Lamproptera curius
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| Lamproptera curius Fabricius, 1787 |
The White Dragontail, Lamproptera curius, is a species of swallowtail native to parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It belongs to the Dragontails genus, Lamproptera, of the Swallowtail (Papilionidae) family. It is not rare.
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[edit] Description
Upperside dull brownish black. Fore wing: a broad outwardly oblique white transverse band that crosses from a little beyond the basal third of the costal margin to the dorsum, its outer half hyaline, followed by a hyaline triangular area that does not reach the costa or the termen but is traversed by conspicuously black veins. Between the semihyaline transverse band and the hyaline area the black forms a more or less oven band slightly narrower in the middle; the black edging to the costa and termen broad, broadened towards the apex ; cilia black.
Hind wing: the transverse white band of the fore wing is continued straight across and ends in a point on the outer half of vein 3, but is not hyaline along its outer margin; posterior half of the wing dull dark brown, irrorated towards the base of the long narrow tail at vein 4 with white scales ; cilia black, white below vein 5 and along outer side of basal half of tail, the latter tipped white.
Underside similar, but the ground-colour opaque brownish black; a broad outwardly ill-defined earthy-grey streak along the base of the wings produced slightly down the dorsal margin of hind and along the costa of the fore wing; the oblique white band on the hind wing joined by a cross sinuous short white line from the dorsal margin to its apex; below this latter a number of irregular white spots on the tornal area. Antennae, head and thorax black, abdomen dark brownish black; beneath, the palpi, thorax and abdomen greyish; claws of the tarsi bifid. Male with sex-mark.[1]
[edit] Distribution
The butterfly is found in India from Assam to Burma. It is also found in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Southern China, Kampuchea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei and Philippines.
[edit] Status
The White Dragontail is not known to be threatened in most of its range but is considered Vulnerable and in need of protection in peninsular Malaysia.[2]
[edit] Life history
The life cycle of the butterfly takes about six weeks.
[edit] Food plant
Illigera celebica[3] and Illigera platyandra (Family Hernandiaceae).[4][5]
[edit] Larva
In the early stages the larva is black over the thorax narrow above the prolegs, and broadening again at the tail end. The larva is smooth. The sides above the prolegs are yellow-ochre. A narrow border around the head and the anal segment yellow ochre. Initially the head is black. The larva in later instars becomes apple green, darker on the back, with three narrow yellow stripes on the seventh to tenth segments, and a buff line just above the legs from head to tail. The head is green with four round black spots on the crown, and two more smaller ones at the angle of the jaws.[4]
[edit] Pupa
Under artificial rearing the pupation took place on the underside of the leaf. The pupa is attached by a white pad at the cremaster, and has a fine girdle. It is only 22mm and the colour varies from yellow-green on young growth, to emerald on mature leaves.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ Bingham, C. T. 1907. Fauna of British India. Butterflies. Volume 2
- ^ Collins, N.M., Morris, M.G. (1985) Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. IUCN. ISBN 2-88032-603-6
- ^ Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni and Luis M. Hernández HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. [1] Accessed December 2006
- ^ a b c Burkhardt, Col. V.R. 1964. Hongkong Naturalist. pages 97-104 [2]
- ^ Howarth, T. G. (1976) Notes on the biology of Lamproptera curius walkeri Moore (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 15(1) [3]
