Kimberly Rogers

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Kimberly Rogers (c. 1961 — August 9, 2001) was a Canadian woman, whose death in 2001 while under house arrest for welfare fraud caused extensive controversy around Ontario Works, the Ontario government's welfare system, leading to an inquest which recommended significant changes to the system.

A resident of Sudbury, Ontario, Rogers, who was unable to work full-time due to health issues, was receiving standard Ontario welfare benefits of $520 per month, while paying $450 per month in rent. From 1996 to 1999, she also received a total of $49,000 in student loans from OSAP to study social services at the city's Cambrian College.

When Rogers first began her studies, the practice of receiving both welfare and student loans was entirely legal, and in fact even encouraged as a strategy to help welfare recipients return to the workforce, but was banned in 1996 by the Progressive Conservative government of Mike Harris as part of its welfare reform legislation. There was no evidence that Rogers was ever informed of the change in welfare regulations.

In the fall of 1999, the welfare office learned of her student loans, and ordered Rogers to repay $13,486 in benefits. With the overpayment automatically deducted from her monthly welfare cheque, Rogers was left with just $18 each month after paying her rent. As well, she was criminally charged with welfare fraud.

1 Trial
2 House arrest
3 Inquest
4 Aftermath
5 External links

[edit] Trial

On April 25, 2001, Justice Greg Rodgers of the Ontario Court of Justice found Rogers guilty of fraud, stating that she had engaged in "almost four years of deception and dishonesty."

"I am satisfied you did not lead an opulent lifestyle, even with these two sources of income," Justice Rodgers said in his verdict, "but welfare is there for people who need it, not for people who want it, who want things and who want money."

Rogers, who was pregnant at the time of her trial, was sentenced to six months of house arrest, permitted to leave the house for medical, religious or shopping reasons only on Wednesday mornings. She was also ordered to repay the full amount of her overpayment.

With the fraud conviction, Ontario Works suspended her welfare benefits for three months, leaving Rogers with no income to pay her rent, buy food or medication, or even pay her fine. (Around the same time, the Harris government increased the maximum penalty for welfare fraud to lifetime suspension — although this penalty did not directly impact on Rogers' situation, it was reviewed in the subsequent inquest.)

[edit] House arrest

With no source of income, Rogers struggled to survive. Her landlord temporarily agreed to reduce her rent to $300 a month, community groups such as the Elizabeth Fry Society and the Social Planning Council of Greater Sudbury rallied to find food and financial assistance for her, and her doctor lobbied the government to have her drug benefits reinstated because Rogers was unable to pay for prescribed medications, including antidepressants and drugs to alleviate her pregnancy-related nausea.

Sean Dewart, a Toronto lawyer, launched a constitutional appeal on Rogers' behalf, successfully having Rogers' welfare suspension reversed by Justice Gloria Epstein. On May 31, Epstein ruled that "for a member of our community carrying an unborn child to be homeless and deprived of basic sustenance is a situation that would adversely affect the public — its dignity, its human rights commitments and its health care resources."

On August 9, Rogers' body was found in her apartment by her boyfriend, Terry Pyhtila. She had been dead for several days. Her death led to extensive controversy in Ontario and across Canada, and a formal inquest was convened in October of 2002.

[edit] Inquest

On its very first day, the inquest was informed that the actual cause of Rogers' death was suicide by an amitriptyline overdose, and that Rogers may have altered her antidepressant prescription to ensure that she had a sufficient supply of medication to constitute a lethal dose. However, they were asked to review the impact of the government's welfare fraud policy on Rogers' decision to take her own life.

On December 19, the jury delivered its decision. Their first recommendation was that the lifetime suspension of benefits should be eliminated — temporary suspension would still be permitted as a penalty, but could no longer be imposed retroactively on a person whose fraud conviction predated the adoption of the legislation.

The jury also indicated that suspension and/or prosecution should not necessarily be automatic, but that each case should be evaluated by Ontario Works administrators and/or a stakeholder committee to determine the most appropriate response to the individual situation. As well, the jury ruled that drug benefits should not be suspended even when regular benefits were, that Ontario Works should make more effort to uncover fraud situations earlier so that the penalties had less emotional and financial impact on the recipient, and that the government should review the adequacy of social assistance rates, which until then had not been raised (not even by a simple cost of living adjustment) since the Harris government cut the rate to $520 per month in 1996.

As well, the jury made several recommendations to other government ministries. They ruled that the government had a responsibility to ensure that a person under house arrest had access to adequate shelter, food and medication, as well as an obligation to help individuals on probation or parole locate the appropriate community services to assist their adjustment back into society. They also recommended improved communication between government departments, in response to evidence that Justice Rodgers had not even known that a fraud conviction would lead to a suspension of Kimberly Rogers' benefits, and clearer communication to citizens of both the definition and the potential consequences of welfare fraud.

The jury also recommended several improvements in the province's medical system to prevent potential abuse, including the creation of a computer database network to improve pharmacies' access to a patient's prior prescription records. Doctors would also be asked to write out prescriptions in both number and text in order to reduce the possibility of prescriptions being altered, and to review the use of tricyclic antidepressants.

[edit] Aftermath

The government of Ernie Eves did not implement any of the Rogers inquest's recommendations before it was defeated in the Ontario general election, 2003. Community and Social Services Minister Brenda Elliott dismissed the recommendations as unnecessary tinkering with a system that "was working effectively".

In early 2004, the government of Dalton McGuinty implemented a three per cent increase in welfare rates, to be followed by an annual cost of living increase, and eliminated the lifetime suspension of benefits. However, the McGuinty government has not, to date, implemented most of the inquest's other recommendations.

Social Planning Council of Greater Sudbury chair Janet Gasparini, who had been a prominent media commentator in the Rogers case, was elected to Greater Sudbury City Council in the 2003 municipal election.