John Norris (Royal Navy officer)

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Portair by George Knapton cirka 1735.

Sir John Norris (1670 or 1671 – 13 or 14 June 1749) was a British admiral of the 17th and 18th centuries, who served as Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Navy under George II.

In May 1699 he married Elizabeth Aylmer, daughter of Admiral Matthew Aylmer, which greatly aided his distinguished career. He was knighted in 1705 and made admiral in 1709. He was a Member of Parliament from 1708 until his death.

Norris, whose nickname was "foul-weather Jack", saw a good deal of service during the War of the Spanish Succession under William III and Anne. Under George I he was sent several times with a fleet into the Baltic Sea to forward the king's policy by giving the northern nations some idea of the strength of England.

In 1715 he was sent with a fleet to the Baltic Sea, officially to protect the English merchandise, but in reality to pressure Sweden on account of Hannover, where George I was Elector. He fraternized in Reval with the Russians and got on friendly terms with tsar Peter, who offered him command of the Russian navy. However, in October that year he returned to England. In May 1716 he was again sent to Nordic waters with orders to prevent a possible Swedish attempt by Jacobite interests to conquer Scotland. After some hassles and various meetings with Danish, Russian and other ships, he set sail back again in November that year.

In 1717 he again negotiated with tsar Peter, now in Amsterdam, but without results. To the Baltic Sea he returned in 1718 with minor troops.

After the death of King Charles XII of Sweden, negotiations between George I and Sweden were initiated, and John Norris was now commissioned to prevent Russian ravages on Sweden's east coast. By the time he got there, however, the Russians had already set back home, and Norris returned to England again.

He was sent on some further expeditions with the purpose of holding the Russians off Sweden's back, the last one in 1727.

In 1734 he became Admiral of the Fleet and commander-in-chief.

In 1739, Norris was one of many founding governors for a new charitable ventures in London, the Foundling Hospital, which sought to lessen the capital's problem of child abandonment.

In 1744 he retired from the navy.

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Edward Southwell Phillips Gybbon	Member for Rye with Phillips Gybbon 1708–1722	Succeeded by Phillips Gybbon The Lord Aylmer
Preceded by Sir Edward Ernle, Bt Sir Charles Wager	Member for Portsmouth with Sir Charles Wager 1722–1734	Succeeded by Thomas Lewis Philip Cavendish
Preceded by Phillips Gybbon Matthew Norris	Member for Rye with Phillips Gybbon 1734–1749	Succeeded by Phillips Gybbon Thomas Pelham
Honorary Titles
Preceded by The Earl of Berkeley	Vice-Admiral of Great Britain 1736–1749	Succeeded by The Lord Anson

[edit] References

[1] This article contains content from the Owl Edition of Nordisk familjebok, a Swedish encyclopedia published between 1904–1926 now in Public Domain.
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.