List of Provinces of Japan

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Ancient provinces of Japan
Ancient provinces of Japan
The provinces in 701–702
The provinces in 701–702
The provinces in Kamakura period to 1868
The provinces in Kamakura period to 1868

The following provinces of Ancient Japan located from 7th century until the Meiji Period.

The borders of the provinces changed until the end of the Nara Period and during the Meiji Period. However, from the Heian Period until the Edo Period, the borders remained unchanged. The following list of provinces is based on the Gokishichidō, including the short-lived provinces. Provinces located within Hokkaidō are listed last. To date, no official order has been issued abolishing the ancient provinces. Nonetheless, today they are considered obsolete, although their names are still widely used in names of natural features, company names, and brands.

Contents

[edit] Goki

[edit] Kinai 畿内　(Area.near.capital-Within)

  • Yamashiro　山城国 (formerly also written as 山背国 or 山代国; this is the province in which Kyoto is located)
  • Yamato 大和国 (then imperial seat) (written as 倭国 in ancient times until the reign of Genmei Tennō, who established Japan's first permanent capital at Nara, which is located within this province, in 710 CE)
    • circa 716-circa 738
  • Kawachi　河内国
  • Izumi 和泉国 (created in 716 from Kawachi Province as Izumi Gen(和泉監). Although occupied by Kawachi Province in 740, in 757 the province divided again from Kawachi)
  • Settsu　摂津国

[edit] Shichido

[edit] Tōkaidō 東海道 (East-Sea-Route)

  • Iga　伊賀国
  • Ise　伊勢国
  • Shima　志摩国 (Divided from Ise at the begining of the 8th century)
  • Owari　尾張国
  • Mikawa　三河国
  • Tōtomi 遠江国 (literally "Far Freshwater Sea," see Lake Hamanako)
  • Suruga　駿河国
  • Izu　伊豆国
  • Kai　甲斐国
  • Sagami　相模国
  • Musashi　武蔵国 (transferred from Tōsandō in 771)
  • Kazusa 上総国 (literally "Upper Fusa," part of ancient Fusa Province)
  • Awa (divided from Kazusa in 718. Although occupied by Kazusa in 741, Awa divided from Kazusa in 781)
  • Shimousa 下総国 (literally "Lower Fusa," part of ancient Fusa Province)
  • Hitachi 常陸国 (literally "Sun-Rise," i.e. /hi-tachi/, implying the east end, but the Chinese characters used to write the name actually mean "Always-Land," i.e. /hita-chi/)

[edit] Tōsandō 東山道 (East-Mountain-Route)

[edit] Some brief periods

  • Ōmi 近江国 (literally "(Near) Freshwater Sea," see Lake Biwako)
  • Mino 美濃国
  • Hida 飛騨国
  • Shinano 信濃国
    • circa 721 to circa 738
      • Shinano 信濃国
      • Suwa 諏訪国
  • Kōzuke 上野国 (literally "Upper Keno," part of ancient Keno Province)
  • Shimotsuke 下野国 (literally "Lower Keno," part of ancient Keno Province)
  • Mutsu 陸奥国 (also called Michinoku　陸奥（みちのく）, literally "Obscure Recesses of the Land")
  • Dewa 出羽国
    • Since 1868

[edit] Hokurikudō 北陸道 (North-Land-Route)

  • Wakasa　若狭国
  • Echizen 越前国
  • Kaga (divided from Echizen in 823)
  • Noto (Divided from Etchu in 718. Although occupied by Etchu in 741, Noto divided from Etchu in 757)
  • Etchū 越中国
  • Echigo 越後国
  • Sado　佐渡国 (Although occupied by Echigo in 743, Sado divided from Echigo in 752)

[edit] San'indō 山陰道 (Mountain-Back-Route)

  • Tamba　丹波国
  • Tango 丹後国 (Divided from Tamba in 713)
  • Tajima　但馬国
  • Inaba　因幡国
  • Hōki　伯耆国
  • Izumo　出雲国
  • Iwami　石見国
  • Oki　隠岐国 (a group of several islands in the Sea of Japan north of Shimane Prefecture)

[edit] San'yodō 山陽道 (Mountain-Front-Route)

[edit] Nankaidō 南海道　(South-Sea-Route)

  • Kii 紀伊国 (also called Ki)
  • Awaji 淡路国 (literally Path to Awa Province; the largest island in the Seto Inland Sea, located between the Kii Peninsula of Honshū to the east and the island of Shikoku to the west)
  • Awa　阿波国
  • Sanuki　讃岐国
  • Iyo　伊予国
  • Tosa　土佐国

[edit] Saikaidō 西海道　(West-Sea-Route)

  • Chikuzen　筑前国(part of ancient Chikushi Province)
  • Chikugo　筑後国(part of ancient Chikushi Province)
  • Buzen 豊前国　(part of ancient Toyo Province)
  • Bungo 豊後国　(part of ancient Toyo Province)
  • Hizen 肥前国　(part of ancient Hi Province)
  • Higo 肥後国　(part of ancient Hi Province)
  • Hyūga　日向国
  • Ōsumi 大隈国 (divided from Hyūga in 713)
    • From 702 to 734
      • Osumi Province
      • Tane 多褹国 (small islands south of Kyūshū)
  • Satsuma　薩摩国 (divided from Hyūga in 702)
  • Iki 壱岐国　(an island in the Genkai-Nada region of the Sea of Japan north of Kyūshū)
  • Tsushima 対馬国　(a pair of islands between Japan and Korea, separating the Korea Strait from the Tsushima Strait)

[edit] Other

[edit] Hokkaidō (North-Sea-Route)

Renamed Ezo Region to Hokkaidō, and place 11 provinces (1869-1882)

[edit] Related Links

[edit] External Links

Former province names and borders based on Kojiki(古事記)(pre-Ritsuryō)

Gokihachido(五畿八道)

Former provinces of Japan

Aki | Awa (Kanto) | Awa (Shikoku) | Awaji | Bingo | Bitchu | Bizen | Bungo | Buzen | Chikugo | Chikuzen | Chishima | Dewa | Echigo | Echizen | Etchū | Harima | Hida | Higo | Hitachi | Hidaka | Hizen | Hoki | Hyūga | Iburi | Iga | Iki | Inaba | Ise | Ishikari | Iwami | Iyo | Izu | Izumi | Izumo | Kaga | Kai | Kawachi | Kazusa | Kii | Kitami | Kōzuke | Kushiro | Mikawa | Mimasaka | Mino | Musashi | Mutsu | Nagato | Nemuro | Noto | Oki | Omi | Oshima | Osumi | Owari | Sado | Sagami | Sanuki | Satsuma | Settsu | Shima | Shimousa | Shimotsuke | Shinano | Shiribeshi | Suō | Suruga | Tajima | Tamba | Tango | Teshio | Tokachi | Tosa | Tōtōmi | Tsushima | Wakasa | Yamashiro | Yamato | Yoshino

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