Land Force Command (Canada)

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Land Force Command

History

History of the Canadian Army
Canadian Corps
First Canadian Army
Military History of Canada
Structure
Structure of the Canadian Army
Land Force Atlantic Area
Land Force Quebec Area
Land Force Central Area
Land Force Western Area
List of Units

Land Force Command (LFC) is responsible for army operations within the Canadian Forces. LFC maintains bases across Canada and is responsible for the largest component of the Canadian Forces Primary Reserve — the Army Reserve, often referred to as the "militia". The Chief of Land Staff is Lieutenant-General Andrew Leslie.

LFC is the descendant of the Canadian Army which was the name of Canada's land forces from 1940 until February 1, 1968. At the time of unification all army units were placed under Mobile Command (MC), later changed to Force Mobile Command (FMC) in 1975 when tactical air units were assigned to newly-created Air Command. The name was changed from FMC to Land Force Command in a 1997 reorganization of the Canadian Forces.

1 History
2 Army bases and training centres
3 Regiments
4 Structure
5 Equipment
- 5.1 Vehicles
- 5.2 Weapons
6 Rank structure
7 Battles involving the Canadian army
8 External links
9 Publications
10 See also

[edit] History

Main article: History of the Canadian Army

Following unification of the three armed services in 1968, Mobile Command became in effect the "Canadian Army" though the term "army" did not find favour until the 1980s when it became once again unofficially used to refer to Canada's land forces, both Regular and Reserve. The early organization of Mobile Command included tactical ground attack fixed and rotary wing aircraft, in addition to ground forces, and was akin to the integrated warfare approach of the United States Marine Corps. In a 1975 reorganization of the Canadian Forces, Air Command was created and all air assets were reassigned to that organization. Mobile Command was renamed Force Mobile Command and became an exclusive ground force. In 1997, Force Mobile Command was officially redesignated Land Force Command of the Canadian Forces.

[edit] Army bases and training centres

CFB Edmonton, Alberta (1 CMBG, CTR Wainwright)
CFB Suffield, Alberta
CFB-TC Shilo, Manitoba
LFWA TC Wainwright, Alberta
CFB Kingston, Ontario
CFB Petawawa, Ontario (2 CMBG)
LFCATC Meaford, Ontario
CFB Montreal, Quebec
CFB Farnham, Quebec
CFB Valcartier, Quebec (5 CMBG)
CFB Gagetown, New Brunswick (CTC)
LFAATC Det Aldershot, Kentville Nova Scotia
CFB Trenton, Ontario Canadian Land Advanced Warfare Centre (formerly CPC)

[edit] Regiments

The badge of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry.

Canadian infantry and armoured regimental traditions are strongly rooted in the traditions and history of the British Army. Many regiments were patterned after regiments of the British Army, and a system of official "alliances", or affiliations, was created to perpetuate a sense of shared history. Other regiments developed independently, resulting in a mixture of both colourful and historically familiar names. Other traditions such as Battle Honours and Colours have been maintained by Canadian regiments as well. Approximately two thirds of the Regular Force is comprised of anglophone units, while one third is francophone.

[edit] Armoured

Regular Force units include:

[edit] Artillery

Canada's regular field artillery has traditionally been called the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. Canada currently has four Regular Force regiments:

1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery
2nd Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery
5^e Régiment d'artillerie légère du Canada
4th Air Defence Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery

[edit] Combat Engineers

1 Combat Engineer Regiment
2 Combat Engineer Regiment
4 Engineer Support Regiment
5e Régiment du génie de combat

[edit] Infantry

Regular Force infantry regiments and battalions of the Canadian Army are:

1st, 2nd, and 3rd Battalions, The Royal Canadian Regiment
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Battalions, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry
1^er, 2^e, et 3^e Bataillons, Royal 22^e Régiment

[edit] Structure

Main article: Structure of the Canadian Forces Land Force Command

[edit] Equipment

[edit] Vehicles

[1]

Builder	Model	Type	Number	Dates	Details
Mercedes-Benz Germany	G-Wagen 4 × 4	light utility vehicle	1,159	2004-	replaced the Iltis light trucks in Afghanistan
Bombardier Canada	Iltis	light utility vehicle	1,900+	1984 - 2004	being phased out by G-Wagen
BAE Systems Land Systems United Kingdom/ South Africa	Mamba/Nyala	landmine-resistant 4×4 armoured personnel carrier	75	2006
General Motors Corporation/Bombardier United States/ Canada	MLVW	medium logistic vehicle, wheeled	2,769	1982	based on M35/M36 series trucks
Western Star United States	LSVW	light support vehicle, wheeled	2,879	1993-1997	based on Iveco model 40.10
Urban Transportation Development Corporation Canada	HLVW	heavy lift vehicle	1,212	1992	based on Austrian Steyr Percheron truck chassis
ZENON Environmental Inc., Canada	ROWPU	reverse-osmosis water purification unit	N/A	1990s
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States	Cougar AVGP	6 × 6 armoured vehicle (general purpose)	100	1976	Armoured fire support variant armed with 76-mm gun; being retired from reserve units and replaced with G-Wagon
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States	Grizzly AVGP	armoured personnel carrier	274	1976	Life-extended & relegated to support roles after 2000; 100 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States	Husky AVGP	armoured recovery	27	1976	5 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
FMC Corp. United States	Lynx reconnaissance vehicle	armoured reconnaissance	174	1968–early 1990s	replaced by Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States/ Canada	Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle (8×8)	armoured reconnaissance	203	1996-1998
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States/ Canada	Bison (8×8)	armoured personnel carrier	199	1990	TRILS (Tactical Radar Identification and Location System) uses Bison chassis
FMC Corp. United States	M113A3/MTVL	tracked armoured personnel carrier	289	2001-2006	289 of original 1,143 M113's delivered mid-1960's to early 1990's upgraded to A3/MTVL; remainder declared surplus
General Motors Diesel Division United States/ Canada	LAV III	8 × 8 light armoured vehicle	651	1999-
Oerlikon Contraves Canada	ADATS	air-defence, antitank system	34	1989
Krauss-Maffei/MaK Germany	Leopard C2	main battle tank	66	1978–	114 Leopard C1 tanks were upgraded to Leopard C2 in 2000–2001. Plans to lease 20 Leopard_2A6M
United Defense Limited Partnership United States	M109	self-propelled howitzer	76	1960s-1980s	Retired mid-2000's
BAE Systems Land Systems United Kingdom	Bv206	tracked vehicle	78	1983
Bell Helicopter Textron United States/ Canada	CH-146 Griffon	tactical utility helicopter	98	1995-1997
Ford United States	M151A2	light truck	935	1974-1975	replaced by the Volkswagen Iltis truck in 1984
Krupp	KMK 2025	crane	N/A	N/A
Solar 220LC-III	Track Excavator	N/A	N/A
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division United States	TRILS	Tactical Radar Identification and Location System	4	1997	based on Bison (8×8)
N/A United States	M109A4	Self Propelled Howitzer	76	N/A	all retired
N/A	Gallion	Grader	N/A	N/A

[edit] Weapons

C9 machine-gun
C7A1 rifle/C8A1 carbine/C-7A2 rifle
C6 machine-gun
Browning .50 calibre heavy machine-gun
Browning-HP 9 mm pistol c. 1944
Long Range Sniper Weapon (LRSW)
C3A1 sniper rifle
C13 fragmentation grenade
M203A1 grenade launcher
TOW anti-tank missile
M3 Carl Gustav 84mm SRAAW(M) anti-armour platoon gun
M72 anti-tank weapon
81 mm mortar
60 mm mortar
ERYX short-range anti-armour weapon (heavy)
Javelin short-range air defence missile
LG1 Mark II 105 mm towed howitzer
M777 lightweight 155mm howitzer
Skyguard / 35 mm twin-gun low-level air defence
C1 close support howitzer
C3 close support howitzer
P225, 226 pistol
Remington 870 shotgun c. 1950
AK47 assault rifle - used by airborne units

[edit] Rank structure

Main article: Canadian Forces ranks and insignia

Comparison of ranking structure available at Ranks and insignia of NATO. Not shown are the various appointment badges for specialist positions such as master gunner, drum major, etc. Many ranks are associated with specific appointments; for example a regimental sergeant major is usually a chief warrant officer. The title of master corporal also, technically, refers to an appointment and not a rank.

NATO Code	OF-10	OF-9	OF-8	OF-7	OF-6	OF-5	OF-4	OF-3	OF-2	OF-1		OF-D-	Student Officer
Canada (Edit)	*No Equivalent*											No Equivalent
		General	Lieutenant General	Major General	Brigadier General	Colonel	Lieutenant Colonel	Major	Captain	Lieutenant	Second Lieutenant		Officer Cadet
		Général	Lieutenant-général	Major-général	Brigadier-général	Colonel	Lieutenant-colonel	Major	Capitaine	Lieutenant	Sous-lieutenant		Eleve-Officier
¹ Honorary/War time rank.

NATO Code	OR-9						OR-8		OR-7		OR-6						OR-5						OR-4		OR-3		OR-2						OR-1
Canada (Edit)																											No insignia						No insignia
Canada (Edit)	Chief Warrant Officer Adjudant-chef						Master Warrant Officer Adjudant-maître		Warrant Officer Adjudant		Sergeant Sergent						Master Corporal Caporal-chef						Corporal Caporal		Trained Private Soldat		Private Basic						Private (Recruit) Soldat (recrue)