List of citrus diseases

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This article is a list of diseases in citrus plants.

Contents

[edit] Bacterial diseases

Bacterial diseases
Bacterial spot Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo
Black pit (fruit) Pseudomonas syringae
Blast Pseudomonas syringae
Canker Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri
Citrus variegated chlorosis Xylella fastidiosa

[edit] Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases
Albinism Alternaria alternata = A. tenuis

Aspergillus flavus
Alternaria brown spot Alternaria alternata
Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon Alternaria citri
Alternaria stem-end rot Alternaria citri
Anthracnose = wither-tip Glomerella cingulata

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph]
Areolate leaf spot Thanatephorus cucumeris = Pellicularia filamentosa

Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph]
Black mold rot Aspergillus niger
Black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola

Chalara elegans [synanamorph]
Black rot Alternaria citri
Black spot Guignardia citricarpa

Phyllosticta citricarpa [synanamorph]
Blue mold Penicillium italicum
Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis Botrytis cinerea

Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
Branch knot Sphaeropsis tumefaciens
Brown rot (fruit) Phytophthora citricola

P. citrophthora
P. hibernalis
P. nicotianae var. parasitica = P. parasitica
P. palmivora
P. syringae
Charcoal root rot Macrophomina phaseolina
Damping-off Pythium sp.

P. aphanidermatum
P. debaryanum
P. rostratum
P. ultimum
P. vexans
Rhizoctonia solani
Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae = Diplodia natalensis

Botryosphaeria rhodina [teleomorph]
Dothiorella gummosis and rot Botryosphaeria ribis

Dothiorella gregaria [anamorph]
Dry root rot complex Nectria haematococca

Fusarium solani [anamorph]
together with other wound-invading agents
Dry rot (fruit) Ashbya gossypii

Nematospora coryli
Fly speck Schizothyrium pomi

Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph]
Fusarium rot (fruit) Fusarium spp.
Fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. citri
Gray mold (fruit) Botrytis cinerea
Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch Mycosphaerella citri

Stenella citri-grisea [anamorph]
Green mold Penicillium digitatum
Heart rot Ganoderma applanatum

G. brownii
G. lucidum
 and other basidiomycetes
Hendersonula branch wilt Hendersonula toruloidea
Leaf spot Mycosphaerella horii

M. lageniformis
Mal secco Phoma tracheiphila = Deuterophoma tracheiphila
Mancha foliar de los citricos Alternaria limicola
Melanose Diaporthe citri

Phomopsis citri [anamorph]
Mucor fruit rot Mucor paronychia

M. racemosus
Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus Armillaria mellea = Clitocybe tabascens

Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph]
Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot Phaeoramularia angolensis
Phymatotrichum root rot Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
Phomopsis stem-end rot Phomopsis citri

Diaporthe citri [teleomorph]
Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and root rot Phytophthora citrophthora

P. hibernalis
P. nicotianae var. parasitica= P. parasitica
P. palmivora
P. syringae
Pink disease Erythricium salmonicolor = Corticium salmonicolor

Necator decretus [anamorph]
Pink mold Gliocladium roseum
Pleospora rot Pleospora herbarum

Stemphylium herbarum [anamorph]
Poria root rot Oxyporus latemarginatus = Poria latemarginata
Post bloom fruit drop Colletotrichum acutatum
Powdery mildew Oidium tingitaninum = Acrosporium tingitaninum
Rhizopus rot Rhizopus stolonifer
Rio Grande gummosis Possibly Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Hendersonula toruloidea
and other unknown agents
Rootlet rot Pythium rostratum

P. ultimum
Rosellinia root rot Rosellinia sp.
Scab Elsinoë fawcettii

Sphaceloma fawcettii [anamorph]
Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Septoria spot Septoria citri
Sooty blotch Gloeodes pomigena
Sour rot Geotrichum citri-aurantii

Galactomyces citri-aurantii [teleomorph]
G. candidum
Galactomyces geotrichum [teleomorph]
Sweet orange scab Elsinoë australis
Thread blight Corticium stevensii

Pellicularia koleroga
Trichoderma rot Trichoderma viride

Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph]
Twig blight Rhytidhysteron rufulum
Ustulina root rot Ustulina deusta

Nodulisporium sp. [anamorph]
Whisker mold Penicillium ulaiense
White root rot Rosellinia sp.

R. necatrix
Dematophora necatrix [anamorph]
R. subiculata

[edit] Nematodes, parasitic

Nematodes, parasitic
Citrus slump nematode Pratylenchus coffeae
Dagger nematode Xiphinema spp.
Lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp.

P. brachyurus
P. coffeae
P. vulnus
Needle nematode Longidorus spp.
Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp.
Sheath nematode Hemicycliophora spp.

H. arenaria
Slow decline (citrus nematode) Tylenchulus semipenetrans
Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) Radopholus similis
Sting nematode Belonolaimus longicaudatus
Stubby-root nematode Paratrichodorus spp.
Stunt nematode Tylenchorhynchus spp.

[edit] Viral diseases

Viral diseases
Citrus mosaic Satsuma dwarf-related virus
Bud union crease Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown
Citrus leaf rugose genus Ilarvirus, Citrus leaf rugose virus (CLRV)
Citrus yellow mosaic genus Badnavirus
Crinkly leaf Crinkly leaf ilarvirus (strain of citrus variegation virus)
Infectious variegation genus Ilarvirus, Citrus variegation virus (CVV)
Navel infectious mottling Satsuma dwarf-related virus
Psorosis Spirovirus (ophiovirus) proposed new group
Satsuma dwarf Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV)
Tatter leaf = citrange stunt genus Capillovirus, Citrus tatter leaf virus (probably a closely related strain of apple stem grooving capillovirus rather than a distinct virus
Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows genus Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV)

[edit] Viroids and graft-transmissable pathogens [GTP]

Viroids and graft-transmissable pathogens [GTP]
Algerian navel orange virus GTP
Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline GTP
Blind pocket GTP
Cachexia Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid)
Chlorotic dwarf White-fly transmitted GTP
Citrus dwarfing Various viroids
Citrus yellow mottle GTP
Citrus yellow ringspot GTP
Concave gum GTP
Cristacortis GTP
Exocortis Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) (Pospiviroid)
Fatal yellows GTP
Gummy bark GTP, possible viroid
Gum pocket and gummy pittings GTP, possible viroid
Impietratura GTP
Indian citrus ringspot GTP
Leaf curl GTP
Leathery leaf GTP
Leprosis GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites
Measles GTP
Milam stem-pitting GTP
Multiple sprouting disease GTP
Nagami kumquat disease GTP
Ringspot diseases Various GTPs
Vein enation = woody gall GTP (possible luteovirus)
Xyloporosis = cachexia Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid)
Yellow vein GTP
Yellow vein clearing of lemon GTP

[edit] Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases
Australian citrus dieback Unknown procaryote?
Huanglongbing =Greening Candidatus Liberobacter asiaticus

Candidatus L. africanus
Stubborn Spiroplasma citri (spread by leafhoppers)
Witches’ broom of lime Phytoplasma

[edit] Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
Algal disease (algal spot) Cephaleuros virescens
Amachamiento Unknown
Blossom-end clearing Physiological
Chilling injury Cold temperatures
Creasing Nutritional (?)
Crinkle scurf Genetic
Granulation Physiological
Lemon sieve-tube necrosis Unknown, but hereditary
Lime blotch =wood pocket Inherited chimeral agent
Membranous stain Cold temperatures
Mesophyll collapse Unknown
Oleocellosis Physiological
Postharvest pitting Physiological
Puffing Physiological
Rind breakdown Physiological
Rind staining Physiological
Rind stipple of grapefruit Environmental
Rumple of lemon fruit Unknown
Shell bark complex Unknown - (viroid?)
Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) Capnodium

C. citricola
Capnodium sp.
Stem-end rind breakdown Physiological
Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime Physiological
Stylar-end rind breakdown Physiological
Stylar-end rot Physiological
Sunburn Excessive heat and light
Tangerine dieback Unknown
Water spot Physiological
Zebra skin Physiological

[edit] References

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