John R. Wiegand

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John R. Wiegand discovered the Wiegand effect, a physical phenomenon in which a specially constructed Wiegand wire can detect small magnetic fields. The Wiegand wire is commonly used as a sensor to read security access cards. There is also a Wiegand Protocol commonly used to transmit the data collected by a Wiegand sensor in a card reader.

[edit] Reference

United States Patent 4247601

United States Patent 4263523

United States Patent 4484090

United States Patent 4309628