List of Canadian national parks

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A stylized beaver is the logo of Parks Canada
A stylized beaver is the logo of Parks Canada

The National Parks of Canada preserve both spectacular and representative areas of the country, located in every one of the nation's 13 provinces and territories. They are administered by Parks Canada, which also manages 157 National Historic Sites, not listed here.

This list includes the country's two National Marine Conservation Areas (NMCAs), the lone National Landmark, and seven National Park Reserves. A recent initiative of the national park service, NMCAs join all other sites on this list, along with the national historic sites, to comprise the national park system.

Contents

[edit] National Parks

This list includes the 36 national parks as of Feb. 2007.

Name Location Area (km²) Year Estab'd Remarks
Glacier British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&1349.01,349 1886
Kootenay British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&1406.01,406 1920 World Heritage Site unit
Mount Revelstoke British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&&260.0260 1914
Yoho British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&1313.01,313 1886 World Heritage Site unit
Banff Alberta &&&&&&&&&&&&6641.06,641 1885 First National Park in Canada. The Cave and Basin hot springs were set aside as a public park in 1885, greatly enlarged and renamed Rocky Mountains Park in 1887; renamed Banff National Park in 1930. World Heritage Site unit.
Elk Island Alberta &&&&&&&&&&&&&194.0194 1913
Jasper Alberta &&&&&&&&&&&10878.010,878 1907 World Heritage Site unit
Waterton Lakes Alberta/Montana &&&&&&&&&&&&&505.0505 1895 Part of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, a World Heritage Site.
Wood Buffalo Alberta/Northwest Territories &&&&&&&&&&&44807.044,807 1922 World Heritage Site
Grasslands Saskatchewan &&&&&&&&&&&&&907.0907 1981
Prince Albert Saskatchewan &&&&&&&&&&&&3874.03,874 1927
Riding Mountain Manitoba &&&&&&&&&&&&2973.02,973 1929
Wapusk Manitoba &&&&&&&&&&&11475.011,475 1996
Bruce Peninsula Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&&154.0154 1987
St. Lawrence Islands Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&9.09 1914 First national park in the East.
Point Pelee Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&&&15.015 1918
Georgian Bay Islands Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&&&13.013 1929
Pukaskwa Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&1878.01,878 1978
Forillon Quebec &&&&&&&&&&&&&244.0244 1970
La Mauricie Quebec &&&&&&&&&&&&&536.0536 1970
Fundy New Brunswick &&&&&&&&&&&&&206.0206 1948
Kouchibouguac New Brunswick &&&&&&&&&&&&&239.0239 1969
Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island &&&&&&&&&&&&&&22.022 1937
Cape Breton Highlands Nova Scotia &&&&&&&&&&&&&949.0949 1936
Kejimkujik Nova Scotia &&&&&&&&&&&&&404.0404 1968
Gros Morne Newfoundland and Labrador &&&&&&&&&&&&1805.01,805 1973 World Heritage Site
Terra Nova Newfoundland and Labrador &&&&&&&&&&&&&400.0400 1957
Ivvavik Yukon &&&&&&&&&&&10168.010,168 1984 Established as Northern Yukon National Park in 1984, renamed Ivvavik National Park in 1992. First national park established as a result of a land claim agreement with its natives.
Kluane Yukon &&&&&&&&&&&22013.022,013 1972 Kluane National Park Reserve was established in 1972. Subsequently, a large eastern portion of the Reserve became Kluane National Park. World Heritage Site unit.
Vuntut Yukon &&&&&&&&&&&&4345.04,345 1995
Aulavik Northwest Territories &&&&&&&&&&&12200.012,200 1992
Tuktut Nogait Northwest Territories &&&&&&&&&&&16340.016,340 1996
Auyuittuq Nunavut &&&&&&&&&&&21471.021,471 2001
Quttinirpaaq Nunavut &&&&&&&&&&&37775.037,775 2001 Ellesmere Island National Park Reserve was established in 1988, renamed Quttinirpaaq National Park on Feb. 19, 2001, with passage of the new National Parks Act.
Sirmilik Nunavut &&&&&&&&&&&22200.022,200 2001
Ukkusiksalik Nunavut &&&&&&&&&&&20500.020,500 2003

A total of 260,468 km² are protected in national parks throughout Canada.

[edit] National Marine Conservation Areas

Name Location Area (km²) Established
Fathom Five National Marine Park Ontario &&&&&&&&&&&&&112.0112 1987
Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park Quebec &&&&&&&&&&&&1138.01,138 1998

[edit] National Park Reserves

These areas have been set aside with the intention of becoming national parks, pending the settlement of native land claims. Until then, they are managed as national parks under the National Parks Act.

Name Location Area (km²) Designated Remarks
Gulf Islands National Park Reserve British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&&&33.033 2003
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&1495.01,495 1988 South Moresby National Park Reserve was created July 12, 1988, with the signing of the South Moresby Agreement; renamed Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site on February 28, 1996. Includes SGaang Gwaii (Anthony Island) World Heritage Site.
Pacific Rim National Park Reserve British Columbia &&&&&&&&&&&&&511.0511 1970
Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve Newfoundland and Labrador &&&&&&&&&&&&9600.09,600 2005
Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve Quebec &&&&&&&&&&&&&151.0151 1984
Kluane National Park Reserve Yukon Territory &&&&&&&&&&&22013.022,013 1976 Kluane National Park Reserve was established in 1972. Subsequently, a large eastern portion of the Reserve became Kluane National Park. World Heritage Site unit
Nahanni National Park Reserve Northwest Territories &&&&&&&&&&&&4766.04,766 1976 World Heritage Site

[edit] National Landmark

Name Location Area (km²) Established
Pingo National Landmark Northwest Territories &&&&&&&&&&&&&&16.016 1984

[edit] National parks by province and territory

[edit] British Columbia

[edit] Alberta

[edit] Saskatchewan

[edit] Manitoba

[edit] Ontario

[edit] Quebec

[edit] New Brunswick

[edit] Prince Edward Island

[edit] Nova Scotia

[edit] Newfoundland and Labrador

[edit] Yukon

[edit] Northwest Territories

[edit] Nunavut

[edit] Abolished national parks

[edit] Alberta

[edit] Saskatchewan

[edit] Ontario


[edit] Adding to the System

[edit] National Parks & National Park Reserves

Land in four areas has been withdrawn for future national parks:

Parks Canada is considering another four areas for future national parks[2]:


[edit] NMCA & NMCA Reserves

In addition, the park service is pursuing creation of Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, in the B.C. waters surrounding the existing National Park Reserve.[4] Local information sessions were held in early 2007, and consultation with stakeholders (commercial fishers, tour companies, the Haida, and local residents) is to begin later in the year.[5] The area would become the only NMCA Reserve, and presumably be managed as if it were a full NMCA, pending local marine/land claims.

One proposed NMCA includes a western section of Lake Superior, in Ontario.[6] The Southern Strait of Georgia, in the B.C. waters surrounding the existing Gulf Islands NPR, is being proposed as an NMCA Reserve, like Gwaii Haanas.[7]


[edit] National Landmarks

In addition to national parks, a National Landmarks program was foreseen in the 1970s and 1980s, but has not yet been established beyond a single property. Landmarks were intended to protect specific natural features considered "outstanding, exceptional, unique, or rare to this country. These natural features would typically be isolated entities and of scientific interest."[8]

To date, only one landmark has been established—Pingo National Landmark—in the Northwest Territories. Another was proposed at the same time (1984)—Nelson Head National Landmark—on the southern tip of Banks Island, also in the NWT. It was to include some 70 square miles, 25 miles of coastline, and protect the sea cliffs at Nelson Head and Cape Lambton. Durham Heights were to be included, which reach an elevation of 2,450 feet. The legislation providing for the Landmark required a formal request be made by the Minister of the Environment within 10 years (until 1994).[9] None was ever made.

[edit] See also

Parks in Canada's provinces and territories

Provincial parks are administered and funded by the provincial governments, however some provincial parks are categorized as national parks (Category II) under the IUCN's Protected Area Management Categories.

[edit] References

  1. ^ An Act to establish "Algonquin National Park of Ontario" was passed by the Ontario Legislature, May 23, 1893 (56 Vic.,c.8). However, the park has always been under the jurisdiction of the provincial government, so its national park status was in name only, and that was changed in 1913, when it became Algonquin Provincial Park.
  2. ^ Parks Canada (November 2006). Completing Canada's National Parks System. Retrieved on February 27, 2007.
  3. ^ Parks Canada (November 2006). South Okanagan–Lower Similkameen National Park Reserve Feasibility Study. Retrieved on February 27, 2007.
  4. ^ Map of the proposed Gwaii Haanas NMCA Reserve with further links.
  5. ^ Drue Kendrick, Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site. Letter of March 6, 2007.
  6. ^ Map of the proposed Lake Superior NMCA with further links.
  7. ^ Map of the proposed Southern Strait of Georgia NMCA Reserve with further links.
  8. ^ Pingo National Landmark management—Parks Canada
  9. ^ The Inuvialuit Final Agreement (Sec. 7 (77-81))

[edit] External links

v • d • e
National Parks of Canada
National parks Aulavik • Auyuittuq • Banff • Bruce Peninsula • Cape Breton Highlands • Elk Island • Forillon • Fundy • Georgian Bay Islands • Glacier • Grasslands • Gros Morne • Ivvavik • Jasper • Kejimkujik • Kluane • Kootenay • Kouchibouguac • La Mauricie • Mount Revelstoke • Point Pelee • Prince Edward Island • Pukaswa • Prince Albert • Quttinirpaaq • Riding Mountain • Sirmilik • St. Lawrence Islands • Terra Nova • Tuktut Nogait • Ukkusiksalik • Vuntut • Wapusk • Waterton Lakes • Wood Buffalo • Yoho
National Park Reserves Gulf Islands • Gwaii Haanas • Pacific Rim • Torngat Mountains • Mingan Archipelago • Kluane • Nahanni • Tuktut Nogait
Marine Conservation Fathom Five • Saguenay-St. Lawrence
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