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La Civiltà Cattolica (Italian for The Catholic Civilization) (ISBN 0009-8167) is an Italian Jesuit monthly magazine founded 1854 in Naples. It is considered a highly authoritative Catholic journal because its articles are approved in advance by the Vatican Secretariat of State.
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[edit] History
[edit] Founding
Founded by a Jesuit group in Naples, its first director was Carlo Maria Curci, under the approval of Pope Pius IX. The first issue appeared on April 6, 1850. Curci chose to publish the journal in Italian not in Latin, as the Jesuit leadership would have preferred. Father Curci had the full support of Pope Pius IX, who was interested in an instrument that would spread Catholic culture and defend its thinking. He also got the support of Cardinal Giacomo Antonelli. The leadership of the Jesuits of the time, in particular Father Joannes Philippe Roothaan (1783-1853) did not support the journal, fearing that it would enter into political discussions that would reflect negatively on the Jesuit order.
Early editorial staff included:
- Luigi Taparelli D'Azeglio (1793-1862), legal theory
- Matteo Liberatore (1810-1892), philosophy of Thomism, early proponent of social teachings of the church, and who was called on by Pope Leo XIII to extend the Rerum Novarum.
- Antonio Bresciani (1798-1862), literature.
- Giovanni Battista Pianciani (1784-1862), a scholar of natural science.
Other collaborators were Father Carlo Piccirillo (1821-1888) and Giuseppe Oreglia of Santa Stefano (1823-1895) during years when he was still a student.
Many of these same priests later formed the first Colleggio degli Scrittori, which was then given an unlimited (perpetual) foundation/status on February 12, 1866 through the Gravissimum supremi brief of Pope Pios IX. Until 1933 all articles were published anonymously; from 1933 onward they were signed by their authors. The journal was initially known for its polemic and challenging character, and kept this reputation for most of its duration. This was a characteristic style for its time both for supporters and adversaries of the church.
[edit] 19th Century
Because of the acts of censorship by the police of the Borboni del Regno Delle Due Sicilie, the editorship of the journal was moved to Roma in 1850. This censorship was blamed on persecution by "counsel members and Masonic ministers who were drunk with an anti-Church spirit." In the following years La Civilta Cattolica became increasingly a voice of faithful interpretation of the statements and directives of the Holy See.
Publication of the journal was suspended for two months in 1870 after the Italian Army entered Rome. From 1871 to 1887 the journal was published from Florence.
As an important player in the cultural debates taking place in Italy and in the Church in the second half of the 19th century, the journal made significant contributions at the time of the First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican (1879-1870), in particular in the return to Thomist philosophy. This latter had its heyday during the years of Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903).
In part to counter the influence of La Civilta Cattolica, the lay movement created its own journal Il Cimento, which was issued from 1852-1856. Key voices in movement were the philosopher Bertrando Spaventa (1917-1883), who was a follower of Hegel, and the literary historian Francesco De Sanctis. These two
During the 1880s, after moving to Rome, the journal was brought under the direct control of the Vatican, with its editors appointed by Cardinal Secretary of State or Pope, and many key articles written by the Pope himself.[1]
[edit] References
- Pollard, John F. (2005). Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850–1950. Cambridge University Press.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Pollard, 2005, p. 3-4.
[edit] External links
- La Civiltà Cattolica official site
