Kanazawa Castle
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Kanazawa Castle (金沢城 Kanazawa-jō?) is a large, well-restored castle in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. It is located adjacent to the celebrated Kenroku-en Garden, which once formed the castle's private outer garden.
The castle was founded in 1583 when the Maeda family moved to Kanazawa. It was greatly reconstructed in 1592 after the Battle of Bunroku, at which time its moats were dug. It was burned down and reconstructed in 1620-21 and again in 1631-32, then almost completely gutted in the great Kanazawa fire of 1759, and rebuilt in 1762 and 1788 (Ishikawa-mon Gate). After several minor fires and an earthquake, it was again destroyed by fire in 1881.
What remains, including the 1788 Ishikawa Gate, is now part of Kanazawa Castle Park. The main castle (Hishi Yagura turret, Gojukken Nagaya warehouse, and Hashizume-mon Tsuzuki Yagura turret) were faithfully restored in 2001 to their 1809 form, using traditional construction methods. Today's pillars are Japanese Hinoki Cypress with massive American cypress as ceiling beams. It is such a large structure within that in the late 1700s it was called "the palace of 1,000 tatamis". The castle's distinctive, whitish roof tiles are made of lead. The reason for that is not only that they are fireproof, but also that in times of siege, the tiles could be melted down and cast into bullets.
The castle's main features are as follows:
- Hishi Yagura - watchtower, 3-stories. Height of roof: 17.34 m above stone wall; total floor area: 255.35 m². This tower is built at a slight angle to the rest of the structures, which results in diamond-shaped internal pillars and hard-to-build connections within its complex web of internal pillars and beams.
- Gojukken Nagaya - long, hall-like, multi-sided turret normally used as a warehouse, 2-stories. Height of roof: 9.35 to 10.08 m above stone wall; total floor area: 1,384.95 m².
- Hashizume-mon Tsuzuki Yagura - watchtower and command post, 3-stories. Height of roof: 14.69 m above stone wall; total floor area: 253.93 m².
- Hashizume-ichi-no-mon Gate - entrance gate.
- Tsuru-no-maru Dobei - double earthen wall. Height of roof: 2.91 m above stone wall.
- Ishikawa-mon Gate - entrance gate with two distinctive styles of stonework. It has been designated an Important National Cultural Asset by the government. This gate faces one of the entrances of Kenrokuen park.
The castle sits within fairly extensive grounds, currently organized as large, well-kept lawns and informal wooded areas, with various large walls, gates, and outbuildings.
Until 1989, Kanazawa University was located on the castle grounds. The large campus is now on the edge of town in an area called Kakuma.
[edit] References
- Brochure, Kanazawa Castle Park
