Julio Cézar Ribeiro Vaugham

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Julio Cézar Ribeiro Vaughan (1845-1890) was the son of George Washington Vaughan and the great-grandson of Samuel Vaughan, a personal friend of George Washington. A mantelpiece in Mount Vernon Plantation House was a gift of his to Washington. Known as Julio Ribeiro, he was a writer and a grammarian. His best known book is A Carne (The Flesh).

He was married to Belisária Pinheiro Ribeiro and had a daughter called Maria Julia Pinheiro Ribeiro. He was also the creator of the flag of the state of São Paulo, in Brazil, conceived in 1888 to be the flag of the Republic and adopted by the state of São Paulo instead.

His descendants include the writers Elsie Lessa, Ivan Lessa, Sergio Pinheiro Lopes and Juliana Foster. He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.