John Saris
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John Saris (c. 1580-1643) was the captain of the first English voyage to Japan, in 1613, on board The Clove. As chief factor of the British East India Company's trading post in Java, Saris' mission was primarily one of seeking trade.
(Note that while the more famous William Adams was the first Englishman in Japan, he was the pilot of a Dutch ship.)
Saris received much aid from Adams, who had become the shogun's advisor on foreign affairs. As result, Saris was able to meet with the retired shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and his son, the acting Shogun Hidetada. The shogun promised Saris extensive trade benefits for the English, and suggested, along with Adams, the port of Uraga as a strategic point of access to Edo Bay. But Saris decided to place the English trade factory in Hirado, in Kyūshū, Japan's southernmost island.
In 1613, Saris left Japan for England, never to return to the Far East. He left Richard Cocks in charge of the Hirado operation, which failed, due in large part to the extensive influence and power of the Dutch, who had already been established in Kyūshū for some time. English efforts to develop a trade relationship with China at this time failed as well, and so the Hirado factory was abandoned ten years later, in 1623.
Saris essentially fell in disgrace upon his return to Britain when he showed around a collection of erotical Japanese paintings (shunga) he had gathered during his stay in Japan.
Saris' journals were published in 1900, as The Voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613, edited by Ernest M. Satow.
[edit] References
- Elison, George (1985). "Saris, John." Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.
- "The Voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613", edited by Sir Ernest M. Satow, ISBN 1-135-38300-6
