List of Captains Regent of San Marino
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Every 6 months, the Great and General Council of San Marino elects two Captains Regent (Capitani Reggenti) to be the heads of state. Normally the Regents are chosen from opposing parties. They serve a 6-month term. The investiture of the Captains Regent takes place on April 1 and October 1 in every year. The practice of dual heads of government is derived directly from the customs of the Roman Republic, equivalent to the consuls of ancient Rome.
Year | Semester¹ | Captain Regent | Captain Regent |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | April | Domenico Fattori | Antonio Righi |
1900 | October | Giovanni Bonelli | Pietro Ugolini |
1901 | April | Luigi Tonnini | Marino Nicolini |
1901 | October | Antonio Belluzzi | Pasquale Busignani |
1902 | April | Onofrio Fattori | Egidio Ceccoli |
1902 | October | Gemino Gozi | Giacomo Marcucci |
1903 | April | Federico Gozi | Nullo Balducci |
1903 | October | Marino Borbiconi | Francesco Marcucci |
1904 | April | Menetto Bonelli | Vincenzo Mularoni |
1904 | October | Luigi Tonnini | Gustavo Babboni |
1905 | April | Antonio Belluzzi | Pasquale Busignani |
1905 | October | Onofrio Fattori | Piermatteo Carattoni |
1906 | April | Giovanni Belluzzi | Pietro Francini |
1906 | October | Alfredo Reffi | Giovanni Arzilli |
1907 | April | Ciro Belluzzi | Francesco Pasquali |
1907 | October | Giuseppe Angeli | Francesco Valli |
1908 | April | Menetto Bonelli | Gustavo Babboni |
1908 | October | Olinto Amati | Raffaele Michetti |
1909 | April | Luigi Tonnini | Domenico Suzzi Valli |
1909 | October | Marino Borbiconi | Giacomo Marcucci |
1910 | April | Alfredo Reffi | Giovanni Arzilli |
1910 | October | Giovanni Belluzzi | Luigi Lonfernini |
1911 | April | Moro Morri | Cesare Stacchini |
1911 | October | Onofrio Fattori | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi |
1912 | April | Gustavo Babboni | Francesco Pasquali |
1912 | October | Menetto Bonelli | Vincenzo Marcucci |
1913 | April | Giuseppe Angeli | Ignazio Grazia |
1913 | October | Cirro Belluzzi | Domenico Suzzi Valli |
1914 | April | Domenico Fattori | Ferruccio Martelli |
1914 | October | Olinto Amati | Cesare Stacchini |
1915 | April | Moro Morri | Antonio Burgagni |
1915 | October | Alfredo Reffi | Luigi Lonfernini |
1916 | April | Onofrio Fattori | Ciro Francini |
1916 | October | Gustavo Babboni | Giovanni Arzilli |
1917 | April | Egisto Morri | Vincenzo Marcucci |
1917 | October | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi | Giuseppe Balducci |
1918 | April | Ferruccio Martelli | Ermenegildo Mularoni |
1918 | October | Protogene Belloni | Francesco Morri |
1919 | April | Domenico Vicini | Pietro Suzzi Valli |
1919 | October | Moro Morri | Francesco Pasquali |
1920 | April | Marino Rossi | Ciro Francini |
1920 | Dec. 5 | Carlo Balsimelli | Simone Michelotti |
1921 | April | Marino Della Balda | Vincenzo Francini |
1921 | October | Egisto Morri | Giuseppe Lanci |
1922 | April | Eugenio Reffi | Giovanni Arzilli |
1922 | October | Onofrio Fattori | Giuseppe Balducci |
1923 | April | Giuliano Gozi | Filippo Mularoni |
1923 | October | Marino Borbiconi | Mario Michetti |
1924 | April | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi | Francesco Mularoni |
1924 | October | Francesco Morri | Girolamo Gozi |
1925 | April | Marino Fattori | Augusto Mularoni |
1925 | October | Valerio Pasquali | Marco Marcucci |
1926 | April | Manlio Gozi | Giuseppe Mularoni |
1926 | October | Giuliano Gozi | Ruggero Morri |
1927 | April | Gino Gozi | Marino Morri |
1927 | October | Marino Rossi | Nelson Burgagni |
1928 | April | Domenico Suzzi Valli | Francesco Pasquali |
1928 | October | Francesco Morri | Melchiorre Filippi |
1929 | April | Girolamo Gozi | Filippo Mularoni |
1929 | October | Ezio Balducci | Aldo Busignani |
1930 | April | Manlio Gozi | Marino Lonfernini (died September 10, replaced September 16 by Turiddu Foschi) |
1930 | October | Valerio Pasquali | Gino Ceccoli |
1931 | April | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi | Francesco Mularoni |
1931 | October | Domenico Suzzi Valli | Marino Morri |
1932 | April | Giuliano Gozi | Pompeo Righi |
1932 | October | Gino Gozi | Ruggero Morri |
1933 | April | Francesco Morri | Settimio Belluzzi |
1933 | October | Carlo Balsimelli | Melchiorre Filippi |
1934 | April | Marino Rossi | Giovanni Lonfernini (I) |
1934 | October | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi | Marino Michelotti |
1935 | April | Federico Gozi | Salvatore Foschi |
1935 | October | Pompeo Righi | Marino Morri |
1936 | April | Gino Gozi | Ruggero Morri |
1936 | October | Francesco Morri | Gino Ceccoli |
1937 | April | Giuliano Gozi | Settimio Belluzzi |
1937 | October | Marino Rossi | Giovanni Lonfernini (I) |
1938 | April | Manlio Gozi | Luigi Mularoni |
1938 | October | Carlo Balsimelli | Celio Gozi |
1939 | April | Pompeo Righi | Marino Morri |
1939 | October | Marino Michelotti | Orlando Reffi |
1940 | April | Angelo Manzoni Borghesi | Filippo Mularoni |
1940 | October | Federico Gozi | Salvatore Foschi |
1941 | April | Gino Gozi | Secondo Menicucci |
1941 | October | Giuliano Gozi | Giovanni Lonfernini (I) |
1942 | April | Settimio Belluzzi | Celio Gozi |
1942 | October | Carlo Balsimelli | Renato Martelli |
1943 | April | Marino Michelotti | Bartolomeo Manzoni Borghesi |
1943 | October | Marino Della Balda | Sante Lonfernini |
1944 | April | Francesco Balsimelli | Sanzio Valentini |
1944 | October | Teodoro Lonfernini | Leonida Suzzi Valli |
1945 | April | Alvaro Casali | Vittorio Valentini |
1945 | October | Ferruccio Martelli | Secondo Fiorini |
1946 | April | Giuseppe Forcellini | Vincenzo Pedini |
1946 | October | Filippo Martelli | Luigi Montironi |
1947 | April | Marino Della Balda | Luigi Zafferani |
1947 | October | Domenico Forcellini | Mariano Ceccoli |
1948 | April | Arnaldo Para | Giuseppe Renzi |
1948 | October | Giordano Giacomini | Domenico Tomassoni |
1949 | April | Ferruccio Martelli | Primo Bugli |
1949 | October | Vincenzo Pedini | Agostino Biordi |
1950 | April | Giuseppe Forcellini | Primo Taddei |
1950 | October | Marino Della Balda | Luigi Montironi |
1951 | April | Alvaro Casali | Romolo Giacomini |
1951 | October | Domenico Forcellini | Giovanni Terenzi |
1952 | April | Domenico Morganti | Mariano Ceccoli |
1952 | October | Arnaldo Para | Eugenio Bernardini |
1953 | April | Vincenzo Pedini | Alberto Reffi |
1953 | October | Giordano Giacomini | Giuseppe Renzi |
1954 | April | Giuseppe Forcellini | Secondo Fiorini |
1954 | October | Agostino Giacomini | Luigi Montironi |
1955 | April | Domenico Forcellini | Vittorio Meloni |
1955 | October | Primo Bugli | Giuseppe Maiani |
1956 | April | Mario Nanni | Enrico Andreoli |
1956 | October | Mariano Ceccoli | Eugenio Bernardini |
1957 | April | Giordano Giacomini | Primo Marani |
1957 | Oct. 10 | Provisional Government: Federico Bigi, Alvaro Casali, Pietro Giancecchi, Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti | |
1957 | Oct. 27 | Marino Valdes Franciosi | Federico Micheloni |
1958 | April | Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti | Stelio Montironi |
1958 | October | Domenico Forcellini | Pietro Reffi |
1959 | April | Marino Benedetto Belluzzi | Agostino Biordi |
1959 | October | Giuseppe Forcellini | Ferruccio Piva |
1960 | April | Alvaro Casali | Gino Vannucci |
1960 | October | Eugenio Reffi | Pietro Giancecchi |
1961 | April | Federico Micheloni | Giancarlo Ghironzi |
1961 | October | Giovanni Vito Marcucci | Pio Galassi |
1962 | April | Domenico Forcellini | Francesco Valli |
1962 | October | Antonio Maria Morganti | Agostino Biordi |
1963 | April | Leonida Suzzi Valli | Stelio Montironi |
1963 | October | Giovan Luigi Franciosi | Domenico Bollini |
1964 | April | Marino Benedetto Belluzzi | Eusebio Reffi |
1964 | October | Giuseppe Micheloni | Pier Marino Mularoni |
1965 | April | Ferruccio Piva | Federico Carattoni |
1965 | October | Alvaro Casali | Pietro Reffi |
1966 | April | Francesco Valli | Emilio Della Balda |
1966 | October | Giovanni Vito Marcucci | Francesco Maria Francini |
1967 | April | Vittorio Rossini | Alberto Lonfernini |
1967 | October | Domenico Forcellini | Romano Michelotti |
1968 | April | Marino Benedetto Belluzzi | Dante Rossi |
1968 | October | Pietro Giancecchi | Aldo Zavoli |
1969 | April | Ferruccio Piva | Stelio Montironi |
1969 | October | Alvaro Casali | Giancarlo Ghironzi |
1970 | April | Francesco Valli | Eusebio Reffi |
1970 | October | Simone Rossini | Giuseppe Lonfernini |
1971 | April | Luigi Lonfernini | Attilio Montanari |
1971 | October | Federico Carattoni | Marino Vagnetti |
1972 | April | Marino Benedetto Belluzzi | Giuseppe Micheloni |
1972 | October | Rosolino Martelli | Bruno Casali |
1973 | April | Francesco Maria Francini | Primo Bugli |
1973 | October | Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari | Giovan Luigi Franciosi |
1974 | April | Ferruccio Piva | Giordano Bruno Reffi |
1974 | October | Francesco Valli | Enrico Andreoli |
1975 | April | Alberto Cecchetti | Michele Righi |
1975 | October | Giovanni Vito Marcucci | Giuseppe Della Balda |
1976 | April | Clelio Galassi | Marino Venturini |
1976 | October | Primo Bugli | Virgilio Cardelli |
1977 | April | Alberto Lonfernini | Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari |
1977 | October | Giordano Bruno Reffi | Tito Masi |
1978 | April | Francesco Valli | Enrico Andreoli |
1978 | October | Ermenegildo Gasperoni | Adriano Reffi |
1979 | April | Marino Bollini | Lino Celli |
1979 | October | Giuseppe Amici | Germano De Biagi |
1980 | April | Pietro Chiaruzzi | Primo Marani |
1980 | October | Giancarlo Berardi | Rossano Zafferani |
1981 | April | Gastone Pasolini | Maria Lea Pedini Angelini |
1981 | October | Mario Rossi | Ubaldo Biordi |
1982 | April | Giuseppe Maiani | Marino Venturini |
1982 | October | Libero Barulli | Maurizio Gobbi |
1983 | April | Adriano Reffi | Massimo Roberto Rossini |
1983 | October | Renzo Renzi | Germano De Biagi |
1984 | April | Gloriana Ranocchini | Giorgio Crescentini |
1984 | October | Marino Bollini | Giuseppe Amici |
1985 | April | Enzo Colombini | Severiano Tura |
1985 | October | Pier Paolo Gasperoni | Ubaldo Biordi |
1986 | April | Marino Venturini | Ariosto Maiani |
1986 | October | Giuseppe Arzilli | Maurizio Tomassoni |
1987 | April | Renzo Renzi | Carlo Franciosi |
1987 | October | Rossano Zafferani | Gian Franco Terenzi |
1988 | April | Umberto Barulli | Rosolino Martelli |
1988 | October | Luciano Cardelli | Reves Salvatori |
1989 | April | Mauro Fiorini | Marino Vagnetti |
1989 | October | Gloriana Ranocchini | Leo Achilli |
1990 | April | Adolmiro Bartolini | Ottaviano Rossi |
1990 | October | Cesare Antonio Gasperoni | Roberto Bucci |
1991 | April | Domenico Bernardini | Claudio Podeschi |
1991 | October | Edda Ceccoli | Marino Riccardi |
1992 | April | Germano De Biagi | Ernesto Benedettini |
1992 | October | Romeo Morri | Marino Zanotti |
1993 | April | Patrizia Busignani | Salvatore Tonelli |
1993 | October | Gian Luigi Berti | Paride Andreoli |
1994 | April | Alberto Cecchetti | Fausto Mularoni |
1994 | October | Renzo Ghiotti | Luciano Ciavatta |
1995 | April | Marino Bollini | Settimio Lonfernini |
1995 | October | Pier Natalino Mularoni | Marino Venturini |
1996 | April | Pier Paolo Gasperoni | Pietro Bugli |
1996 | October | Maurizio Rattini | Giancarlo Venturini |
1997 | April | Paride Andreoli | Pier Marino Mularoni |
1997 | October | Luigi Mazza | Marino Zanotti |
1998 | April | Alberto Cecchetti | Loris Francini |
1998 | October | Pietro Berti | Paolo Bollini |
1999 | April | Antonello Bacciocchi | Rosa Zafferani |
1999 | October | Marino Bollini | Giuseppe Arzilli |
2000 | April | Maria Domenica Michelotti | Gian Marco Marcucci |
2000 | October | Gian Franco Terenzi | Enzo Colombini |
2001 | April | Luigi Lonfernini | Fabio Berardi |
2001 | October | Alberto Cecchetti | Gino Giovagnoli |
2002 | April | Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari | Giovanni Francesco Ugolini |
2002 | October | Mauro Chiaruzzi | Giuseppe Maria Morganti |
2003 | April | Pier Marino Menicucci | Giovanni Giannoni |
2003 | October | Giovanni Lonfernini (II) | Valeria Ciavatta |
2004 | April | Paolo Bollini | Marino Riccardi |
2004 | October | Giuseppe Arzilli | Roberto Raschi |
2005 | April | Fausta Morganti | Cesare Gasperoni |
2005 | October | Claudio Muccioli | Antonello Bacciocchi |
2006 | April | Gianfranco Terenzi | Loris Francini |
2006 | October | Antonio Carattoni | Roberto Giorgetti |
2007 | April | Alessandro Mancini | Alessandro Rossi |
Notes: ¹ The six-month term of the captains regent starts on the first day of the month listed (April 1, October 1), unless another date is indicated.