List of Americans in the Venona papers

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Originally declassified by Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Chairman of the bipartisan Commission on Government Secrecy, the Venona project and its associated documentation, contains codenames of several hundred individuals said to be involved on differing levels with the KGB and the GRU.[1][2] Many of the codenames have been identified by the FBI, CIA, NSA and other academics and historians by using a combination of circumstantial evidence, corroborating testimony from Eastern Bloc defectors, direct surveillance, informants and a number of other means.[3] Many academics and historians believe that most of the following individuals were either clandestine assets and/or contacts of the KGB, GRU and Soviet Naval GRU.[4][5].

The following list of individuals is extracted in part from the work of John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr[2]; as well as others listed in the references below.

To what extent any given individual named below was clandestinely involved with Soviet intelligence is a topic of dispute, with a few scholars, most notably Victor Navasky, skeptical of attempts to identify individuals from codenames found in Venona.

Twenty-four persons targeted for recruitment remain uncorroborated as to it being accomplished. These individuals are marked with an asterisk (*).

[edit] References

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ "Secrecy : The American Experience". Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Yale University Press; December 1, 1999.
  2. ^ a b "Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Appendix A". John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-300-08462-5
  3. ^ "The Venona story". Robert L Benson, National Security Agency Center for Cryptologic History; January 1, 2001.
  4. ^ "How VENONA was Declassified". Robert L. Benson, Symposium of Cryptologic History; October 27, 2005.
  5. ^ "Tangled Treason". Sam Tanenhaus, The New Republic; 1999.

[edit] External links

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