polanica Zdroj Gelfand
- 1998 Tilburg Anand
- 1998 Wijk aan Zee Anand, Kramnik
- 1999 Dortmund Leko
- 1999 Dos Hermanas Adams
- 1999 Linares Kasparov
- 1999 Sarajevo Kasparov
- 1999 Wijk aan Zee Kasparov
- 2000 Dortmund Anand, Kramnik
- 2000 Linares Kasparov, Kramnik
- 2000 Lvov Ivanchuk
- 2000 Merida Shirov
- 2000 Montecatini Terme Ivanchuk
- 2000 Polanica Zdroj Gelfand
- 2000 Sarajevo Kasparov
- 2000 Wijk aan Zee Kasparov
- 2001 Astana Kasparov
- 2001 Dortmund Kramnik, Topalov
- 2001 Linares Kasparov
- 2001 Merida Anand
- 2001 Wijk aan Zee Kasparov
- 2002 Cannes Gelfand, Topalov
- 2002 Linares Kasparov
- 2002 Wijk aan Zee Bareev
- 2003 Budapest Short
- 2003 Dortmund Bologan
- 2003 Enghien les Bains Bareev
- 2003 Hoogeveen Polgar, J.
- 2003 Linares Kramnik, Leko
- 2003 Wijk aan Zee Anand
- 2004 Biel Morozevich
- 2004 Dortmund Anand
- 2004 Linares Kramnik
- 2004 Poikovsky Grischuk, Rublevsky
- 2004 Wijk aan Zee Anand
- 2005 Bermuda Gelfand, Harikrishna
- 2005 Dortmund Naiditsch
- 2005 Linares Kasparov, Topalov
- 2005 Moscow Rublevsky
- 2005 Poikovsky Bacrot, Bologan
- 2005 Sofia Topalov
- 2005 Stepanakert - Karabakh Aronian
- 2005 Wijk aan Zee Leko
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Sunnucks, Anne (1970). The Encyclopaedia of Chess. St. Martin's. ISBN 0709110308.
- Kenneth Whyld (1986). Guinness Chess, The Records. Guinness Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0-85112-455-0.
- Litmanowicz, Władysław & Giżycki, Jerzy (1986, 1987). Szachy od A do Z. Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka Warszawa. ISBN 83-217-2481-7 (1. A-M), ISBN 83-217-2745-x (2. N-Z).
- British Chess Magazine (January 1978) - Your Hundred Best Chess Tournaments To 1960 (by Ken Whyld)
- British Chess Magazine (August 1979) - Reflections on Montreal (by Raymond Keene)
- British Chess Magazine (November 1987) - The 'Super-tournaments' in chess history (by Romelio Milian Gonzalez)
- Chessbase cd product review
- A.J.Goldsby Chess Pages
- G. Giffen chess pages - see 'Strongest Tournaments' link at top of page.
- Roger Paige's Chess Site
- Mark Weeks' About.com Chess Guide
- Chessmetrics.com
