King's Indian Attack

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

Typical KIA setup for White against a semi-open defence by Black.

The King's Indian Attack (KIA) is a chess opening system for White, most notably used by Bobby Fischer. Its formation is shown in the diagram to the right.

The opening is not a series of specific moves per se, but rather a passive formation arising from manifold move orders. Though the KIA is often reached via 1.e4 followed by d3, Nd2, Ngf3, g3, Bg2, and 0-0, it can also arise from 1. g3, 1. Nf3, or even 1. d3.

By its nature, the KIA is a closed, strategic opening that presents its practioner with common themes and tactics and a comfortable middlegame against various defences.

The KIA is often used against the semi-open defences where Black responds asymmetrically to e4, such as in the French Defence, Sicilian Defence, or Caro-Kann Defence. Yet it can also be played against Black's more common closed defenses, usually through a move order that begins with 1. Nf3 and a later fianchetto of the white square bishop. For this reason, transpositions to the Réti Opening, Catalan Opening, English opening or even the Nimzo Attack^{[citation needed]}(b3, Bb2, etc.) are not uncommon.

The KIA is a reverse opening arising from the popularity and success of the King's Indian Defense (KID). Yet, because of the extra tempo, the KIA often follows obscure KID lines or produces games bearing no resemblance to a traditional KID.

The KIA is considered a solid, yet passive, opening choice for White. Though rarely used at the highest levels except to avoid certain pet lines, it is extremely popular at the club level, because it is easier to learn than other openings that require memorizing specific move orders to avoid outright losing positions.

White's most common plan involves a central pawn push, e4-e5, leading to a central bind, kingside space, and concrete attacking chances on a kingside-castled black king. Black's resources — more queenside space for example — are not to be underestimated. In fact, this asymmetry often leads to violent middlegames and neatly constructed mating nets involving the sacrifice of multiple pieces.

Here is perhaps the most famous example of the King's Indian Attack:

Fischer-Myagmarsuren, Sousse Interzonal 1967 1.e4 e6 2.d3 d5 3.Nd2 Nf6 4.g3 c5 5.Bg2 Nc6 6.Ngf3 Be7 7.O-O O-O 8.e5 Nd7 9.Re1 b5 10.Nf1 b4 11.h4 a5 12.Bf4 a4 13.a3 bxa3 14.bxa3 Na5 15.Ne3 Ba6 16.Bh3 d4 17.Nf1 Nb6 18.Ng5 Nd5 19.Bd2 Bxg5 20.Bxg5 Qd7 21.Qh5 Rfc8 22.Nd2 Nc3 23.Bf6 Qe8 24.Ne4 g6 25.Qg5 Nxe4 26.Rxe4 c4 27.h5 cxd3 28.Rh4 Ra7 29.Bg2 dxc2 30.Qh6 Qf8 31.Qxh7+ 1-0

(link: http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1044267)

[edit] References

Chess Agency Caissa-90 (1997): The Complete Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings, Czech Republic: Publishing House Moravian Chess
Eggers, Heiko: Die Theorie der Eröffnung - Königsindischer Angriff - Das Spielsystem mit dem Aufbau Sf3/g3/d3/Lg2/0-0/Sbd2/, BoD, Norderstedt 2005, ISBN 3833431946
Dunnington, Angus (1993): How to Play - The King’s Indian Attack - Openings, London: B.T. Batsford Ltd, ISBN 0-8050-2933-8
Dunnington, Angus (1998): The Ultimate King’s Indian Attack, London: B.T.Batsford Ltd, ISBN 0-7134-8222-2
Dworezki, Mark und Jussupow, Artur (1995): Effektives Eröffnungstraining, Geheimnisse und Tips für Fortgeschrittene aus einer neuen Schachschule, Hollfeld: Beyer-Verlag, 2.Aufl., ISBN 3-88805-122-3
Dzindzichashvili, Roman (2005): Easy Way to Learn The King’s Indian Attack, Internet: ChessDVDs.com, Roman’s Lab, Volume 28, Nr. 7-37885-35839-1
Emms, John (2005): starting out: king’s indian attack, London: Everymann Chess, ISBN 1-85744-394-2
Hall, John (1972): A Complete Opening System for White: King’s Indian Attack, Dallas: Chess Digest Magazine, ohne ISBN
Hall, John and Cartier, Jan R. (1996): Modern King’s Indian Attack – A Complete System for White, Dallas Texas: Hays Publishing, ISBN 1-880673-11-8
Henley, Ron and Hodges, Paul (1993): Power Play - The King’s Indian Attack, Hagerstown: R&D Publishing, ISBN 1-883358-02-7
Henley, Ron and Maddox, Don (1993): The ChessBase University BlueBook Guide To Winning With - The King’s Indian Attack, Hagerstown: R&D Publishing, ISBN 1-883358-00-0
Luther, Thomas (2005):, Französisch I – fritztrainer eröffnung , Hamburg: ChessBase GmbH, Video DVD, ISBN 3-937549-60-9
Maddox, Don (2002): Königsindischer Angriff - Schach Training, Hamburg: ChessBase GmbH, ISBN 3-935602-51-0
New In Chess Yearbook (1998): King's Indian Attack: Black castles kingside, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Band 49, ISBN 90-5691-044-2, S. 186-190
New In Chess Yearbook (1999): King's Indian Attack, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Band 50, ISBN 90-5691-047-7, S.182-186
New In Chess Yearbook (2005): King's Indian Attack, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Band 76, ISBN 90-5691-155-4, S. 228-232
Norwood, David (1991): King’s Indian Attack, London: Trends Publications, ohne ISBN
Schiller, Eric (1989): How To Play The Kings Indian Attack, Moon Township: Chess Enterprises, ISBN 0931462959
Smith, Ken and Hall, John (1988): King’s Indian Attack – A Complete Opening System also a Weapon to be used against …, Dallas Texas: Chess Digest, ISBN 0-87568-174-3
Smith, Ken und Hall, John (1990): Königsindischer Angriff – Ein komplettes Angriffsprogramm für Weiß, Hamburg: Das Schacharchiv Kurt Rattmann, ohne ISBN
Tangborn, Eric (1992): A Fischer Favorite: The King’s Indian Attack – with 46 fully annotated Games, o.O.: International Chess Enterprises, ISBN 1-879479-07-9
Watson, John (2003): Play the French, London: Everymann Chess, 3.Aufl., ISBN 1-85744-337-3
Weinstein, Norman (1976): The King’s Indian Attack, Dallas: Chess Digest Magazine, ohne ISBN