List of Spaniards

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of Spaniards who are famous or notable, in alphabetical order within categories.

Reino de España (Spanish)

(In detail) (In detail)

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Contents 1 Actors 2 Artists 2.1 Architects 3 Explorers and conquistadores 4 Film directors 5 Leaders and politicians 5.1 Ancient 5.2 Medieval 5.3 Modern 5.4 Contemporary 6 Literature 6.1 A–D 6.2 E–H 6.3 I–L 6.4 M–P 6.5 Q–T 6.6 U–Z 7 Military 8 Musicians 8.1 Classical 8.2 Singers 9 Philosophers and humanists 10 Science and technology 11 Social scientists 12 Sports 13 Others 14 See also 14.1 Related links

[edit] Actors

See also: Category:Spanish actors

• Victoria Abril (b. 1959)
• Elena Anaya (b. 1975)
• Antonio Banderas (b. 1960)
• Javier Bardem (b. 1969)
• Pilar Bardem (b. 1939)
• Ana Belén (b. 1951)
• Juan Diego Botto (b. 1975)
• Celso Bugallo (b. 1947)
• Mark Consuelos (b. 1970)
• Penélope Cruz (b. 1974)
• Gabino Diego (b. 1966)
• Angelines Fernández (1922–1994)
• Fernando Fernán Gómez (b. 1921)
• Sancho Gracia (b. 1936)
• Alfredo Landa (b. 1933)
• Sergi López (b. 1965)
• Jordi Mollà (b. 1968)
• Sara Montiel (b. 1928)
• Paul Naschy (b. 1934)
• Marisa Paredes (b. 1946)
• Francisco Rabal (1926–2001)
• Fernando Rey (1917–1994)
• Fernando Sancho (1916–1990)
• Paz Vega (b. 1976)

[edit] Artists

See also: Category:Spanish artists

• Salvador Dalí (1904–1989), surrealist artist.
• Francisco de Goya (1746–1828), painter and engraver.
• El Greco (1541–1614), painter and sculptor.
• Juan Gris (1887–1927), cubist painter.
• Jesús Mari Lazkano (b. 1960), painter.
• Joan Miró (1893–1983), painter, sculptor and ceramist.
• Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1618–1682), painter.
• Pablo Picasso (1881–1973), painter and sculptor, co-founder of cubism.
• Antoni Tàpies (1923), abstract expressionist painter.
• Darío Urzay (b. 1958), painter, graphic artist.
• Diego Velázquez (1599–1660), painter.
• Ignacio Zuloaga (1870–1945), painter.
• Francisco de Zurbarán (1598–1644), painter.

[edit] Architects

See also: Category:Spanish architects

• Ricardo Bofill (b. 1939), one of the main representatives of postmodernism in architecture.
• Santiago Calatrava (b. 1951), 2005 AIA Gold Medal Laureate.
• Ildefons Cerdà (1815–1876), urban planner who designed the 19th-century extension of Barcelona (Eixample).
• Lluís Domènech i Montaner (1850–1923), brilliant contemporary of better known fellow citizen Gaudí.
• Miguel Fisac (b. 1913)
• Antoni Gaudí (1852–1926), known for his unfinished masterwork La Sagrada Família.
• Juan de Herrera (1530–1593), helped to plan El Escorial; his style influenced Spanish architecture for centuries.
• Enric Miralles (1955–2000), built the Scottish Parliament (finished in 2004, after his death).
• Rafael Moneo (b. 1937), 1996 Pritzker Prize Laureate.
• Josep Lluís Sert (1902–1983), member of the GATCPAC group, exiled, Professor at Harvard University.

[edit] Explorers and conquistadores

See also: Category:Spanish explorers and conquistadores

• Lope de Aguirre (1511–1561), soldier and adventurer, explored the Amazon River looking for El Dorado.
• Diego de Almagro (1475–1538), explorer and conquistador, first European in Chile.
• Juan Bautista de Anza (1736–1788), soldier and explorer, founded San Francisco, California.
• Fray Tomás de Berlanga (1487–1551), bishop of Panama, discovered the Galápagos Islands.
• Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (c. 1490–c. 1559), first European to explore the southwestern of what is now the United States (1527–1536), also explored South America (1540–1542).
• Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo (1499–1543), explorer, founded the city of San Diego, California.
• Gabriel de Castilla (1577–1620), sailor; in 1603 he became probably the first man ever to sight Antarctica.
• Cosme Damián Churruca (1761–1805), explorer, astronomer and naval officer, mapped the Strait of Magellan (1788–1789).
• Francisco Vásquez de Coronado (c.1510–1554), explored New Mexico and other parts of the southwest of what is now the United States (1540–1542).
• Hernán Cortés (1485–1547), conquistador of the Aztec Empire, explorer of Baja California Peninsula.
• Juan Sebastián Elcano (1476–1526), explorer and sailor, first man to circumnavigate the world.
• Gaspar de Espinosa (1467/77?–1537), soldier and explorer, first European to reach the coast of Nicaragua, co-founder of Panama City.
• Salvador Fidalgo (1756–1803), naval officer and cartographer, explored Alaska in 1790, he named Cordova, Port Gravina, and Valdez.
• Miguel López de Legazpi (1502–1572), explored and conquered the Philippine Islands in 1565.
• Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475–1519), first European to sight the Pacific Ocean, founder of Darién.
• Francisco de Orellana (c. 1500–c. 1549), first European to explore the Amazon River.
• Pedrarias Dávila (Pedro Arias de Ávila, 1440–1531), conquistador, founder of Panama and governor of Nicaragua.
• Francisco Pizarro (1471–1541), conqueror of the Inca Empire in Peru.
• Juan Ponce de León (1460–1521), first European to explore Florida (1513); he founded the first European settlement in Puerto Rico (1508).
• Gaspar de Portolà (~1717–aft.1784), explorer, founder of Monterey (California).
• Hernando de Soto (1500–1542), explorer and conquistador, first European to explore the plains of eastern North America; discovered the Mississippi river and the Ohio river.
• Pedro de Valdivia (c.1500–1554), conquistador of Chile, founder of Santiago, Concepción, and Valdivia.

[edit] Film directors

See also: Category:Spanish film directors

• Pedro Almodóvar (b. 1949)
• Alejandro Amenábar (b. 1972)
• Montxo Armendáriz (b. 1949)
• Carlos Atanes (b. 1971)
• Juanma Bajo Ulloa (b. 1967)
• Jaume Balagueró (b. 1968)
• Juan Antonio Bardem (1922–2002)
• Icíar Bollaín (b. 1967)
• José Luis Borau (b. 1929)
• Luis Buñuel (1900–1983)
• Mario Camus (b. 1935)
• Isabel Coixet (b. 1962)
• Agustín Díaz Yanes (b. 1950)
• Víctor Erice (b. 1940)
• Fernando Fernán Gómez (b. 1921)
• Jesús Franco (b. 1930)
• José Luis Garci (b. 1944)
• Luis García Berlanga (b. 1921)
• Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (b. 1942)
• Álex de la Iglesia (b. 1965)
• Fernando León de Aranoa (b. 1968)
• Bigas Luna (b. 1946)
• Julio Medem (b. 1958)
• Fernando Méndez Leite (b. 1944)
• Pilar Miró (1940–1997)
• Paul Naschy (b. 1934)
• Amando de Ossorio
• Ventura Pons (b. 1945)
• José Luis Sáenz de Heredia (1911–1992)
• Carlos Saura (b. 1932)
• Santiago Segura (b. 1965)
• David Trueba (b. 1969)
• Fernando Trueba (b. 1955)
• Benito Zambrano (b. 1964)
• Iván Zulueta (b. 1943)

[edit] Leaders and politicians

See also: List of Spanish monarchs, List of Spanish Prime Ministers, and Category:Spanish politicians

[edit] Ancient

• Hadrian (76–138), Roman Emperor (117–138).
• Pontius Pilate (probably born in Tarraco – died after 36), Roman Governor of the Iudaea Province (26–36).
• Theodosius I (347–395), last ruler (392–395) of a united Roman Empire; made Christianity its official state religion.
• Trajan (53–117), Roman Emperor (98–117), under his rule the Empire reached its greatest territorial extent.

[edit] Medieval

• Pelayo of Asturias (690–737), founding king of the Kingdom of Asturias.
• Abd-ar-Rahman III (891–961), Emir (912–929) and Caliph of Cordoba (929–961).
• Alfonso X of Castile (1221–1284).
• James I of Aragon (1208–1276).

[edit] Modern

• Isabella of Castile, the Catholic (1451–1504), Queen of Castile and Leon (1474–1504, with Ferdinand).
• Ferdinand II, the Catholic (1452–1516), King of Aragon (1479–1516), Castile and Leon (1474–1504, with Isabella), Sicily (1479–1516), Naples (1504–1516) and Valencia (1479–1516).
• Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros (1436–1517), cardinal, statesman, and regent of Spain.
• Juana of Castile frequently called "the Mad", queen of Castile and Leon. Daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand.
• Charles V (1500, 1558), Holy Roman Emperor (1530-1556 but did not formally abdicate until 1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506–1555), King of Spain (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily (1516-1554), Archduke of Austria (1519–1521), King of the Romans (or German King). Though he is often referred to as Carlos V, he ruled officially as Carlos I, hence Charles I of Spain.
• Philip II (1526–1598), King of Spain (1556–1598).
• Charles III (1716–1788), King of Spain (1759–1788).

[edit] Contemporary

• Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897), Prime Minister.
• Leopoldo O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan (1809–1867), general and Prime Minister (1856; 1858–1863; 1864–1866).
• Juan Prim (1814–1870), general, liberal leader, revolutionary and statesman.
• 20th and 21st centuries:
  • Manuel Azaña (1880–1940), Premier (twice) and President during the Second Spanish Republic.
  • José María Aznar (b. 1953), Prime Minister (1996–2004).
  • Josep Borrell (b. 1947), President of the European Parliament since 20 July 2004.
  • Buenaventura Durruti (1896–1936), anarchist leader.
  • Francisco Franco (1892–1975), Army general and dictator, ruled Spain for 41 years as "Caudillo" (1939–1975).
  • Felipe González (b. 1942), Prime Minister (1982–1996).
  • Juan Carlos I (b. 1938), King of Spain since 1975.
  • Rodrigo Rato (b. 1949), Managing Director of the IMF since 4 May 2004.
  • Adolfo Suárez (b. 1932), Prime Minister (1976–1981).
  • Javier Solana (b. 1942), Secretary General of NATO (1995–1999) and High Representative (since 1999) of the CFSP of the Council of the European Union.
  • José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (b. 1960), Prime Minister since 2004.

[edit] Literature

See also: Category:Spanish writers

[edit] A–D

• Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (1833–1891), novelist.
• Juan Ruiz de Alarcón (1581?–1639), dramatist.
• Rafael Alberti (1902–1999), poet, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1983).
• Mateo Alemán (1547–c. 1609), novelist.
• Vicente Aleixandre (1888–1984), poet, Nobel Prize Laureate (1977).
• Dámaso Alonso, poet, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1978).
• Francisco Ayala (b. 1906), novelist, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1991).
• Azorín (José Martínez Ruiz) (1863–1967), journalist, poet, novelist and essayist.
• Pío Baroja (1872–1956), novelist.
• Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836–1870), romantic poet and tale writer.
• Jacinto Benavente (1866–1954), dramatist, Nobel Prize Laureate (1922).
• Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (1867–1928), novelist, wrote The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1916).
• Antonio Buero Vallejo (1916–2000), playwright.
• Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600–1681), playwright and poet.
• Rosalía de Castro (1837–1885), poet.
• Camilo José Cela (1916–2002), novelist, Nobel Prize Laureate (1989).
• Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616), novelist, poet and playwright, author of Don Quixote (1605 & 1615).
• Mercedes Deambrosis (b. 1955), novelist
• Baltasar del Alcázar (1530-1606), poet
• Miguel Delibes (b. 1920), novelist, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1993).
• Agustín Díaz Pacheco (b. 1953), journalist and novelist.
• Gerardo Diego (1896–1987), poet, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1979).

[edit] E–H

• José Echegaray (1832–1916), dramatist, Nobel Prize Laureate (1904).
• Vicente Espinel (1550–1624), poet and novelist.
• Leandro Fernández de Moratín (1760–1828), dramatist and neoclassical poet.
• José María Gabriel y Galán (1870–1905), poet.
• Antonio Gala (b. 1936), poet, dramatist and novelist.
• Benito Pérez Galdós (1843–1920), novelist.
• Federico García Lorca (1898–1936), poet and dramatist.
• Luis de Góngora (1561–1627), lyric poet.
• Jorge Guillén (1893–1984), poet, Cervantes Prize Laureate (1976).

[edit] I–L

• Juan Ramón Jiménez (1881–1958), poet, Nobel Prize Laureate (1956).
• John of the Cross (1542–1591), mystic poet.
• Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos (1744–1811), main figure of the Spanish Age of Enlightenment, philosopher, statesman, poet and essayist.
• Jon Juaristi (b. 1951), poet and essayist.
• Mariano José de Larra (1809–1837), literary journalist.
• Fray Luis de León (1527–1591), poet of the Spanish Golden Age.
• Torcuato Luca de Tena (1923–1999), novelist, journalist and lawyer.

[edit] M–P

• Antonio Machado (1875–1939), poet.
• Salvador de Madariaga (1886–1978), essayist.
• Jorge Manrique (1440–1479), poet.
• Javier Marías (b. 1951), novelist and translator.
• Juan Marsé (b. 1933), novelist.
• Joanot Martorell (1413–1468), author of the first modern novel, Tirant lo Blanc (1490).
• Eduardo Mendoza (b. 1943), writer.
• Agustín Moreto y Cavana (1618–1661), dramatist and playwright.
• José Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955), essayist.
• Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851–1921), novelist.
• Arturo Pérez-Reverte (b. 1951), best-selling novelist and journalist.

[edit] Q–T

• Francisco de Quevedo (1580–1645), novelist, essayist and poet, master of Conceptism.
• Fernando de Rojas (1465–1541), novelist, author of La Celestina (1499).
• Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla (1607–1660), dramatist.
• Carlos Ruiz Zafón (b. 1964), best-selling novelist.
• Pedro Salinas, (1891–1951), poet.
• Ramón J. Sender (1901–1982), novelist and journalist.
• Tirso de Molina (1571–1648), playwright.
• Andrés Trapiello (b. 1953), novelist, poet, Essay' author.

[edit] U–Z

• Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1931), existentialist author and essayist.
• Ramón María del Valle-Inclán (1866–1936), dramatist, novelist and member of the Generation of 98.
• Garcilaso de la Vega (1501–1586), Renaissance poet.
• "El Inca" Garcilaso de la Vega (1539–1616), first mestizo author in Spanish language.
• Félix Lope de Vega (1562–1635), poet and playwright.
• Cristóbal Zaragoza (1923–1999), novelist and philosopher.
• María de Zayas y Sotomayor (1590–1660), novelist.
• José Zorrilla y Moral (1817–1893), poet and dramatist, author of Don Juan Tenorio (1844).

[edit] Military

See also: Category:Spanish military personnel

• 3rd Duke of Alba (Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 1507–1582), general and governor of the Spanish Netherlands (1567–1573).
• Don Juan de Austria (1547–1578), general and admiral; he defeated Ali Pacha in the Battle of Lepanto (1571).
• Blas de Lezo (1687–1741), admiral, leading 6 warships and 3.700 men defeated a British invasion force of 28.000 troops and 128 warships, during the Siege of Cartagena, in 1741.
• Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz (1526–1588), admiral.
• Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of Bailén (1758–1852), general; he defeated Dupont in the Battle of Bailén (1808).
• El Cid (Rodrigo 'Ruy' Díaz de Vivar, c.1045–1099), knight and hero.
• Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, "El Gran Capitán" (1453–1515), general and strategist of Early modern warfare.
• Francisco Franco (1892–1975), general; from 1939 dictator and formal Head of State of Spain.
• Bernardo de Gálvez (1746–1786), Field Marshal and governor of Louisiana, Spanish hero of the American Revolution.
• Juan Martín Díez, "El Empecinado" (1775–1825), head of guerrilla bands promoted to Brigadier-General of cavalry during the Peninsular War.
• Casto Méndez Núñez (1830–1880), admiral.
• Pedro Navarro, Count of Oliveto (c.1460–1528), prominent military engineer and general.
• Alvaro Navia-Osorio Vigil, Marquis of Santa Cruz de Marcenado, (1684–1732), general, author of the treatise Reflexiones Militares (Military Reflections)
• Ambrosio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases (1569–1630), general.
• Fernando Villaamil, (1845–1898), naval officer, designer of the first destroyer warship.

[edit] Musicians

See also: Category:Spanish musicians

• Xavier Cugat (1900–1990), bandleader.
• Alberto Iglesias (b. 1955), film music composer.
• Paco de Lucía (b. 1947), guitarist.
• Carlos Núñez (b. 1971), bagpipes and Galician (Celtic) music performer.
• Jordi Savall (b. 1941), film music composer.

[edit] Classical

• Isaac Albéniz (1860–1909), composer.
• Pau Casals (1876–1973), cello player and conductor.
• Manuel de Falla (1876–1946), composer.
• Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos (b. 1933), conductor.
• Enrique Granados (1867–1916), composer.
• Enrique Jordá (1911–1996), conductor, music director of the San Francisco Symphony (1954–1963).
• Alicia de Larrocha (b. 1923), pianist.
• Luis de Pablo (b. 1930), composer.
• Joaquín Rodrigo (1901–1999), composer and pianist, known for his Concierto de Aranjuez.
• Gaspar Sanz (1640–1710), composer, dominate figure of Spanish baroque music.
• Jordi Savall (b. 1941), early and baroque music conductor and viol player.
• Andrés Segovia (1893–1987), classical guitarist.
• Antonio Soler (1729–1783), composer, known for his harpsichord sonatas.
• Francisco Tárrega (1852–1909), composer and classical guitarist.
• Joaquín Turina (1882–1949), composer.
• Tomás Luis de Victoria (1548–1611), the most famous composer of the 16th century (late Renaissance) in Spain.
• Opera singers
  • Victoria de los Ángeles (born 1923), soprano.
  • Teresa Berganza (born 1935), mezzo-soprano.
  • Montserrat Caballé (born 1933), soprano.
  • Emma Calvé (1858–1942), soprano.
  • José Carreras (born 1946), one of The Three Tenors.
  • Plácido Domingo (born 1941), one of The Three Tenors.
  • Manuel del Popolo Vicente García (1775–1832), tenor.
  • María Gay (1879–1943), mezzo-soprano.
  • Alfredo Kraus (1927–1999), tenor.
  • Adelina Patti (1843–1919), coloratura soprano.
  • Conchita Supervía (1895–1936), mezzo-soprano.

[edit] Singers

• Edward Aguilera (born 1976), first European member of Menudo.
• Ana Belén (born 1951), she's married to Víctor Manuel
• David Bisbal, (b. 1979) pop singer.
• Miguel Bosé (born 1956), pop singer.
• Nino Bravo (1944–1973)
• Jose Luis Perales
• Luz Casal (b. 1958), pop singer.
• Charo (born 1941), singer.
• Charytin (born 1950), singer.
• Dovergroup of four, all nembers are from Spain
• Rocio Durcal (1945–2006), singer and actress.
• Rocio Jurado ( 1944-2006 )
• Manolo García (b. 1955), singer-songwriter.
• Julio Iglesias (born 1943), pop singer.
• La Pandilla teen group, all members are from Spain.
• Lolita Flores (b 1958)
• Los del Río
• Víctor Manuel (born 1947), he's married to Ana Belén
• Ramón Melendi (born 1979), flamenco-influenced singer.
• Raphael (born 1943), pop singer.
• Enrique Urquijo (1960–1999), New Wave music singer.
• Joaquín Sabina (b. 1949), singer-songwriter.
• Alejandro Sanz (b. 1968), pop/ballad singer.
• Joan Manuel Serrat (born 1943), Catalan singer-songwriter.
• Isabel Pantoja (b 1956)

[edit] Philosophers and humanists

• Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia (1240–probably 1292), philosopher, early kabbalist.
• Alfonso X of Castile (1221–1284), El Sabio ("The Wise").
• Averroes (Ibn Rushd) (1126–1198), philosopher, tried to reconcile Aristotle's system of thought with Islam (see Averroism).
• Francisco de Enzinas (1518–1552), humanist and translator of the New Testament
• Baltasar Gracián (1601–1658), author of El Criticón, influenced European philosophers such as Schopenhauer.
• Yehuda Halevi (c. 1070–c. 1141), philosopher and religious poet, author of Kuzari.
• Isidore of Seville (560–636), major scholar of the early Middle Ages, wrote Etymologiae, first encyclopedia known to be compiled in western civilization.
• Bartolomé de Las Casas (1484–1566), humanist, advocate of the rights of Native Americans.
• Ramón Llull (1235–1315), philosopher, writer and theologian; author of Ars magna (1305), a system of logic that influenced Leibniz.
• Ignatius of Loyola (1491?–1556), theologian, founder of the Society of Jesus.
• Salvador de Madariaga (1886–1978), humanist, co-founder of the College of Europe (1949).
• Maimónides (1135–1204), the most influential figure in medieval Jewish philosophy.
• Gregorio Marañón (1887–1960), humanist and medical scientist, important intellectual of the 20th century in Spain.
• Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo (1856–1912), philologist, historian and erudite.
• Julián Marías (1914–2005), philosopher. Wrote the History of Philosophy
• Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968), philologist, historian and erudite member of Generation of '98.
• Antonio de Nebrija (1441–1522), scholar, published the first grammar of the Spanish language (Gramática Castellana, 1492), which was the first grammar produced of any Romance language.
• José Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955), philosopher, social and political thinker, author of The Revolt of the Masses (1930).
• Bernardino de Sahagún (1499–1590), Franciscan missionary, researched Nahua culture and Nahuatl language and compiled an unparallelled work in Spanish and Náhuatl.
• George Santayana (1863–1952), philosopher, taught at Harvard, author of The Sense of Beauty (1896) and The Life of Reason (1905–6).
• Fernando Savater (born 1947), philosopher and essayist, known for his writings on ethics.
• Lucius Annaeus Seneca (ca. 4 BC–AD 65), one of the main stoic philosophers.
• Francisco Suárez (1548–1617), one of the most influential scholastics after Thomas Aquinas.
• Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936), existentialist writer and literary theoretician.
• Juan Luis Vives (1492–1540), prominent figure of Renaissance humanism, taught at Leuven and Oxford (while tutor to Mary Tudor).
• Xavier Zubiri (1889–1983), philosopher, critic of classical metaphysics.

[edit] Science and technology

See also: Category:Spanish scientists, Category:Spanish engineers, and Category:Spanish inventors

• José de Acosta (1540–1600), one of the first naturalists and anthropologists of the Americas.
• Algafequi, ophthalmologist, Spanish word gafas (glasses) was created after him.
• José María Algué (1856–1930), meteorologist, inventor of the barocyclometer, the nephoscope, and the microseismograph.
• Arzachel (1028–1087), mathematician and the foremost astronomer of his time; contributed to the famous Tables of Toledo.
• Ángel Cabrera (1879–1960), naturalist, investigated the South-American fauna.
• Nicolás Cabrera (1913–1989), physicist, did important work on the theories of crystal growth and the oxidisation of metals.
• Juan de la Cierva (1895–1936), aeronautical engineer, pioneer of rotary flight, inventor of the autogyro.
• Josep Comas i Solà (1868–1937), astronomer, discovered the periodic comet 32P/Comas Solá and 11 asteroids, and in 1907 observed limb darkening of Saturn's moon Titan (the first evidence that the body had an atmosphere).
• Pedro Duque (b. 1963), astronaut and veteran of two space missions.
• Fausto de Elhúyar (1755–1833), chemist, joint discoverer of tungsten with his brother Juan José de Elhúyar in 1783.
• Carlos Fernández Casado (1905–1988), civil engineer, designer and builder of bridges and viaducts.
• Jaime Ferrán (1852–1929), doctor and researcher, discovered several vaccines.
• Francisco Hernández (1514–1587), botanicist, carried out important research about the Mexican flora
• Manuel Jalón Corominas (b. 1925), inventor of the mop (1956) and a world-wide used "two-piece" disposable syringe (1978).
• Carlos Jiménez Díaz (1898–1967), doctor and researcher, leading figure in pathology
• Gregorio Marañón (1887–1960), doctor and researcher, leading figure in endocrinology
• Narcís Monturiol (1818–1885), physicist and inventor, pioneer of underwater navigation and first machine powered submarine.
• José Celestino Bruno Mutis (1732–1808), botanicist, doctor, philosopher and mathematician, carried out relevant research about the American flora, founded one of the first astronomic observatories in America (1762).
• Severo Ochoa (1905–1993), doctor and biochemist, achieved the synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA), Nobel prize Laureate (1959).
• Mateu Orfila (1787–1853), doctor and chemist, father of modern toxicology, leading figure in forensic toxicology.
• Joan Oró (1923–2004), biochemist, carried out important research about the origin of life, he worked with NASA on the Viking missions.
• Julio Palacios Martínez (1891–1970), physicist and mathematician
• Isaac Peral (1851–1895), engineer and sailor, designer of the first fully operative military submarine.
• Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), father of Neuroscience, Nobel prize Laureate (1906).
• Julio Rey Pastor (1888–1962), mathematician, leading figure in geometry.
• Wifredo Ricart (1897–1974), engineer, designer and executive manager in the automotive industry.
• Andrés Manuel del Río (1764–1849), geologist and chemist, discovered vanadium (as vanadinite) in 1801.
• Pío del Río Hortega (1882–1945), neuroscientist, discoverer of the microglia or Hortega cell.
• Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente (1928–1980), naturalist, leading figure in ornithology, ethology, ecology and science divulgation
• Margarita Salas (born 1938), biochemist, molecular genetist and researcher.
• Miguel Servet (1511–1553), scientist, surgeon and humanist; first European to describe pulmonary circulation.
• Esteban Terradas i Illa (1883–1950), mathematician, physicist and engineer.
• Leonardo Torres Quevedo (1852–1936), engineer and mathematician, pioneer of automated calculation machines, inventor of the automatic chess, pioneer of remote control, designer of the funicular over the Niagara Falls.
• Eduardo Torroja (1899–1961), civil engineer, structural architect, world famous specialist in concrete structures.
• Josep Trueta (1897–1977), doctor, his new method for treatment of open wounds and fractures helped save a great number of lives during WW2.
• Antonio de Ulloa (1716–1795), scientist, soldier and author; joint discoverer of element platinum with Jorge Juan y Santacilia (1713–1773).
• Arnold of Villanova (1235?–1311), alchemist and physician, he discovered carbon monoxide and pure alcohol.

[edit] Social scientists

• Martín de Azpilicueta (1492–1586), economist, member of the School of Salamanca, precursor of the quantitative theory of money.
• Manuel Castells (b. 1942), sociologist, author of the well-known trilogy The Information Age.
• Salvador Giner (b. 1934), sociologist, he had researched on social theory, sociology of culture and modern industrial society.
• Jesús Huerta de Soto (b. 1956), major Austrian School economist.
• Juan José Linz (b. 1926), Sterling Professor of Political and Social Science at Yale; Prince of Asturias Award (1987) and Johan Skytte Prize (1996) Laureate.
• Xavier Sala-i-Martín (b. 1963), economist, professor at Yale, Harvard, and Columbia.
• Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz (1893–1984), historian, prominent specialist in medieval Spanish history.
• Joseph de la Vega (1650–1692), businessman, wrote Confusion of Confusions (1688), first book on stock markets.
• Francisco de Vitoria (c.1480/86–1546), member of the School of Salamanca, precursor of international law theory.

[edit] Sports

See also: Category:Spanish sportspeople

• Athletics
  • Fermín Cacho Ruiz (b. 1969), 1500 metres Gold (1992 Olympics) and Silver (1996 Olympics) medalist.
• Basketball
  • José Calderón (b. 1981), Toronto Raptors guard.
  • Antonio Díaz-Miguel (1933–2000), coach, enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1997.
  • Pau Gasol (b. 1980), Memphis Grizzlies player, 2001-02 NBA Rookie of the Year Award winner; 2006 FIBA W.C. MVP.
  • Raúl López (b. 1980), former Utah Jazz player.
  • Fernando Martín (b. 1962–1989), Estudiantes, Real Madrid and Portland Trail Blazers player.
  • Felipe Reyes (b. 1980), Real Madrid player.
  • Sergio Rodríguez (b. 1986), player.
  • Fran Vázquez (b. 1983), player.
• Boxing
  • Pedro Carrasco (1943–2001), 1967 European Lightweight Champion; 1971 WBC's World Lightweight Champion.
  • Javier Castillejo (b. 1968), six-time WBC's World Jr. Middleweight Champion.
• Cycling
  • Guillermo Timoner (b. 1926), six-time World Motor paced Track Cycling Champion (1955, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1965).
  • Federico Martín Bahamontes (b. 1928), 1959 Tour de France winner.
  • Pedro Delgado (b. 1960), 1988 Tour de France winner.
  • Óscar Freire (b. 1976), three-time World Cycling Champion (1999, 2001, 2004).
  • José Manuel Fuente, (1945–1996), twice Vuelta a España winner (1972, 1974), second in Giro d'Italia (1972), thrird in Tour de France (1973).
  • Roberto Heras (b. 1974), three-time Vuelta a España winner (2000, 2003, 2004).
  • Miguel Indurain (b. 1964), Gold medalist (1996 Olympics), 1995 World Time-Trial Champion, World Hour recordman (1994), five consecutive times Tour de France winner (1991-1995), twice Giro d'Italia winner (1992, 1993).
  • Joan Llaneras (b. 1969), Gold medalist (2000 Olympics), Silver medalist (2004 Olympics), six-time World Points race or Madison Track Cycling Champion (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 20006).
  • Luis Ocaña (1945–1994), 1973 Tour de France winner.
  • Abraham Olano (b. 1970), 1995 World Cycling Champion and 1998 World Time-Trial Champion.
  • Joane Somarriba (b. 1972), three-time Grande Boucle winner (2000, 2001, 2003).
• Football (Soccer)
  • Alfredo Di Stéfano (b. 1926), five consecutive times European Champion (with Real Madrid, 1956–1960; scored 49 goals).
  • Raúl González (b. 1977), first player to reach 50 goals in UEFA Champions League.
  • Francisco Gento (b. 1933), Real Madrid Player. Winner of six UEFA Champions League.
  • Andoni Zubizarreta (b. 1961), goalkeeper, 126 times international with Spain

• Golf
  • Severiano Ballesteros (b. 1957), winner of 5 Major Championships.
  • Sergio García (b. 1980), winner of 6 PGA Tour and 6 European Tour titles.
  • Miguel Ángel Jiménez (b. 1964), winner of 13 European Tour titles winner.
  • José María Olazábal (b. 1966), winner of 2 Major Championships.
• Motor sports
  • Fernando Alonso (b. 1981), 2005 and 2006 Formula One World Champion.
  • Álvaro Bautista (b. 1984) motorcycle racing raider, 125cc champion of the World in 2006.
  • Carlos Checa (b. 1972), GP motorcycle racing rider.
  • Marc Coma (b. 1976), won the Dakar Rally in 2006.
  • Àlex Crivillé (b. 1970), 500cc GP motorcycle racing World Champion in 1999.
  • Sete Gibernau (b. 1972), GP motorcycle racing rider.
  • Jorge Martínez Aspar (b. 1962), GP motorcycle racing rider, four-time World Champion [80 cc (3) and 125 cc (1)].
  • Pedro Martínez de la Rosa (b. 1971), Formula One driver.
  • Ángel Nieto (b. 1947), GP motorcycle racing rider, 12+1 times World Champion.
  • Daniel Pedrosa (b. 1985), youngest GP motorcycle racing World Champion of 125cc and 250cc.
  • Carlos Sainz (b. 1962), 1990 and 1992 World Rally Champion.
• Tennis
  • Sergi Bruguera (b. 1971), 1993 and 1994 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Àlex Corretja (b. 1974), 1998 ATP Tour World Champion.
  • Albert Costa (b. 1975), 2002 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Juan Carlos Ferrero (b. 1980), 2003 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Andrés Gimeno (b. 1937), 1972 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Feliciano López (b. 1981), 2 ATP Tour titles winner.
  • Conchita Martínez (b. 1972), 1994 Wimbledon Women's Singles Champion.
  • Carlos Moyà (b. 1976), 1998 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Rafael Nadal (b. 1986), 2005 and 2006 French Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Manuel Orantes (b. 1949), 1975 U.S. Open Men's Singles Champion.
  • Virginia Ruano (b. 1973), 8 Grand Slam Doubles titles winner.
  • Arantxa Sánchez-Vicario (b. 1971), 10 Grand Slam titles winner (4 singles, 6 doubles).
  • Emilio Sánchez-Vicario (b. 1965), 3 Grand Slam Doubles titles winner.
  • Manuel Santana (b. 1938), 5 Grand Slam titles winner (4 singles, 1 doubles).

[edit] Others

• Ferran Adrià (b. 1962), chef.
• Carlos D. Cidon (b. 1959), chef.
• Joaquín Cortés (b. 1969), dancer.
• Luis Miguel González Lucas (1926–1995), better known as Luis Miguel Dominguín, bullfighter, father of Miguel Bosé.
• Juan March Ordinas (1880–1962), politician and businessman.
• Federica Montseny (1905–1994), anarchist, politician and writer.
• Aguas Santas Ocaña Navarro (b. 1963), first lady of Honduras.
• Juan Pujol, alias Garbo (1912–1988), double-agent who played a key role in the success of D-Day towards the end of WW2.
• Tamara Rojo (b. 1974), prima ballerina of the London's Royal Ballet (since 2000); Prince of Asturias Award of Arts Laureate (2005).
• Diego Salcedo (1575–1644), first Spaniard killed by Puerto Rican Taínos.
• Cristina Sánchez (b. 1972), bullfighter.
• Juan Sánchez Vidal (b. 1958), renowned collector..
• Pedro Subijana (b. 1948), cook.
• Saint Teresa of Avila (1515–1582), Roman Catholic mystic and monastic reformer.
• Tomás de Torquemada (1420–1498), Grand Inquisitor.

[edit] See also

• List of people by nationality
• List of Andalusians
• List of Basques
• List of Catalans
• List of Spanish Jews

[edit] Related links

• Spanish people