From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 158 days remaining.
[edit] Events
- 657 - Battle of Siffin.
- 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine emperor Nicephorus I is slain, his heir Stauracius is seriously wounded.
- 1139 - Afonso, then a count, is proclaimed first king of Portugal and declares independence from Castile.
- 1469 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Edgecote Moor - Pitting the forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick against those of King Edward IV.
- 1581 - Plakkaat van Verlatinghe (Oath of Abjuration). The declaration of independence of the northern Low Countries from the Spanish king, Philip II.
- 1775 - The birth of what would later become the United States Post Office Department was established by the Second Continental Congress.
- 1788 - New York ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 11th state of the United States.
- 1803 - The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London.
- 1822 - José de San Martín arrives in Guayaquil, Ecuador, to meet with Simón Bolívar.
- 1847 - Liberia declares independence.
- 1861 - American Civil War: George McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Morgan's Raid ends - At Salineville, Ohio, Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and 360 of his volunteers are captured by Union forces.
- 1878 - In California, the poet and American West outlaw calling himself "Black Bart" makes his last clean getaway when he steals a safe box from a Wells Fargo stagecoach. The empty box will be found later with a taunting poem inside.
- 1887 - L. L. Zamenhof publishes "Dr. Esperanto's International Language".
- 1908 - United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation).
- 1936 - The Axis Powers decide to intervene in the Spanish Civil War.
- 1941 - World War II: In response to the Japanese occupation of French Indo-China, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the seizure of all Japanese assets in the United States.
- 1944 - World War II: Soviet army enters Lviv, major city of western Ukraine, liberating it from the Nazis. Only 300 Jewish survivors left, out of 160.000 Jews in Lviv prior to Nazi occupation.
- 1945 - The Labour Party wins the United Kingdom general election of July 5 by a landslide, removing Winston Churchill from power.
- 1945 - The Potsdam Declaration is signed in Potsdam, Germany.
- 1947 - Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act into United States law creating the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council.
- 1948 - U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs Executive Order 9981 desegregating the military of the United States.
- 1948 - André Marie becomes Prime Minister of France
- 1953 - Fidel Castro leads an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks, thus beginning the Cuban Revolution.
- 1953 - Arizona Governor John Howard Pyle orders a law enforcement crackdown on Short Creek, Arizona, home to a polygamous sect of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
- 1956 - Following the World Bank's decline to fund building the Aswan High Dam, Egyptian leader Gamal Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal sparking international condemnation.
- 1957 - Carlos Castillo Armas, dictator of Guatemala, is assassinated
- 1958 - Explorer program: Explorer 4 is launched.
- 1963 - Syncom 2, the world's first geosynchronous satellite, is launched from Cape Canaveral on a Delta B booster.
Space Shuttle
Discovery STS-114 launch on July 26, 2005.
- 1963 - Earthquake in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia (formerly part of Yugoslavia) - 1100 dead
- 1963 - The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development votes to admit Japan.
[edit] Births
- 1030 - Stanislaus of Szczepanów, St. Stanislaw (d. 1079)
- 1678 - Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1711)
- 1782 - John Field, Irish composer (d. 1837)
- 1791 - Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, composer (d. 1844)
- 1802 - Mariano Arista, President of Mexico (d. 1855)
- 1829 - Auguste Marie Francois Beernaert, Belgian statesman, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1912)
- 1855 - Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (d. 1936)
- 1856 - George Bernard Shaw, Irish writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1950)
- 1865 - Philipp Scheidemann, 1st Chancellors of the Weimar Republic (d. 1939)
- 1874 - Serge Koussevitsky, Russian conductor (d. 1951)
- 1875 - Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1961)
- 1875 - Antonio Machado, Spanish poet (d. 1939)
- 1880 - Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian statesman (d. 1951)
- 1886 - Lars Hanson, Swedish actor (d. 1965)
- 1892 - Sad Sam Jones, baseball player (d. 1966)
- 1894 - Aldous Huxley, English-born author (d. 1963)
- 1895 - Gracie Allen, American actress and comedian (d. 1964)
- 1897 - Paul Gallico, American author (d. 1976)
- 1903 - Estes Kefauver, U.S. Senator from Tennessee (d. 1963)
- 1908 - Salvador Allende, President of Chile (d. 1973)
- 1909 - Vivian Vance, American actress (d. 1979)
- 1914 - Ellis Kinder, baseball player (d. 1968)
- 1920 - Bob Waterfield, American football player (d. 1983)
- 1921 - Jean Shepherd, American writer (d. 1999)
- 1922 - Blake Edwards, American film director
- 1922 - Jason Robards, American actor (d. 2000)
- 1923 - Hoyt Wilhelm, baseball player (d. 2002)
- 1926 - James Best, American actor
- 1928 - Ibn-e-Safi, Pakistani fiction writer and Urdu poet (d. 1980)
- 1928 - Francesco Cossiga, 8th President of the Italian Republic
- 1928 - Stanley Kubrick, American film director (d. 1999)
- 1929 - Alexis Weissenberg, French pianist--born in Bulgaria
- 1931 - Takashi Ono, Japanese gymnast
- 1936 - Mary Millar, British actress (d. 1998)
- 1938 - Bobby Hebb, American musician
- 1939 - John Howard, 25th Prime Minister of Australia
- 1939 - Bob Lilly, American football player
- 1940 - Mary Jo Kopechne, American aide to Robert F. Kennedy (d. 1969)
- 1940 - Tolis Voskopoulos, Greek singer
- 1941 - Brenton Wood, American singer-songwriter
- 1942 - Vladimír Mečiar, Slovak prime minister
- 1943 - Mick Jagger, English musician (The Rolling Stones)
- 1945 - Helen Mirren, English actress
- 1949 - Roger Taylor, English musician (Queen)
- 1949 - Thaksin Shinawatra, ex-Prime Minister of Thailand
- 1950 - Nelinho, Brazilian football player
- 1953 - Robert Phillips, classical guitarist
- 1956 - Dorothy Hamill, American figure skater
- 1957 - Nana Visitor, American actress
- 1959 - Rick Bragg, American writer
- 1959 - Kevin Spacey, American actor
- 1959 - Michael Ross, American serial killer (d. 2005)
- 1961 - Gary Cherone, American musician (Extreme)
- 1961 - Keiko Matsui, Japanese musician and composer
- 1961 - Dimitris Saravakos, Greek footballer
- 1964 - Sandra Bullock, American actress
- 1964 - Danny Woodburn, American actor
- 1965 - Jeremy Piven, American actor
- 1969 - Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer
- 1973 - Kate Beckinsale, British actress
- 1973 - Lenka Šarounová, Czech astronomer
- 1974 - Daniel Negreanu, Canadian poker player
- 1977 - Martin Laursen, Danish footballer
- 1977 - Rebecca St. James, Australian-born singer
- 1978 - Jared Morrison, American actor
- 1979 - Peter Sarno, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1979 - Erik Westrum, American ice hockey player
- 1980 - Dave Baksh, Canadian guitarist (Sum41)
- 1980 - Lee Dong-gun, South Korean actor
- 1983 - Delonte West, American NBA player
- 1983 - Roderick Strong, professional wrestler
- 1985 - Gaël Clichy, French footballer
- 1987 - Miriam McDonald, American actress
- 1988 - Lara Jean Marshall, Australian actress
[edit] Deaths
- 796 - Offa, King of Mercia
- 811 - Nicephorus I, Byzantine Emperor (killed in battle)
- 1380 - Emperor Komyo of Japan (b. 1322)
- 1471 - Pope Paul II (b. 1417)
- 1592 - Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, French soldier (b. 1524)
- 1611 - Horio Yoshiharu, Japanese warlord (b. 1542)
- 1680 - John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English writer (b. 1647)
- 1712 - Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (b. 1631)
- 1723 - Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (b. 1660)
- 1863 - Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas (b. 1793)
- 1867 - King Otto of Greece (b. 1815)
- 1919 - Sir Edward Poynter, British painter (b. 1836)
- 1925 - Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician (b. 1848)
- 1925 - William Jennings Bryan, American politician (b. 1860)
- 1925 - Antonio Ascari, Italian racing driver (b. 1888)
- 1932 - Frederick S. Duesenberg automotive pioneer (b. 1876)
- 1935 - Winsor McCay, American cartoonist (b. 1871)
- 1941 - Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician (b. 1875)
- 1942 - Roberto Arlt, Argentinian writer (b. 1900)
- 1952 - Eva Perón, wife of Argentine President Juan Perón (b. 1919)
- 1953 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician (b. 1883)
- 1960 - Maud Menten, Canadian biochemist (b. 1879)
- 1960 - Cedric Gibbons, American art director (b. 1893)
- 1969 - Frank Loesser, American composer (b. 1910)
- 1971 - Diane Arbus, American photographer (suicide) (b. 1923)
- 1977 - Karac Plant, Robert Plant's son, stomach infection (b. 1972)
- 1980 - Ibn-e-Safi, Pakistani fiction writer and Urdu poet (b. 1928)
- 1984 - George Gallup, American statistician and opinion pollster (b. 1901)
- 1984 - Ed Gein, American serial killer (b. 1906)
- 1986 - Averell Harriman, American diplomat (b. 1891)
- 1988 - Fazlur Rahman, Pakistani scholar (b. 1919)
- 1990 - Brent Mydland, Keyboardist from 1979-1990 for the Grateful Dead (b. 1952)
- 1992 - Mary Wells, American singer (b. 1943)
- 2001 - Peter von Zahn, German journalist (b. 1913)
- 2001 - Rex Barber, American WW II aviator (b. 1917)
- 2005 - Jack Hirshleifer, American economist (b. 1925)
- 2005 - Betty Astell, British actress (b. 1912)
[edit] Holidays and Observances
[edit] Liturgical feasts
Roman Catholicism
- Saint Beatus, confessor (at Trier) [GTZ: Trier]
- Saint Eobanus, (sometimes bishop), martyr [GTZ: Mainz]
- Saint Etherius, bishop of Auxerre, confessor [Sens]
- Saint Exuperius, bishop of Bayeux [Bayeux only]
- Saint Germain=Germanus, bishop of Auxerre
- Saint Hycinthus, martyr [Osnabrück, Utrecht; HCC]
- Saint Jodocus, priest, confessor (Translation) [Amiens]
- Saint Lupus, bishop of Troyes, confessor [Sens only]
- Saint Marcellus, bishop of Paris, confessor (Translation) [Paris]
- Saint Pastor, priest, confessor [Orden]
- Saint Rheticius, bishop of Autun, confessor [Autun]
- Saint Symphronius and companions, martyrs [Meaux, Senlis]
- Saint Anne (mother of St. Mary) [common; MR, with Joachim]
[edit] External links
