Ka'usiyeh Dynasty

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The Ka'usiyeh Dynasty ruled Tabaristan (now Mazandaran in northern Iran) from 665 to about 1006. It was a branch of the Bavand Dynasty, based in a mountainous region south-west of Sari, whose isolation played a rôle in the survival of the early dynasty.

The dynasty was founded by the founder of the Bvads, Baw Ka'usiyeh, the first prince of Tabaristan (r. 665–680)

In about 854 Qaren I (r. 837–867) converted to Islam. Rostam III (r. 1006–57) became a vassal of the Ziyarid king Shams al-Mo'ali Abol-hasan Ghaboos ibn Wushmgir (or Qabus), but as the Ziyarids' power declined, Rostam (and Qaren II after him) became an essentially independent minor ruler.

In about 1074 another branch of the Bavand Dynasy – the Espahbadiyeh – succeeded the Ka'usiyeh, and ruled over Mazandaran and Gilan until 1210.