Lipoprotein lipase

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lipoprotein lipase
Identifiers
Symbol	LPL LIPD
HUGO	6677
Entrez	4023
OMIM	238600
RefSeq	NM_000237
UniProt	P06858
Other data
EC number	3.1.1.34
Locus	Chr. 8 p22

Lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) is an enzyme which hydrolyzes lipids in lipoproteins, like those found in chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), into three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule. It requires Apo-CII as a cofactor.

Lipoprotein lipase is specifically found in endothelial cells lining the capillaries. Insulin is known to enhance LPL synthesis in adipocytes and its placement in the capillary endothelium.

[edit] Pathology

Lipoprotein lipase deficiency leads to hypertriglyceridemia (elevated levels of triglycerides in the bloodstream).

High fat diets have been shown to cause tissue specific overexpression of LPL: this has been implicated in tissue specific insulin resistance and consequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus