List of natural satellites

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This is a list of known natural satellites in the Solar system, arranged by primary:

Contents

[edit] Mercury and Venus

The two innermost planets have no natural satellites.

[edit] Earth

Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Earth Moon
3476.2 384 401 +27.321 661 55 prehistoric none

[edit] Mars

Main article: Mars' natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Mars Phobos
22.2
(26.8×21×18.4)		 9377 7.66 h 1877 Hall
Mars Deimos
12.6
(15×12×10.4)		 23 460 1.264 583 1877

[edit] Jupiter

Main article: Jupiter's natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Jupiter I Io
3642.6
(3660.0×3637.4×3630.6)		 421 700 +1.769 137 786 1610 Galileo Main group moon (Galilean)
Jupiter II Europa
3121.6 671 034 +3.551 181 041 1610
Jupiter III Ganymede
5262.4 1 070 412 +7.154 552 96 1610
Jupiter IV Callisto
4820.6 1 882 709 +16.689 018 4 1610
Jupiter V Amalthea
181
(262×146×134)		 181 170 +11h 57m 22.67s 1892 Barnard Inner moon (Amalthea)
Jupiter VI Himalia 170 11 451 971 +250.37 1904 Perrine Prograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter VII Elara 86 11 778 034 +261.14 1905
Jupiter VIII Pasiphaë 60 23 609 042 -741.09 1908 Melotte Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter IX Sinope 38 24 057 865 -762.33 1914 Nicholson
Jupiter X Lysithea 36 11 740 560 +259.89 1938 Prograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter XI Carme 46 23 197 992 -721.82 1938 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XII Ananke 28 21 454 952 -642.02 1951 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XIII Leda 20 11 187 781 +241.75 1974 Kowal Prograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter XIV Thebe
96
(110×90)		 221 700 +16h 11m 17s 1980 Synnott (Voyager 1) Inner moon (Amalthea)
Jupiter XV Adrastea
20
(26×20×16)		 128 690 +7h 9m 30s 1979 Jewitt, Danielson (Voyager 1)
Jupiter XVI Metis
43 127 690 +7h 4m 29s 1980 Synnott (Voyager 1)
Jupiter XVII Callirrhoe 9 23 214 986 -722.62 2000 Scotti, Spahr, McMillan, Larsen, Montani, Gleason, Gehrels Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XVIII Themisto 8 7 393 216 +129.87 2000 Kowal; Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier Prograde irregular
Jupiter XIX Megaclite 5 24 687 239 -792.44 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XX Taygete 5 22 438 648 -686.67 2001 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XXI Chaldene 4 22 713 444 -699.33 2001
Jupiter XXII Harpalyke 4 21 063 814 -624.54 2001 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XXIII Kalyke 5 23 180 773 -721.02 2001 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XXIV Iocaste 5 20 722 566 -609.43 2001 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XXV Erinome 3 22 986 266 -711.96 2001 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XXVI Isonoe 4 23 800 647 -750.13 2001
Jupiter XXVII Praxidike 7 20 823 948 -613.90 2001 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XXVIII Autonoe 4 24 264 445 -772.17 2002 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XXIX Thyone 4 21 405 570 -639.80 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XXX Hermippe 4 21 182 086 -629.81 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke?)
Jupiter XXXI Aitne 3 22 285 161 -679.64 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XXXII Eurydome 3 23 230 858 -723.36 2002 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae?)
Jupiter XXXIII Euanthe 3 20 464 854 -598.09 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XXXIV Euporie 2 19 088 434 -538.78 2002
Jupiter XXXV Orthosie 2 20 567 971 -602.62 2002
Jupiter XXXVI Sponde 2 24 252 627 -771.60 2002 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XXXVII Kale 2 22 409 207 -685.32 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XXXVIII Pasithee 2 23 307 318 -726.93 2002
Jupiter XXXIX Hegemone 3 23 702 511 -745.50 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XL Mneme 2 21 129 786 -627.48 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XLI Aoede 4 23 044 175 -714.66 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XLII Thelxinoe 2 20 453 753 -597.61 2004 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XLIII Arche 3 23 717 051 -746.19 2002 Sheppard, Meech, Hsieh, Tholen, Tonry Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XLIV Kallichore 2 23 111 823 -717.81 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández Retrograde irregular (Carme?)
Jupiter XLV Helike 4 20 540 266 -601.40 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter XLVI Carpo 3 17 144 873 +458.62 2003 Sheppard, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen, Jewitt, Kleyna Prograde irregular
Jupiter XLVII Eukelade 4 23 483 694 -735.20 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter XLVIII Cyllene 2 23 396 269 -731.10 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter XLIX Kore 2 23 345 093 -776.02 2003
Jupiter S/2000 J 11 4 12 570 424 +287.93 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Prograde irregular
Jupiter S/2003 J 2 2 30 290 846 -1077.02 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh Retrograde irregular
Jupiter S/2003 J 3 2 19 621 780 -561.52 2003 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter S/2003 J 4 2 23 570 790 -739.29 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter S/2003 J 5 4 23 973 926 -758.34 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter S/2003 J 9 1 23 857 808 -752.84 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández
Jupiter S/2003 J 10 2 22 730 813 -700.13 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae?)
Jupiter S/2003 J 12 1 17 739 539 -482.69 2003 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter S/2003 J 15 2 22 720 999 -699.68 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández Retrograde irregular (Ananke?)
Jupiter S/2003 J 16 2 20 743 779 -610.36 2003 Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter S/2003 J 17 2 22 134 306 -672.75 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter S/2003 J 18 2 19 812 577 -569.73 2003 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter S/2003 J 19 2 22 709 061 -699.12 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter S/2003 J 23 2 22 739 654 -700.54 2004 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)

[edit] Saturn

Main article: Saturn's natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Saturn I Mimas
397
(415 × 394 × 381)		 185,404 +0.942422 1789 Herschel Main group moon
Saturn II Enceladus
504
(513 × 503 × 497)		 237,950 +1.370218 1789
Saturn III Tethys
1066
(1081 × 1062 × 1055)		 294,619 +1.887802 1684 Cassini
Saturn IV Dione
1123
(1128 × 1122 × 1121)		 377,396 +2.736915 1684
Saturn V Rhea
1529
(1535 × 1525 × 1526)		 527 108 +4.518 212 1672
Saturn VI Titan
5151 1,221,930 +15.945 42 1655 Huygens
Saturn VII Hyperion
292
(360 × 280 × 225)		 1 481 010 +21.27661 1848 Bond, Bond, and Lassell
Saturn VIII Iapetus
1472
(1494 × 1498 × 1425)		 3 560 820 +79.3215 1671 Cassini
Saturn IX Phoebe
220
(230 × 220 × 210)		 12 869 700 -545.09 1899 Pickering Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn X Janus
179
(193 × 173 × 137)		 151,472 +0.69466 1966 Dollfus; Voyager 1 Inner moon (co-orbital)
Saturn XI Epimetheus 113
(135 × 108 × 105)		 151,422 +0.69433 1980 Walker; Voyager 1
Saturn XII Helene
33
(36 × 32 × 30)		 377,396 +2.736915 1980 Laques, Lecacheux Main group trojan
Saturn XIII Telesto
24
(29 × 22 × 20)		 294,619 +1.887802 1980 Smith, Reitsema, Larson, Fountain (Voyager 1)
Saturn XIV Calypso
21
(30 × 23 × 14)		 294,619 +1.887802 1980 Pascu, Seidelmann, Baum, Currie
Saturn XV Atlas
31
(46 × 38 × 19)		 137,670 +0.60169 1980 Terrile (Voyager 1) Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn XVI Prometheus
86
(119 × 87 × 61)		 139,380 +0.61299 1980 Collins (Voyager 1)
Saturn XVII Pandora
81
(103 × 80 × 64)		 141,720 +0.62850 1980
Saturn XVIII Pan
30
(35 × 35 × 23)		 133 584 +0.57505 1990 Showalter (Voyager 2)
Saturn XIX Ymir ~18 22 429 673 -1254.15 2000 Gladman Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XX Paaliaq ~22 15 103 400 +692.98 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit)
Saturn XXI Tarvos ~15 18 562 800 +944.23 2000 Gladman, Kavelaars Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn XXII Ijiraq ~12 11 355 316 +451.77 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit)
Saturn XXIII Suttungr ~7 19 579 000 -1022.82 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXIV Kiviuq ~16 11 294 800 +448.16 2000 Gladman Prograde irregular (Inuit)
Saturn XXV Mundilfari ~7 18 725 800 -956.70 2000 Gladman, Kavelaars Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXVI Albiorix ~32 16 266 700 +774.58 2000 Holman, Spahr Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn XXVII Skathi ~8 15 672 500 -732.52 2000 Gladman, Kavelaars Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXVIII Erriapo ~10 17 236 900 +844.89 2000 Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn XXIX Siarnaq ~40 17 776 600 +884.88 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit)
Saturn XXX Thrymr ~7 20 278 100 -1078.09 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXXI Narvi ~7 19 395 200 -1008.45 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna
Saturn XXXII Methone
3 194,440 +1.00957 2004 Porco, Charnoz, Brahic, Dones (Cassini-Huygens) Main group moon
Saturn XXXIII Pallene
4 212,280 +1.15375 2004 Gordon, Murray and Beurle; Porco, Charnoz, Brahic, Dones (Cassini-Huygens) Main group moon
Saturn XXXIV Polydeuces
3.5 377,396 +2.736915 2004 Porco et al. (Cassini-Huygens) Main group trojan
Saturn XXXV Daphnis
6 − 8 136,505 +0.59408 2005 Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn XXXVI Aegir ~6 20 482 900 -1094.46 2004 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXXVII Bebhionn ~6 17 153 520 +838.77 2004 Prograde irregular (Inuit)
Saturn XXXVIII Bergelmir ~6 19 104 000 -985.83 2004 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn XXXIX Bestla ~7 20 570 000 -1101.45 2004
Saturn XL Farbauti ~5 19 984 800 -1054.78 2004
Saturn XLI Fenrir ~4 21 930 644 -1212.53 2004
Saturn XLII Fornjot ~6 24 504 879 -1432.16 2004
Saturn XLIII Hati ~6 19 709 300 -1033.05 2004
Saturn XLIV Hyrokkin ~8 18 168 300 -914.29 2006 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna
Saturn XLV Kari ~7 22 321 200 -1245.06 2006
Saturn XLVI Loge ~6 22 984 322 -1300.95 2006
Saturn XLVII Skoll ~6 17 473 800 -862.37 2006
Saturn XLVIII Surtur ~6 22 288 916 -1242.36 2006
Saturn S/2004 S 3
~3−5 ~140,300 ~ +0.62 2004 Murray, Porco et al. (Cassini-Huygens) Inner moon (uncertain)
Saturn S/2004 S 4 ~3−5 ~140,100 2004 Spitale, Porco et al. (Cassini-Huygens) Inner moon (uncertain)
Saturn S/2004 S 6
~3−5 140,130 2004 Porco et al. (Cassini-Huygens) Inner moon (uncertain)
Saturn S/2004 S 7 ~6 20 576 700 -1101.99 2004 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn S/2004 S 12 ~5 19 905 900 -1048.54 2004
Saturn S/2004 S 13 ~6 18 056 300 -905.85 2004
Saturn S/2004 S 17 ~4 19 099 200 -985.45 2004
Saturn S/2006 S 1 ~6 18 930 200 -972.41 2006 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna
Saturn S/2006 S 3 ~6 21 076 300 -1142.37 2006
Saturn S/2006 S 4 ~6 18 065 700 -906.56 2006
Saturn S/2006 S 6 ~6 18 556 900 -943.78 2006

[edit] Uranus

Main article: Uranus' natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Uranus I Ariel
1157.8 ± 1.2 191,020 2.520379 1851 Lassell Main group moon
Uranus II Umbriel
1169.4 ± 5.6 266,300 4.144177 1851
Uranus III Titania
1577.8 ± 3.6 435 910 8.705 872 1787 Herschel
Uranus IV Oberon
1522.8 ± 5.2 583 520 13.463239 1787
Uranus V Miranda
471.6 ± 1.4 129,390 1.413479 1948 Kuiper
Uranus VI Cordelia 40 ± 6 49,770 0.335034 1986 Terrile (Voyager 2) Inner moon (shepherd)
Uranus VII Ophelia 43 ± 8 53,790 0.376400 1986
Uranus VIII Bianca 51 ± 4 59,170 0.434579 1986 Smith (Voyager 2) Inner moon
Uranus IX Cressida 80 ± 4 61,780 0.463570 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus X Desdemona 64 ± 8 62,680 0.473650 1986
Uranus XI Juliet 94 ± 8 64 350 0.493065 1986
Uranus XII Portia 135 ± 8 66,090 0.513196 1986
Uranus XIII Rosalind 72 ± 12 69,940 0.558460 1986
Uranus XIV Belinda 81 ± 16 75,260 0.623527 1986
Uranus XV Puck
162 ± 4 86,010 0.761833 1985
Uranus XVI Caliban ~ 98 7 231 000 -579.39 1997 Gladman, Nicholson, Burns, Kavelaars Retrograde irregular
Uranus XVII Sycorax ~ 190 12,179,000 -1285.62** 1997
Uranus XVIII Prospero ~ 30 16,256,000 -1962.95 1999 Gladman, Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, Scholl
Uranus XIX Setebos ~ 30 17,418,000 -2196.35 1999
Uranus XX Stephano ~ 20 8,004,000 -677.48 1999
Uranus XXI Trinculo ~ 10 8,504,000 -748.83 2001 Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic
Uranus XXII Francisco ~ 12 4,276,000 -267.12 2001 Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic, Gladman
Uranus XXIII Margaret ~ 11 14,345,000 +1654.32 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt Prograde irregular
Uranus XXIV Ferdinand ~ 12 20,901,000 -2805.51 2001 Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic; Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt Retrograde irregular
Uranus XXV Perdita ~ 26.6 76,420 0.638 1986 Karkoschka (Voyager 2) Inner moon
Uranus XXVI Mab ~ 24.8 97,734 0.923 2003 Showalter, Lissauer
Uranus XXVII Cupid ~ 17.8 74,800 0.618 2003

[edit] Neptune

Main article: Neptune's natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Neptune I Triton
2707 354 800 -5.877 1846 Lassell Main group moon (retrograde)
Neptune II Nereid
340 5 513 400 360.14 1949 Kuiper Prograde irregular
Neptune III Naiad 67
(96×60×52)		 48,227 0.294 1989 Terrile (Voyager 2) Inner moon
Neptune IV Thalassa 83
(108×100×52)		 50,075 0.311 1989
Neptune V Despina 152
(180×150×130)		 52,526 0.335 1989 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Neptune VI Galatea 175
(204×184×144)		 61,953 0.429 1989
Neptune VII Larissa
195
(216×204×164)		 73 548 0.555 1989 Reitsema, Hubbard, Lebofsky, Tholen (Voyager 2)
Neptune VIII Proteus
418
(436 × 416 × 402)		 117,647 1.122 1989 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Neptune IX Halimede 60 15,728,000 -1879.71 2003 Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic Retrograde irregular
Neptune X Psamathe 28 46,695,000 -9115.91 2003 Jewitt, Kleyna, Sheppard, Holman, Kavelaars
Neptune XI Sao 38 22,422,000 2914.07 2003 Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic Prograde irregular
Neptune XII Laomedeia 38 23,571,000 3167.85 2003
Neptune XIII Neso 60 48,387,000 -9373.99 2003 Retrograde irregular

[edit] Pluto

Main article: Pluto's natural satellites
Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Pluto I Charon
1207±3 19 571 ± 4 6.387230 1978 Christy
Pluto II Nix 44-130 48 675 24.856 2005 Weaver, Stern, Mutchler, Steffl, Buie, Merline,
Spencer, Young, Young
Pluto III Hydra 44-130 64 780 38.206 2005

[edit] Eris

Primary and numeral Name Image Diameter
(km)		 Semi-major axis
(km)		 Orbital period
(d)		 Discovery Discovered by Notes
Eris I Dysnomia 350±50 30 000-36 000 ~14 2005 Brown, van Dam, Bouchez, Le Mignant, Campbell, Chin, Conrad, Hartman, Johansson, Lafon, Rabinowitz, Stomski, Summers, Trujillo, and Wizinowich SDO moon

In addition, various asteroids are binary asteroids or have satellites orbiting them. These are not included here. Only a relatively small number are known, but it is suspected that there are a great many more. Also see Quasi-satellite.

v • d • e
Natural satellites of the Solar System

Inner satellites · Irregular satellites · Trojan moons · List · List by diameter · Discovery timeline · Naming
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