Kwai river

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Typical river houses with thatched roofs on the River Kwai

The River Kwai, more correctly Khwae Noi (Thai: แควน้อย, English small tributary) or Khwae Sai Yok (Thai แควไทรโยค), is a river in western Thailand, near the border with Myanmar. It begins at the confluence of Ranti, Songkalia and Bikhli Rivers. At Kanchanaburi it merges with the Mae Klong river, which empties into the Gulf of Thailand at Samut Songkhram.

The river is chiefly known from the Pierre Boulle novel and David Lean film The Bridge on the River Kwai, in which Australian, Dutch and British prisoners of war were forced by the Japanese to construct two parallel bridges spanning the river as part of the Burma Railway, also called the Death Railway for the many lives lost in its construction. One bridge was wooden and temporary. The other was made of concrete and steel and still exists. Ironically, the bridges actually spanned the Mae Klong, but as the railway subsequently follows the Kwae Noi Valley, the bridges became famous under the wrong name.^{[citation needed]} In the 1960s, the upper part of the Mae Klong was renamed the Kwae Yai (big tributary).