- Deathstars, Cybergoth Industrial Metal group
- Jan Eliasson, Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Ace of Base, pop group
- Daniel Alfredsson, captain and MVP of the NHL's Ottawa Senators
- Arvid Carlsson, winner of the Nobel Prize in medicine (2000)
- Sir William Chambers (1723-1796), Scottish architect
- William Chalmers (1748-1811), manager of the Swedish East India Company and founder of Chalmers University of Technology
- Ulf Dageby, rock musician
- Mikkey Dee, heavy metal drummer
- In Flames, melodic death metal group
- Gunilla Florby, English lit. professor
- Gunnar Gren, footballer, part of the Milan Gre-No-Li and 1958 FIFA World Cup runners-up squad
- Bengt Hallberg, jazz pianist
- Hammerfall, power metal group
- Håkan Hellström, singer-songwriter
- Zeth Höglund, founder of the Swedish communist movement
- Jan Johansson, jazz pianist
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- Ingemar Johansson, boxer and World Heavyweight Champion in 1959
- Torbjörn Nilsson, former IFK Göteborg football player, part of the 1982 UEFA Cup winning team
- Christian Olsson (born 1980), triple jump gold medalist in the 2004 Summer Olympics
- Elena Paparizou, Greek singer, winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2005
- Laleh Pourkarim, Persian-Swedish singer-song-writer
- Marcus Samuelsson, renowned chef
- Jonas Svensson, professional tennis player
- Dark Tranquillity, melodic death metal group
- Daniel Wahlgren (Papa Dee), musician
- Soilwork, melodic death metal group
- Arch Enemy, melodic death metal group
- Evert Taube,author, artist, composer and singer
- Jens Lekman, singer-songwriter
- The Similou, electronic music group
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