List of models of the Lockheed Constellation

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The Lockheed Constellation was a civil airliner and military transport in operation in the 1940s and 1950s. This is a list of variants of the Constellation that were produced during its production run.

Contents

[edit] Commercial transport

The original L-049 civil variant.
The original L-049 civil variant.
The L-1049 was operated most famously by Trans World Airlines.
The L-1049 was operated most famously by Trans World Airlines.

[edit] L-049

The L-049 was the original commercial airliner produced, although some earlier L-049s were begun as military transports and completed as airliners. L-649 aircraft followed, with more powerful engines, but all were soon upgraded to L-749 standard with long-range fuel tanks. A total of 88 L-049, 27 L-649, and 113 L-749 were built, including conversions from earlier models and military versions.

  • L-049 - first production version, first 22 aircraft delivered as C-69 transports, first flight 9 January 1943
  • L-649 - R-3350-749C18BD engines with 2,500 hp (1,865 kW) each, seating for up to 81, first flight 19 October 1946
  • L-649A
  • L-749 - additional 6,145 US gal (23,640 l) of fuel providing the capability for non-stop transatlantic flights, 2 ft (0.63 m) fuselage extension, first flight 14 March 1947
  • L-749A - reinforced landing gear and fuselage

[edit] L-1049 Super Constellation

An 18 ft 4 in (5.59 m) stretched version with a maximum capacity of 109 passengers, retained square windows until the L-1049G. Later models added tip tanks, round windows, and more powerful Turbo-Compound engines. First flight 14 July 1951. A total of 564 built, including military versions.

  • L-1049 - first production version, R-3350-749C18BD engines with 2,500 hp (1,865 kW) each, 22 built
  • L-1049C - R-3350-87ТС18DA-1 engines with 3,250 hp (2,425 kW) each, 56 built
  • L-1049D - freight version of L-1049C
  • L-1049E - minor enhancements, 18 built
  • L-1049G - R-3350-972ТС18DA-3 engines with 3,400 hp (2,536 kW) each, distinguished by round windows, ability to carry wingtip fuel tanks, 99 built
  • L-1049H - passenger/freight convertible version of L-1049G, 53 built

[edit] L-1249

[edit] L-1649 Starliner

Long-range passenger aircraft designed to compete with Douglas DC-7C. The standard radome for the weather radar extends total length by 2 ft 7 in (0.78 m) over L-1049 without radome. New thin-section wing with a straight taper, and much larger fuel capacity giving a ferry range of over 6,880 mi (11,080 km), first flight 10 October 1956. A total of 43 were built.

  • L-1649A - production version, R-3350-988TC18EA12 Turbo Cyclone engines with 3,400 hp (2,536 kW) each

[edit] United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) military transport

The original version of the C-69.
The original version of the C-69.

[edit] C-69

The C-69 was the original military transport version for the USAAF. All aircraft built during World War II were pressed into military service under this designation.

  • C-69A
  • C-69B
  • C-69C-1 - VIP transport aircraft, later designated ZC-69C-1. Only one aircraft was produced.
  • C-69D
  • XC-69E - one C-69 was converted into an engine testbed.

[edit] U.S. Air Force (USAF) transports and electronic reconnaissance aircraft

Two VC-121E Constellations, named Columbine II and Columbine III, were used by president Dwight Eisenhower.
Two VC-121E Constellations, named Columbine II and Columbine III, were used by president Dwight Eisenhower.

[edit] C-121

The C-121 was the military transport version of improved L-749 introduced in 1948.

See also EC-121 Warning Star

  • C-121A - reinforced floor, cargo door in port rear fuselage
  • VC-121A - VIP transport aircraft, converted from the C-121A
  • VC-121B - VIP transport for use by the President of the United States of America
  • C-121C - R7V-1 with R-3350-34 engines with 3,400 hp (2,536 kW) each, based on L-1049
  • JC-121C - two C-121C and one TC-121C used as avionics testbeds
  • RC-121C - USAF long-range airborne radar analogous to Navy's WV-2
  • TC-121C
  • VC-121C - VIP version of C-121C
  • EC-121D - redesignated RC-121D
  • RC-121D - WV-2 with wingtip fuel tanks, later redesignated EC-121D
  • VC-121E - VIP transport for use by the President of the United States of America
  • YC-121F - two prototype R7V-1 with Pratt & Whitney T34-P-6 turboprops with 6,000 shp (4,476 kW) each
  • C-121G - 32 Navy R7V-1 delivered to USAF
  • EC-121H - 42 EC-121D with upgraded electronics
  • C-121J - redesignated Navy R7V-1
  • EC-121J - 2 EC-121D with upgraded electronics
  • EC-121K - redesignated Navy WV-2 Warning Star
  • JC-121K - one EC-121K used as an avionics testbed
  • NC-121K - EC-121K used by the Navy
  • EC-121L - redesignated Navy WV-2E
  • EC-121M - redesignated Navy WV-2Q
  • WQC-121N - redesignated Navy WV-3
  • EC-121P - EC-121K equipped for anti-submarine warfare
  • EC-121Q - EC-121D with upgraded electronics
  • EC-121R BatCat - EC-121K and EC-121P equipped to process signals from seismic instruments
  • NC-121S - electronic warfare and reconnaissance version
  • EC-121T - upgraded radar

[edit] U.S. Navy transports and reconnaissance aircraft

[edit] R7

  • PO-1W - two maritime patrol aircraft equipped with search radar based on L-749
  • R7O-1 - the original US Navy designation of the R7V-1 based on L-1049D, R-3350-91 engines with 3,250 hp (2,425 kW) each
  • R7V-1 - later redesignated C-121J
  • R7V-1P - one R7V-1 modified for Arctic use
  • R7V-2 - four prototypes with Pratt & Whitney YT34-P-12A turboprops of 4,140 shp (3,088 kW) each

[edit] WV

  • WV-1
  • WV-2 Warning Star - long-range airborne radar aircraft, R-3350-34 or R-3350-42 engines with 3,400 hp (2,536 kW) each, based on L-1049, later redesignated EC-121K
  • WV-2E - experimental version of WV-2, later redesignated EC-121L
  • WV-2Q - WV-2 equipped for electronic warfare, later redesignated EC-121M
  • WV-3 - eight aircraft equipped for weather reconnaissance
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