List of Jewish Fellows of the Royal Society
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Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
This is a list of religious or ethnic Jews or people of Jewish descent who are or were Fellows or Foreign Members of the Royal Society of London.
[edit] Fellows
[edit] A
- Samson Abramsky, computer scientist 2004 (JYB 2007 p198)
- Saul Adler (JYB 1960 p216)
- Ephraim Anderson,[1] microbiologist 1968
- Edward Neville da Costa Andrade (JYB 1977 p207)
- Charlotte Auerbach (JYB 1977 p207)
[edit] B
- J. D. Bernal,[2] physicist (Jewish father) 1937
- Sir Michael Berry,[3] mathematical physicist 1982
- Abram Besicovitch,[4] mathematician 1934
- Moses Blackman (JYB 1977 p207)
- Sir Walter Bodmer [5]
- David Bohm,[6] physicist, philosopher 1990
- Sir Hermann Bondi,[7] cosmologist 1959 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Gustav Victor Rudolf Born,[8] pharmacologist and embryologist 1972 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Max Born,[9] physicist, Nobel Prize (1954) (JYB 2000 p212)
- Sydney Brenner,[10][9] Nobel Prize (2002), 1965 (JYB 2000 p211-2)
- Edith Bulbring,[11] pharmacologist, 1958 (Jewish mother)
- Sir Arnold Burgen, 1964 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] C
- Sir Roy Calne (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Ernst Boris Chain[12][9] Nobel Prize (1965), 1949
- Sir Philip Cohen, 1978 (JYB 2004 p212)
- Sydney Cohen, 1990 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] D
- Emanuel Mendes da Costa[13][14]
- Moses da Costa, also called Anthony da Costa[15]
- Henry Daniels, [16] President of the Royal Statistical Society (1980)
- Samuel Devons, 1955 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Benjamin Disraeli,[17] politician 1876 [Born Jewish, but converted to Anglicanism]
- Cyril Domb, 1977 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Jack David Dunitz, 1974 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Raymond Dwek, 1998 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] E
- Sir Michael Epstein, pathologist virologist 1979 (Vice-President, 1986-91) (JYB 2005 p214)
- Arthur Erdélyi,[4] 1975
[edit] F
- Wilhelm Feldberg, 1947 (JYB 1977 p207) biologist
- Sir Alan Fersht,[18] protein folding 1983 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Sir Monty Finniston (vice-president 1971-2) (JYB 1977 p206-7)
- Michael Fisher,[3] 1971
- Martin Fleischmann [19], chemist
- Sir Otto Frankel, geneticist[20]
- Otto Robert Frisch, physicist [21]
- Albrecht Fröhlich[22]
- Herbert Fröhlich, 1951 (JYB 1990 p201)
[edit] G
- Dennis Gabor,[9] physicist Nobel Prize (1971) 1952
- David Glass [23], demographer (1971)
- Eugen Glueckauf, 1969 (JYB 1980 p182)
- Ian Glynn, 1970 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Thomas Gold, physicist astronomer 1964 (Encyclopedia Judaica 3:807)
- Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, first Jewish baronet 1828 (Jewish Encyclopedia VI, 31)
- Sydney Goldstein,[24] expert on fluid mechanics
- Jeffrey Goldstone, 1977 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Benjamin Gompertz,[25] actuary mathematician 1828
- Ian Grant (JYB 2005 p214)
- Michael Green, string theorist 1989
- Hans Gruneberg, 1956 (JYB 1967 p208) biologist
- Sir Ludwig Guttmann,[26] neurologist
[edit] H
- Jack Halpern, 1974 (Encyclopedia Judaica 5:383)
- Sir Henry Harris, medicine 1968 (Encyclopedia Judaica 4:138]])
- Sir Ian Heilbron, chemist 1931 (Encyclopedia Judaica 8:262)
- Hans Heilbronn, mathematician 1951 (JYB 1977, p207)
- Walter Heitler,[18] physicist quantum chemistry 1948
- Sir Peter Hirsch,[18] material science 1963 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Sir Gabriel Horn, 1986 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Herbert Huppert, 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] I
- Alick Isaacs,[27][28] virologist, interferon 1966 (JYB 1967 p209)
- David Ish-Horowicz, 2002 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] J
- Sir George Jessel,[29] solicitor general 1871-73 1880
- Brian Josephson,[9] physicist Nobel Prize (1943) 1970 (JYB 2000 p211)
[edit] K
- George Kalmus, 1988 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Bernard Katz,[30][9] medicine Nobel Prize (1970) 1952 (JYB 2000 p211)
- David Keilin[28] 1928
- Andrew Keller,[31] 1972
- Olga Kennard, crystallographer 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Aaron Klug,[32] chemist Nobel Prize (1982) 1969 (President of RS 1995-2000) (JYB 2000 p211)
- Sir Hans Kornberg, 1965 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Hans Kosterlitz,[33] medicine, endorphins 1978
- Sir Hans Adolf Krebs,[9][34] biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953)
- Sir John Krebs, biologist 1984 (father was Sir Hans Krebs (Who's Who); see above)
- Hans Kronberger (physicist),[35] nuclear physicist
- Harold Kroto,[36] chemist, Nobel Prize (1996) (Jewish father) 1990
- Nicholas Kurti,[3] physicist, Vice-President of RS 1965-67 1956
[edit] L
- Michael Levitt,[28] biophysicist, computational biology 2001
- Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell,[37] 1920
- Henry Lipson (JYB 1990 p201)
- Hans Lissmann (JYB 1995 p193)
- Sir Ben Lockspeiser (JYB 1990 p201)
- George Lusztig,[4] 1983
[edit] M
- Kurt Mahler, mathematician 1948 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Joel Mandelstam (JYB 2005 p214)
- Stanley Mandelstam, theoretical physicist 1962 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Raphael Meldola, chemist 1886 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 11:1290)
- Kurt Mendelssohn, German-born British medical physicist cryogenic engineering (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:492)
- Leon Mestel, astronomer 1977 (JYB 2005 p214); son of Rabbi Solomon Mestel(Who's Who 2006)
- Samuel Milner, 1922
- César Milstein,[38] medicine, Nobel Prize (1984) 1975 (JYB 2000 p211-2)
- Alfred Mond, chemist 1928 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 4:1298, 12:241)
- Ludwig Mond,[39] chemist 1891
- Sir Robert Mond, chemist and archaeologist (Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Mond)
- Sir Moses Montefiore,[40] 1836
- Louis Mordell, 1924 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 12:315)
[edit] N
- F.R. Nunes Nabarro, British-South African physicist 1971 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Albert Neuberger,[41] chemical pathologist 1951
- Michael Neuberger, biochemist 1993 (son of Albert Neuberger; see Who's Who)
- Bernhard Neumann, 1959 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Max Newman,[42] 1939
- Sir Gustav Nossal[43]biologist 1982 (Jewish father)
[edit] O
- Leslie Orgel,[18] 1962 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Egon Orowan, Hungarian-born British U.S. physicist 1947 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] P
- Friedrich Paneth, chemist 1947 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:54)
- Rudolf Peierls, physicist 1945 (JYB 1995 p193)
- Michael Pepper, physicist 1983 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Max Perutz,[9] chemist, Nobel Prize (1962) 1954 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Gordon Plotkin,[44] 1992
- John Charles Polanyi,[45] chemist, Nobel Prize (1986) 1971
- Michael Polanyi,[46][18] chemist and philosopher 1944
- Guido Pontecorvo, 1955 (JYB 1995 p193)
- Sir Karl Popper, philosopher of science 1976 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:863)
[edit] Q
- Juda Quastel,[28] biochemist 1940
[edit] R
- Richard Rado,[47] combinatorics, graph theory 1978
- Ralph Raphael, 1962 (JYB 1995 p193)
- Ivan Roitt, immunologist 1983 (JYB 2005 p214) (JYB 2000 p211)
- Douglas Ross,[48] physicist 2005
- Sir Joseph Rotblat,[49][9] founder of Pugwash conference, Nobel Prize for Peace (1995) (JYB 2000 p211)
- Klaus Roth[4]
- Sir Martin Roth (JYB 2005 p214)
- Lionel Rothschild M.P., 1911 (JYB 1920 p175)
- Dame Miriam Louisa Rothschild,[50] entomologist, zoologist 1985 (JYB 2000 p211)
- Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild 1953 (JYB 1990 p199,202,259)
[edit] S
- Leo Sachs,[51] 1997
- Peter Sarnak,[52] 2002
- Arthur Schuster, 1879 (Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1012]]
- Dennis Sciama, cosmologist (JYB 1995 p193)
- Anthony Segal, 1998 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Isaac de Sequeira Samuda[53] (first Jewish FRS; elected 1727)
- David Shoenberg, physics of low temperatures (JYB 1995 p193)
- Bernard Silverman,[54] statistician
- Louis Siminovitch[55] 1991
- Sir Francis Simon, 1941 Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1578; Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Berlin of Jewish parentage"
- Franz Sondheimer, organic chemist 1967 (JYB 2005 p214)
- David Spiegelhalter, statistician (JYB 2007 p198)
- James Joseph Sylvester,[56] mathematician 1839
- Michael Szwarc, polymer chemistry 1966 (Encyclopedia Judaica, 15:670)
[edit] T
- David Tabor, 1963 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Samuel Tolansky,[57] 1952, spectroscopist
[edit] U
[edit] V
- Leslie Valiant,[44] computer scientist, parallel computation 1991
- Sir John Vane,[18] medicine, Nobel Prize (1982) 1974
[edit] W
- Felix Weinberg, 1983 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Lawrence Weiskrantz, 1980 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Nathaniel Wolf, 1777
- Sir Isaac Wolfson, 1963 (JYB 1965 p214)
- Lord Leonard Wolfson (honorary FRS 2005) (JYB 2005 p212)
- Lewis Wolpert,[58] embryologist 1980
- Michael Woolfson, crystallographer, computer simulation 1984 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Henry de Worms, 1st Baron Pirbright,[59] 1889
[edit] X
[edit] Y
- Alec David Young, aero-engineer 1973 (JYB 2005 p214)
[edit] Z
- Oliver Zangwill, psychologist, 1967 (JYB 1980 p182)
- John Ziman,[3] 1967
- Lord Solly Zuckerman, anatomist, evolutionist 1943 (JYB 1965 p214)
[edit] Foreign members
[edit] A
- Anatole Abragam,[3] French physicist, father of NMR 1983
- Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov,[9] Russian physicist, Nobel Prize (2003) 2001
- Vladimir Arnold[60][4]
[edit] B
- David Baltimore,[9] U.S. biologist, retroviruses, Nobel Prize (1975) 1987
- Grigory Barenblatt,[4] Russian-U.S. mathematician 2000
- Seymour Benzer,[61] U.S. biophysicist, genetics 1976
- Paul Berg,[9] chemist, Head of Human Genome Project, Nobel Prize (1980) 1992
- Hans Bethe,[9] German-U.S. physicist, Nobel Prize (1967) 1957 (JYB 2005 p215)
- Konrad Bloch,[62] German biochemist, Nobel Prize (1964) 1985
- Raoul Bott,[63] Hungarian-born U.S. 2005
- Ronald Breslow,[18] U.S. 2000
- Michael Stuart Brown,[9] U.S. medicine Nobel Prize (1985) 1991
[edit] C
- Melvin Calvin,[9] U.S. photosynthesis, Nobel Prize (1961) 1959 (JYB 2005 p215)
- Ernst Cohen, Netherlands chemist, 1926 (JYB 1965 p214)
- Ferdinand Cohn,[64] German botanist, founder of the science of bacteriology, 1897
[edit] D
[edit] E
- Albert Einstein,[9] German-U.S. physicist, Nobel Prize (1921) 1921
- Thomas Eisner,[61] evolutionary biology, 1997
- Paul Ehrlich,[9] immunology, haematology Nobel Prize (1908} 1910
- Gertrude Elion,[9] medicine, Nobel Prize (1988) 1995
- Paul Erdős,[65] Hungarian-born Israeli U.S. mathematician 1989
[edit] F
- Ugo Fano,[66] physicist
- William Feller, statistician[67]
- Richard Feynman, physicist (JYB 2000, p211)
- James Franck,[9] German-born U.S. physicist Nobel Prize (1925) 1964
- Sigmund Freud,[68] Psychiatrist, founder of psychoanalysis 1936
- Otto Frisch,[69] Austrian-born British physicist 1948
[edit] G
- Herbert Gasser,[9] medicine Nobel Prize (1944) 1946
- Israel Gelfand[70] Ukrainian-born Russian-American mathematician 1977
- Murray Gell-Mann,[9] U.S. physicist Nobel Prize (1969) 1978
- Walter Gilbert,[9] U.S. chemist Nobel Prize (1980) 1987
- Henry Gilman,[18] U.S. organometallic chemist 1975
- Vitaly Ginzburg,[9] Russian physicist, Nobel Prize (2003) 1987
- Roy Glauber,[71] U.S. physicist, Nobel Prize (2005) 1997
- Salome Gluecksohn-Waelsch[72][73], German-born U.S. geneticist, co-founder of developmental genetics 1995
- Peter Goldreich,[61] U.S. astrophysicist 1904
- Victor Goldschmidt[74]Swiss-born U.S. chemist, founder of modern geochemistry 1943
- Joseph L. Goldstein,[9] U.S. biologist Nobel Prize (1985) 1991
[edit] H
- Jacques Hadamard, French mathematician, functional analysis 1932 (JYB 1960, p216)
- George de Hevesy,[9] Hungarian-born Swedish chemist Nobel Prize (1943) 1939 (JYB 1965, p214)
- Roald Hoffmann,[9] Polish-born U.S. chemist Nobel Prize (1981) electronic structures 1984
- Erwin Hahn,[3] U.S. physicist, nuclear spin echoes NMR 2000
[edit] I
- Werner Israel,[3] German-born Canadian physicist and cosmologist 1986
[edit] J
- Francois Jacob,[9] French biologist Nobel Prize (1965) 1973
- Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, also called Karl Jacobi,[75][76] German mathematician 1833
[edit] K
- Theodore von Karman,[77] Hungarian-born U.S. aeronautical engineer 1946
- Martin Karplus,[18] Austrian-born U.S. chemist 2000
- Ephraim Katzir, Ukrainian-born Israeli chemist, fourth President of Israel 1977 (JYB 2005 p215)
- Joseph Keller,[61] U.S. mathematician 1986
- Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov,[3] Russian physicist 1994
- Marc Kirschner,[78] U.S. cell biologist 1999
- Walter Kohn,[9] Austrian-born U.S. chemist Nobel Prize (1998) 1998
- Arthur Kornberg,[9] U.S. chemist Nobel Prize for Medicine (1959) 1970 (JYB 2005 p215)
- Hugo Kronecker,[28] German-born Swiss physiologist 1909
- Leopold Kronecker,[79] German mathematician 1884
- Martin Kruskal,[3] U.S. physicist 1997
[edit] L
- Edwin Land,[80][61] U.S. inventor 1986
- Lev Landau,[9] Azebarjan-born Russian physicist Nobel Prize (1962) 1960
- Karl Landsteiner,[9] Austrian-born U.S. biologist Nobel Prize (1930) 1941
- Joshua Lederberg,[9] U.S. scientist medicine Nobel Prize (1958) 1979
- Solomon Lefschetz,[81] Russian-born U.S. mathematician topology 1961
- Tullio Levi-Civita[80] Italian mathematician 1930
- Rita Levi-Montalcini,[9] Italian-born U.S. scientist Nobel Prize (1986) in medicine 1995
- Evgeny Lifshitz,[3] Russian physicist and astronomer 1982
- Fritz Lipmann,[9] German-born U.S. physicist Nobel Prize (1962) 1962 (JYB 1990, p202)
- Gabriel Lippmann,[9] Luxembourg-born French physicist Nobel Prize (1908) 1896
- Otto Loewi,[82] German-born U.S. biochemist and pharmacologist Nobel Prize (1936) 1954 (JYB 1960, p216)
- Andre Lwoff,[9] French scientist Nobel Prize (1965) 1958
[edit] M
- Rudolph Marcus,[9] Canadian-born U.S. chemist Nobel Prize (1992) 1987
- Lise Meitner, Austrian-born Swedish physicist nuclear fission 1955 (JYB 1965, p214)
- Matthew Meselson,[28] U.S. molecular biologist 1984
- Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov or Elie Metchnikoff,[9] Ukrainian-born Russian French scientist Nobel Prize (1908) in medicine 1895
- Otto Meyerhof,[9] German-born U.S. scientist Nobel Prize (1922) 1937
- Elliot Meyerowitz,[28] U.S. biologist (plants) 2004
- Albert Michelson,[9] Polish-born U.S. physicist Nobel Prize (1907) 1902
- Henri Moissan,[9] French chemist, artificial diamonds, Nobel Prize (1906) 1905
- Hermann Joseph Muller (JYB 1965, p214)
- Walter Munk,[83] Austrian-born U.S. geophysicist 1976
[edit] N
[edit] O
- George Olah,[9] Hungarian-born U.S. chemist Nobel Prize (1994) 1997
- J. Robert Oppenheimer, U.S. Physicist (JYB 1965, p214)
[edit] P
- Wolfgang Pauli,[9] Austrian-born U.S. Swedish physicist Nobel Prize (1945) 1953
- Alexander Pines,[84] chemist MRI NMR 2002
- Frank Press,[61] U.S. geophysicist President of NAS 1985
- Stanley Prusiner,[9][85] U.S. scientist Nobel Prize (1997) medicine 1997
[edit] Q
[edit] R
- Tadeus Reichstein,[9] Polish-born Switzerland chemist Nobel Prize (1950) in medicine 1952 (JYB 1995, p193)
- Michael Rossmann,[18] 1986
[edit] S
- Julius von Sachs,[28] German founder of experimental plant physiology 1888
- Edwin Salpeter,[3] Austrian-born Australian U.S. astronomer 1993
- Martin Schwarzschild,[3] German-born U.S. astronomer 1996
- Gilbert Stork,[18] Belgian-born U.S. organic chemist 1999
[edit] T
- Valentine Telegdi,[3] Hungarian-born Switzerland U.S. physicist 2003
- Howard Temin,[9] U.S. scientist retroviruses Nobel Prize (1975) 1988
[edit] U
[edit] V
- Harold E. Varmus,[9] U.S. scientist Nobel Prize (1989) in medicine 2005
[edit] W
- Otto Warburg,[9] German chemist Nobel Prize (1931) in medicine 1934 (JYB 1977, p207)
- Andre Weil,[86] French U.S. mathematician group theory Algebraic geometry 1966
- Steven Weinberg,[9] U.S. physicist electroweak force Nobel Prize (1979) 1981
- Charles Weissmann,[87][18] Hungarian-born Switzerland British molecular biologist 1983
- Frank Westheimer,[18] U.S. chemist 1983
- Edward Witten,[4] U.S. mathematician and physicist Fields Medal (1990) 1999
[edit] X
[edit] Y
- Charles Yanofsky,[88] U.S. scientist medicine 1985
[edit] Z
- Richard Zare,[89][3] U.S. physicist 1999
- Yakov Zeldovich,[90] Belarussian-born Russian physicist astronomer 1979
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ Anthony Tucker, ES Anderson (obituary), The Guardian, March 22, 2006. Accessed 22 June 2006.
- ^ JInfo.org list of Jews profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century (Thinkers of the Twentieth Century, edited by Roland Turner, St. James Press, 1988). Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n JInfo.org list of Jewish physicists. Accessed 23 March 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g JInfo.org list of Jewish Mathematicians. Accessed 23 March 2006.
- ^ Radio National Australia interview with Sir Walter: "I’m half Ashkenazy Jewish myself" Accessed 21 Feb 2007
- ^ Fred Pruyn, Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm, on theosophy-nw.org. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ Professor Sir Hermann Bondi (obituary), The Telegraph (UK), 13 September 2005. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ Gustav V. R. Born, The Born Family in Göttingen and Beyond on Termessos.de. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw Jewish Nobel Prize Winners on Jewish Virtual Library. Accessed 23 March 2006.
- ^ Sydney Brenner on sahistory.org.za. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ Lyn Smith, excerpt from Forgotten Voices of The Holocaust on the site of Random House UK. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ Mary Ellen Bowden, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain: Pharmaceutical Achievers on chemheritage.org. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ Joseph Jacobs and Goodman Lipkind, Costa, Emanuel Mendez da, Jewish Encyclopedia (1901-1906), accessed online 29 September 2006.
- ^ David B. Ruderman, Jewish Enlightenment in an English Key: Anglo-Jewry's Construction of Modern Jewish Thought, Princeton University Press (2001), ISBN 0-691-04883-5. Sample chapter online accessed 29 September 2006.
- ^ Costa, Anthony da, Jewish Encyclopedia IV p. 289.
- ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His was a Jewish family of Russian (partly Polish and partly Lithuanian) origin."
- ^ Benjamin Disraeli on Britannia.com. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m JInfo.org list of Jewish Chemists. Accessed 23 March 2006.
- ^ Montclair State University: "Martin Fleischmann, now a naturalized British subject, was born March 29, 1927, in Karlsbad, Czechoslovakia, to Jewish parents." Accessed 13 March 2007. Copied from pages 46-49 of E.F. Mallove's book : "Fire from Ice; Searching for Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furror," John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991.
- ^ Interview by Australian Academy of Sciences: "An Austrian Jew's entry into the British Empire"; accessed 11 November 2006.
- ^ JYB 1980 p182; Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Frisch, Otto Robert
- ^ Albrecht Fröhlich obituary/biography (PDF) on the site of the Royal Society. Accessed 16 April 2006.
- ^ Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, Oct. 6 1978, p.32
- ^ Sydney Goldstein biography on the site of the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Says he was "of strong Jewish beliefs." Accessed 26 September 2006.
- ^ Database entry on Benjamin Gompertz on the site of the Royal Society. Accessed 16 April 2006.
- ^ Paralympics on Thinkquest.org refers to "Ludwig Guttman, a Jewish neurologist and refugee from Nazi Germany". Accessed 16 April 2006. Dr. Uriel Simri on International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame: "Sir Ludwig Guttmann, a German Jewish doctor" Accessed 19 October 2006
- ^ Alick Isaacs on the site of The Gazetteer for Scotland. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h JInfo.org list of Jews in medical and life sciences. Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ Sir George Jessel in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, 1911.
- ^ Bernard Katz on Jewish Virtual Library. Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ Database entry on Andrew Keller on the site of the Royal Society. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ Aaron Klug autobiography on the NobelPrize.org site. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ JInfo.org list of Jewish winners of the Lasker Award in Basic Medical Research. Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, whonamedit.com, accessed 21 June 2006.
- ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Linz, Austria, of Jewish parents"
- ^ Harold Kroto autobiography, in Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1996, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, Nobel Foundation, Stockholm., 1997
- ^ Jewish Science and Technology Books, accessed 21 June 2006.
- ^ Cesar Milstein, Jewish Virtual Library. Accessed 30 June 2006.
- ^ Ludwig Mond, Encyclopædia Britannica online. Accessed 30 June 2006.
- ^ MONTEFIORE, SIR MOSES HAIM Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition. Scanned online copy accessed 30 June 2006.
- ^ JInfo.org list of Jewish Biomedical and Life Scientists. Comprehensive list. Accessed 31 July 2006.
- ^ Martin Sugarman, Jewish RAF Special Operators in Radio Counter Measures with 101 Squadron, Jewish Virtual Library. Accessed 31 July 2006.
- ^ Max Blythe, Interview with Sir Gustav Nossal, Australian Academy of Science, 1998. Accessed 31 July 2006.
- ^ a b JInfo.org list of Jewish Computer and Information Scientists. Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ JInfo.org list of Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry. Accessed 26 March 2006.
- ^ Paul Knepper, "Michael Polanyi and Jewish Identity", Philosophy of the Social Sciences. 2005; 35: 263-293. (Subscription site online)
- ^ Richard Rado biography, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Accessed online 16 August 2006.
- ^ The RETURN Statement: Against the Israeli Law of Return - For the Palestinian Right to Return, archived March 8, 2005 on the Internet Archive.
- ^ Joseph Rotblat, 96; Nobel Winner Who Supported Nuclear Disarmament, Los Angeles Times obituary of Joseph Rotblat, reproduced on the site of Pugwash. Accessed online 16 August 2006.
- ^ Miriam L. Rothschild Obituary Australian Jewish News 27 December 2005 from Web Archive
- ^ Jewish winners of the GM Cancer Foundation Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize on JInfo.org. Accessed 27 August 2006.
- ^ Jewish winners of the Frank Nelson Cole Prizes in Algebra and Number Theory on JInfo.org. Accessed 27 August 2006.
- ^ Database entry on Isaac de Sequeira Samuda on the site of the Royal Society. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ List of Jewish petition signatories, Jews for Justice for Palestinians Accessed 22 November 2006.
- ^ Louis (Lou) Siminovitch profile on science.ca. Accessed 27 August 2006.
- ^ James Joseph Sylvester on The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "son of Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants"
- ^ Science Line - Biology and Medicine - Careers Information - Professor Lewis Wolpert, ScienceNet.org, archived on the Internet Archive February 5, 2005. Wolpert is an outspoken atheist, a self-described "atheist reductionist materialist": Robin McKie, Is it all piety in the sky?, The Guardian, March 19, 2006. Accessed online 15 September 2006.
- ^ entry on Henry de Worms on the site of the Royal Society. Accessed 18 April 2006.
- ^ geniebusters.org, unsigned piece. "However, I am a man of many hats. There are times when I put on my Ludwig Wittgenstein hat, or my Vladimir Arnold hat, or my Robert Alter hat, or my Aryeh Kaplan hat (among many others) and tap into their way of thinking. I am not going to join them, but I am not going to ignore them, either. It's very, very stupid to refuse to learn from 'Jewish physics.'" Accessed 28 September 2006
- ^ a b c d e f JInfo.org list of Jewish winners of the US National Medal of Science. Accessed 23 March 2006.
- ^ Samuel Kurinsky Jewish Nobel Prize Winners Part IIIA: Biomedical Sciences 1908-1965; Fact Paper 44-IIIA, Hebrew History Federation. Accessed 28 September 2006.
- ^ Raoul Bott biography, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Accessed 28 September 2006.
- ^ The Jewish 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Jews of all Time (Citadel Press Book, 1994), by Michael Shapiro. Page on www.adherents.com, accessed 26 September 2006, cites him as number 40 on the list.
- ^ Gerhard Falk, Biography of Paul Erdos, jboff.com. Accessed 1 October 2006.
- ^ Obituary in Nature "A member of a wealthy Italian Jewish family" Accessed 24 Nov 2006.
- ^ J J O'Connor and E R Robertson, "Mathemetician Biography -- William Feller", Augarithms, Augsburg College, Volume 6, Number 8, February 12, 2003. Accessed 1 October 2006. However, the William Feller biography on the site of the School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland (also by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson and also accessed 1 October 2006), says that while he was a refugee from the Nazis, his mother was Roman Catholic and his original surname was not Feller but "as Gian-Carlo Rota put it, a Slavic tongue twister".) Sanford Segal, Mathematicians under the Nazis, Princeton University Press, 2003, p.460 states "…Tornier had collaborated with Willi Feller (who was Jewish)…"
- ^ Rebecca Weiner, The Virtual Jewish History Tour: Vienna "Vienna was home to many influential Jews, including Sigmund Freud" accessed 3 October 2006.
- ^ Mike Dowling, The Manhattan Project, mrdowling.com. January 22, 2006. Accessed 5 October 2006.
- ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica (CD-Rom edition) art. GELFAND, IZRAIL MOISEVICH; also, art. Mathematicians lists him among Modern Jewish mathematicians
- ^ Jewish Nobel Prize winners in physics, JInfo.org. Accessed 8 October 2006.
- ^ Scott F. Gilbert, Induction and the Origins of Developmental Genetics, DevBio, Sinauer Associates. Accessed 8 October 2006.
- ^ Hyman, P.E./Moore, D.D., eds. 1998. Jewish Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge.
- ^ Bob Weintraub, "Victor Moritz Goldschmidt (1888-1947): Father of Modern Geochemistry and of Crystal Chemistry: "Goldschmidt was born in Zurich to Jewish parents". Accessed 9 October 2006.
- ^ Israel Cohen, Jewish Life in Modern Times, originally published Methuen 1914; Book V, Chapter III: Contributions to general culture and progress. Available online at the Virtual Shtetl on ibiblio.org. (TOC.) Accessed 16 October 2006.
- ^ Erich Friedman, Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, Periodic Table of Mathematicians, on the site of Stetson University. Accessed 16 October 2006.
- ^ Theodore von Karman: In his own words on the site of Arnold Air Force Base. Accessed 13 October 2006.
- ^ Jewish winners of the Gairdner Foundation Award, JInfo.org. Accessed 13 October 2006.
- ^ Leopold Kronecker, Leopold Kronecker biography, on the site of the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Accessed 16 October 2006.
- ^ a b List of Jewish Scientists and Technicians, jewish-sci-tech-books.com. Accessed 16 October 2006.
- ^ J J O'Connor and E F Robertson, Solomon Lefschetz biography, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Accessed 16 October 2006.
- ^ List of jewish Nobel prizewinners, Jewish Nobel Prize Winners, Jewish Virtual Library, accessed 16 October 2006
- ^ Jewish winners of the Kyoto Prize, JInfo.org. Accessed 18 October 2006.
- ^ Jewish Winners of the Wolf Prize in Chemistry, JInfo.org. Accessed 23 October 2006
- ^ Naomi Segal, UCSF doctor wins Israeli prize, Jewish News Weekly of Northern California, April 12, 1996: "Prusiner, who is Jewish". Accessed 3 October 2006
- ^ J J O'Connor and E F Robertson, André Weil biography, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Accessed 18 October 2006
- ^ Scientist drawn by mad cow mystery, Palm Beach Post, February 8, 2004. " During World War II, his father, a film distributor, kept their Jewish family in Rio de Janeiro…" Accessed 23 October 2006.
- ^ Jewish winners of the Gairdner Foundation award, JInfo.org. Accessed 24 October 2006.
- ^ Janet Basu, Fourth Rock from the Sun: Mars discovery puts professor in spotlight, Stanford Today, November/December 1996: "There was a sense that he was a representative of the Jewish people sojourning in America." Accessed 13 Oct 2006.
- ^ Jewish winners of the Dirac Medal, JInfo.org. Accessed 24 October 2006.
[edit] References
JYB = Jewish Year Book, annual since 1896