From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 173 days remaining.
[edit] Events
- 1302 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch) - a coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's huge knightly army.
- 1346 - Charles IV of Luxembourg elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
- 1405 - Chinese fleet commander Zheng He set sail to explore the world for the first time.
- 1576 - Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.
- 1616 - Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
- 1735 - Mathematical calculations suggest it was on this day that Pluto moved from the ninth to the eighth most distant planet from the Sun for the last time before 1979.
- 1740 - Pogrom: Jews are expelled from Little Russia.
- 1750 - Halifax, Nova Scotia almost completely destroyed by fire.
- 1776 - Captain James Cook begins third voyage.
- 1789 - Jacques Necker dismissed as Finance Minister for France sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
- 1796 - The U.S. takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
- 1798 - The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
- 1804 - Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr kills Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
- 1811 - Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoir about molecular content of gases.
- 1848 - The Waterloo railway station in London opens.
- 1859 - A Tale Of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is published.
- 1864 - Confederate forces attempt an invasion of Washington, D.C.
- 1889 - Tijuana, Mexico was founded
- 1893 - The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kokichi Mikimoto.
- 1895 - The brothers Lumière show film for scientists.
- 1897 - Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to try to reach the North pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
- 1914 - Babe Ruth debuts in Major league baseball.
- 1919 - Eight-hour working day and free Sunday made into law in the Netherlands.
- 1921 - Truce called in the Irish War of Independence; see Irish calendar.
- 1921 - Former US President William Howard Taft sworn in as 10th Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court, becoming the only person to ever be both President and Chief Justice.
- 1921 - Mongolia becomes independent (from China).
- 1936 - Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.
- 1940 - World War II: Vichy France regime formally established. Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1943 - World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily - German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
- 1944 - Franklin D. Roosevelt says he will run for a fourth term as President of the United States.
- 1950 - Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank.
- 1955 - The phrase In God We Trust is added to all US currency.
- 1957 - Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismaili worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III
- 1960 - To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published.
- 1962 - First transatlantic satellite television transmission.
- 1971 - Copper mines in Chile nationalized.
- 1973 - A Brazilian Boeing 707 crashes near Paris on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 people of the 134 on-board.
- 1975 - Chinese archaeologists discover a large burial site with 6,000 clay statutes of warriors from 221 BC.
- 1977 - Martin Luther King is posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom.
- 1978 - A truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists.
- 1979 - The space station Skylab returns to Earth.
- 1983 - A Boeing 727 crashes into hilly terrain after a tail strike in Cuenca, Ecuador, claiming 119 lives.
- 1987 - According to the United Nations, the world population crosses the 5,000,000,000 mark.
- 1991 - A Nationair DC-8 crashed during an emergency landing at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing 261. The Canadian charter was ferrying Hajj pilgrims on behalf of Nigeria Airways.
- 1991 - Total solar eclipse in Hawaii.
- 1995 - Full diplomatic relations are established between the United States and Vietnam.
- 1995 - Srebrenica Genocide: Serb army from Yugoslavia and Bosnia, capture the Bosniak town of Srebrenica. More than eight thousands inhabitants are murdered. It is generally regarded to be the most horrific event in recent European history.
- 1995 - A Cubana de Aviacion Antonov An-24 crashes into the Caribbean off southeast Cuba killing 44 people.
- 1996 - NBA superstar Kobe Bryant is traded from the Charlotte Hornets to the Los Angeles Lakers for Vlade Divac.
- 2003 - Lahore-Delhi bus service resumed after suspension of 18 months.
- 2004 - CIA Director George Tenet leaves his position at the CIA.
- 2006 - 209 people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India.
- 2006 - Microsoft's official support of Windows 98 and Windows Me ends.
[edit] Births
- 1274 - Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland (d. 1329)
- 1366 - Anne of Bohemia, queen of Richard II of England (d. 1394)
- 1561 - Luis de Góngora, Spanish poet (d. 1627)
- 1603 - Kenelm Digby, English privateer (d. 1665)
- 1628 - Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
- 1657 - King Frederick I of Prussia (d. 1713)
- 1662 - Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1726)
- 1723 - Jean-François Marmontel, French historian and writer (d. 1799)
- 1754 - Thomas Bowdler, English physician and censor (d. 1825)
- 1767 - John Quincy Adams, President of the United States (d. 1848)
- 1826 - Alexander Afanasyev, Russian folklorist (d. 1871)
- 1832 - Charilaos Trikoupis, seven times prime-minister of Greece (d. 1896)
- 1846 - Leon Bloy, French writer (d. 1917)
- 1857 - Alfred Binet, French psychologist (d. 1911)
- 1864 - Petar Danov, Bulgarian spiritual teacher (d. 1944)
- 1886 - Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter (d. 1939)
- 1897 - Eugene "Bull" Connor, American sheriff (d. 1973)
- 1899 - E. B. White, American writer (d. 1985)
- 1906 - Herbert Wehner, German politician (d. 1990)
- 1910 - Irene Hervey, American actress (d. 1998)
- 1913 - Cordwainer Smith, American writer (d. 1966)
- 1916 - Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov, Russian physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)
- 1916 - Gough Whitlam, 21st Prime Minister of Australia
- 1920 - Yul Brynner, Russian-born actor (d. 1985)
- 1921 - Ilse Werner, Dutch-born actress
- 1924 - César Lattes, Brazilian physicist (d. 2005)
- 1924 - Brett Somers, Canadian actress
- 1924 - Charlie Tully, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1971)
- 1925 - Nicolai Gedda, Swedish tenor
- 1926 - Frederick Buechner, American author
- 1929 - Hermann Prey, German baritone (d. 1998)
- 1930 - Harold Bloom, American literary critic
- 1931 - Tab Hunter, American actor
- 1931 - Tullio Regge, Italian physicist
- 1933 - Bob McGrath, American actor
- 1934 - Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer
- 1935 - Oliver Napier, Northern Irish politician
- 1937 - Pai Hsien-yung, Taiwanese writer
- 1945 - Patrick Joseph McGrath, Catholic bishop
- 1949 - Liona Boyd, English-born musician
- 1950 - Pervez Hoodbhoy, Pakistani nuclear physicist
- 1950 - Bruce McGill, American actor
- 1950 - J.R. Morgan, British classical scholar
- 1954 - Butch Reed, professional wrestler
- 1956 - Sela Ward, American actress
- 1957 - Peter Murphy, British musician (Bauhaus)
- 1957 - Michael Rose, Jamaican musician (Black Uhuru)
- 1958 - Hugo Sánchez, Mexican footballer
- 1959 - Richie Sambora, American musician (Bon Jovi)
- 1959 - Suzanne Vega, American singer
- 1962 - Pauline McLynn, Irish actress
- 1963 - Al MacInnis, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1963 - Lisa Rinna, American actress
- 1964 - Craig Charles, English actor
- 1965 - Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer
- 1965 - Scott Shriner, American musician (Weezer)
- 1966 - Greg Grunberg, American actor
- 1968 - Esera Tuaolo, American football player
- 1969 - David Tao, Taiwanese singer-songwriter
- 1971 - Brett Hauer, American ice hockey player
- 1972 - Michael Rosenbaum, American actor
- 1973 - Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek athlete
- 1974 - Hermann Hreidarsson, Icelandic footballer
- 1975 - Willie Anderson, American football player
- 1975 - Rubén Baraja, Spanish footballer
- 1975 - Riona Hazuki, Japanese actress
- 1975 - Lil' Kim, American rapper
- 1975 - Samer el Nahhal, Finnish musician (Lordi)
- 1976 - Eduardo Nájera, Mexican-born basketball player
- 1980 - T.J. Wilson, Canadian professional wrestler
- 1981 - Andre Johnson, American football player
- 1982 - Chris Cooley, American football player
- 1982 - Lil' Zane, American rapper
- 1983 - Kelly Poon, Singaporean singer
- 1983 - Marie Serneholt, Swedish musician (A*Teens)
- 1984 - Tanith Belbin, Canadian ice dancer
- 1984 - Hitomi Hyuga, Japanese actress
- 1985 - Aki Maeda, Japanese actress
- 1986 - Yoann Gourcuff, French footballer
- 1986 - Ryan Jarvis, English footballer
- 1989 - David Henrie, American actor
- 1992 - Brian Smith, Future Assassin
[edit] Deaths
- 472 - Anthemius, Emperor of the Western Roman Empire
- 937 - King Rudolph II of Burgundy
- 969 - Olga of Kiev
- 1174 - King Amalric I of Jerusalem (b. 1136)
- 1302 - Robert II of Artois, French soldier (b. 1250)
- 1535 - Elector Joachim I of Brandenburg (b. 1484)
- 1581 - Peder Skram, Danish senator and naval hero
- 1665 - Kenelm Digby, English privateer (b. 1603)
- 1679 - William Chamberlayne, English poet (b. 1619)
- 1688 - King Narai of Siam (b. 1629)
- 1766 - Elizabeth Farnese, wife of Philip V of Spain (b. 1692)
- 1774 - Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Irish-born New York pioneer
- 1775 - Simon Boerum, American Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
- 1797 - Ienăchiţă Văcărescu, Wallachian writer (b. 1740)
- 1804 - Alexander Hamilton, United States Secretary of the Treasury (duel) (b. 1757)
- 1806 - James Smith, American signer of the Declaration of Indpendence
- 1825 - Thomas P. Grosvenor, American Revolutionary War soldier (b. 1744)
- 1844 - Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (b. 1800)
- 1909 - Simon Newcomb, American astronomer and mathematician (b. 1835)
- 1920 - Empress Eugénie de Montijo of France (b. 1826)
- 1937 - George Gershwin, American composer (b. 1898)
- 1959 - Charlie Parker, English cricketer (b. 1882)
- 1966 - Delmore Schwartz, American poet (b. 1913)
- 1971 - John W. Campbell, American writer and editor (b. 1910)
- 1971 - Pedro Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1940)
- 1974 - Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
- 1983 - Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer (b. 1915)
- 1987 - Avi Ran, Israeli footballer (b. 1963)
- 1989 - Sir Laurence Olivier, English stage and screen actor (b. 1907)
- 1994 - Gary Kildall, American computer programmer (b. 1942)
- 1994 - Savannah American actress (b. 1970
- 1999 - Helen Forrest, American singer (b. 1917)
- 2000 - Pedro Mir, Dominican poet (b. 1913)
- 2000 - Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1921)
- 2001 - Herman Brood, Dutch singer and artist (suicide) (b. 1946)
- 2004 - Laurance Rockefeller, American conservationist and philanthropist (b. 1910)
- 2005 - Gretchen Franklin, English actress (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Frances Langford, American actress and singer (b. 1914)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
