List of plants for Biblical gardens
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These plants were grown in Biblical times:
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
- Abraham's Bush (Vitex agnus-castus L.; Lamiaceae) - Exodus 3:1
- Acacia, Spirale (Acacia raddiana Savi) - Exodus 25:10
- Acacia, Negev (Acacia gerrardii Bentham subsp. negevensis) - Exodus 37:17
- Algum Tree (Juniperus excelsa) - 1 Kings 10:11
- Almond (Prunus dulcis)
- Almug Tree (Trerocarpus santalimus)
- Aloe (Aquilaria agallocha) - Proverbs 7:17
- Aloe (Aloe succotrina) - Proverbs 7:17
- Anemone (Anemone coronaria L.; Ranunculaceae) - Mathew 6:28
- Anise (Dill) (Anethum graveolens) - Exodus 30:34
- Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)
- Barley (Hordeum spp.) - Numbers 5:15
- Bdellium (Commiphora africana) - umbers 11:7
- Beans (Vicia faba) - Ezekiel 4:9
- Box tree (Boxus sempervirens) - Isaiah 41:19
- Boxthorn (Lycium europaeum L.) - Proverbs 22:5
- Bramble (Rubus ulmifolius) - Judges 9:15
- Broom, Spiny (Calycotome villosa (Poiret) Link) - Psalm 120:4
- Broom, White (Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb) - Psalm 120:4
- Broom, Yellow (Spartium junceum L.) - Psalms 120:4
- Bulrush (Typha spp.) or Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) - Exodus 2:3
- Burning Bush (Loranthus acaciae) - Exodus 3:1, 2
- Caper, Desire (Capparis spinosa L.) - 1 Kings 4:33
- Camphire (Lawsonia inermis)
- Cannabis - Kil'ayim 2:5, 5:8, 9:7
- Carob or Locust (Ceratonia siliqua) - Luke 15:16; Matthew 3:1
- Cassia (Cinnamomum cassia) - Psalms 45:8
- Castor Oil Tree (Jonah's Gourd) - (Ricinus communis L.) - Jonah 4:
- Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani Loud.)- 1 Kings 5:10, 2 Kings 19:23
- Chamomile (several species) - Isaiah 40:6
- Chestnut (Plane Tree) (Platanus orientalis L.) - Luke 17:5
- Chicory (Cichorium spp.) - Numbers 9:9
- Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) - Proverbs 7:17
- Citron (Etrog) (Citrus medica L.)
- Cockle (Agrostemma gitago) - Isaiah 28:23
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) - Exodus 16:31
- Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) - Esther 1:5
- Crocus (Crocus sativus) - Song of Solomon 4:13
- Crown Daisy (Chrysanthemum sp.) - Isaiah 40:6
- Crown of Thorns (Paliurus spina-christi) - Mark 15:15
- Cucumber (Cucumis melo) - Numbers 11:5
- Cumin (Cumimum cyminum)- Isaiah 28:27
- Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) - Isaiah 44:14
- Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) - John 12:13
- Dill (Anethum graveolens) - Exodus 30:34
- Dove's Dung (Ornithogalum narbonense) - 2 Kings 6:25
- Fig (Ficus carica L.) - Joel 1:7
- Fitches (Black Cumin) (Nigella sativa) - Isaiah 28:23
- Flax (Linum usitatissimum) - Proverbs 31:13
- Flowers - 1 Kings 7:26:
- Frankincense (Boswellia thurifers) - Matthew 2:10, 11
- Galbanum - Fennel (Ferula galbaniflua) - Matthew 23:23
- Gall (Papaver somniferum) - Lamentations 3:19
- Garlick /Garlic (Allium sativum) - Numbers 11:5
- Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) - Genesis 9:20
- Hemlock (Conium maculatum) - Amos 6:12
- Henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) - Song of Solomon 1:14
- Hyssop - Leviticus 14:52
- Incense (Boswellia sacra) - Hosea 4:13
- Judas Tree (Cercis siliquastrum) - Matthew 27:3
- Jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf) - Matthew 27:3
- Leeks (Allium porrum) - Numbers 11:5
- Lentils (Lens esculenta) - 2 Samuel 17:28
- Lily (Iris palaestina) - 1 Kings 7:22
- Lily Sand (Pancratium maritimum L.) - 1 Kings 7:19
- Linen (Linum usitatissimum) - Exodus 35:25
- Mallow (Atriplex halimus L.) Job 30:4
- Mandrake (Mandragora autumnalis) Bertol) - Genesis 30:15
- Manna (Alhagi camelorum) - Numbers 11:7
- Marjorum (Origanum majorana) Leviticus 14:4
- Mint - Matthew 23:23
- Mulberry, Black (Morus nigra L.) - Luke 17:5
- Mustard (Brassica nigra) Matthew 13:31
- Myrrh (Possible) - (Commiphora abyssinica Engl.) - Song of Solomon 4:6
- Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Isaiah 55:13
- Nard (Nardosyachys jatamansi) - Song of Solomon 4:13
- Nettles (Acanthus spinosus) - Song of Solomon 4:14
- Nigella (Nigella sp.) - Isaiah 28:26
- Nuts/Pistachio - (Pistacia vera L.) - Song of Solomon 6:11
- Nuts/Walnut (Juglans regia L.) - Song of Solomon 6:11
- Oak (Quercus calliprinos Webb) - Joshua 24:26
- Oak (Quercus ithaburensis Decaisne) - Joshua 24:26
- Oak (Valonia Oak) (Quercus aegilips) - Genesis 35:8
- Olive (Olea europaea) - Judges 9:9
- Onion (Allium cepa) - Numbers 11:5
- Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) - Song of Solomon 7:8
- Jerusalem Pine (Pinus halepensis) - 1 Kings 5:10, 9:11; Isaiah 41:19
- Pine -
- Pine Tree (Abies cilicica) - 1 Kings
- Plane Tree (Platanus orientalis L.) - Ezekiel 31:8
- Pomegranate - Song of Solomon 7:12
- Poplar White - Psalms 137:2
- Reed - Ezekiel 40:
- Rie (Rye) - Isaiah 28:25
- Rockrose Pink - Genesis 43:
- Rockrose White - Genesis 43:11
- Rose Wild (Dog Rose) - Song of Solomon 2:1
- Rue - Luke 11:42
- Rush - Isaiah 9:14
- Saffron - Song of Solomon 4:14
- Sage - (Salvia sp.) - Exodus 37:17
- Sage Land of Israel - (Salvia palaestina Bentham) - Exodus 37:17
- Sage Pungent - (Salvia dominica L.) - Exodus 37:17
- Sage Three-Leafed (Salvia fruticosa Miller) - Exodus 37:17
- Sage Jerusalem (Salvia hierosolymitana Boiss) - Exodus 37:17
- Sage Judean (Salvia judaica Boiss) - Exodus 37:17
- Scarlet (Oak) - Leviticus 14:48
- Spices (Astrangalus tragacantha) - 2 Chronicles 9:1
- Spikenard - Song of Solomon 4:14
- Stacte or Storax (Styrax officinalis L.) - Exodus 30:34
- Star of Bethlehem (Ornithogalum narbonense) - 2 Kings 6:25
- Sweet Cane (Saccharum officinarum) - Jeremiah 6:20
- Sweet Flag or Aromatic Cane (Acorus sp.) - Isaiah 43:23
- Sycamine (Mulberry) (Morus sp.) - Luke 17:5
- Tamarisk - Genesis 21:33
- Tares - Matthew 13:24
- Terebinth (Pistacia palaestina Boiss) - 2 Samuel 18:9
- Thistle Golden - 2 Chronicles 25:18
- Thistles - Job 31:40
- Thorns - Jeremiah 4:3
- Thyine wood - (Tetraclinis articulata) - Revelations 18:12
- Timber - 2 Kings 12:12
- Tulip Sharon - Song of Solomon 2:1
- Vine - Grape (Vitis vinifera) - Isaiah 5:1
- Walnut - (Juglans regia) - Genesis 43:11
- Wheat - Ezra 7:22
- Willows - Job 40:22
- Wine - Proverbs 4:17
- Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) - Revelations 8:10
- Wreath - 1 Corinthians 9:25
[edit] References
- POST, G.E. Bible Dictionary Contributions
- ZOHARY, M. (1982) Plants of the Bible. New York: Cambridge University Press.