Job Training Partnership Act of 1982
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The Job Training Partnership Act of 1982 (Pub.L. 97-300, 29 U.S.C. ยง 1501, et seq.) is a United States federal law passed October 13, 1982. The law was repealed by the Workforce Investment Act of 1998.
[edit] Purpose
The law was enacted to establish federal assistance programs to prepare youth and unskilled adults for entry into the labor force and to provide job training to economically disadvantaged and other individuals facing serious barriers to employment.
In order to carry out its purpose, the law authorized appropriations for fiscal year 1983 and for each succeeding fiscal year to carry out adult and youth programs, federally administered programs, summer youth employment and training programs, and employment and training assistance for dislocated workers.
[edit] Provisions
The purpose of this act is delineated into five main programs requiring federal funding.
[edit] Adult and Youth Programs
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- Provides for an education for employment program to maintain networks of learning centers offering individualized instruction in convenient locations and preparing students to meet State and local general education diploma and basic education competency requirements.
- Provides for a pre-employment skills training program for youth aged 14 through 21, with priority given to those who do not meet established academic achievement levels and who plan to enter the full-time labor market upon leaving school.
- Provides for an entry employment experience program for youth who meet certain requirements.
- Provides for a school-to-work transition assistance program for high school seniors with an economic disadvantage and dropouts.
[edit] Federally Administered Programs
The law provides for seven types of federally administered programs.
[edit] Employment and Training Programs for Native Americans and Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers
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- Set forth provisions for Native American employment and training programs.
- Directs the Secretary to take appropriate action to establish administrative procedures and machinery (including personnel having particular competence in this field) for the selection, administration, monitoring, and evaluation of Native American employment and training programs, and of migrant and seasonal employment and training programs, under this Act.
- Set forth provisions for migrant and seasonal farmworker employment and training programs. Requires that the public agencies and private nonprofit organizations carrying out program services have a previously demonstrated capability to administer effectively a diversified employability development program for migrant and seasonal farmworkers.
- Directs the Secretary to consult with appropriate State and local officials in administering national farmworker programs.
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[edit] Job Corps
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- Maintains a Job Corps for economically disadvantaged youth to operate exclusively as a distinct national program.
- Authorizes the Secretary to make payments to individuals and organizations for the cost of candidate recruitment, screening and selection.
- Authorizes the Secretary to arrange for advanced career training programs for selected Corps members for a period of up to one additional year of Corps participation. Permits such programs to be provided by postsecondary institutions or by businesses and labor unions.
- Authorizes the Secretary to provide Corps enrollees with allowances and support.
- Directs the Secretary to disseminate information from Job Corps program experience which may help related programs.
- Authorizes the Secretary to arrange with the Secretary of Defense for pilot projects at Job Corps centers to prepare youth to qualify for military service.
- Authorizes the Secretary to undertake pilot projects using community-based organizations of demonstrated effectiveness for Job Corps center operation.
- Authorizes the Secretary to accept charitable donations on behalf of the Job Corps.
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[edit] Veterans' Employment Programs
[edit] National Activities
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- Requires that specified funds be used to provide services authorized under all titles of this Act for employment and training programs that are most appropriately administered from the national level.
- Directs the Secretary to establish a comprehensive program of employment and training research and a program of experimental, developmental, and demonstration projects.
- Authorizes the Secretary to fund pilot projects to help eliminate artificial and other employment barriers faced by persons requiring special assistance.
- Directs the Secretary, in consultation with appropriate officials, to provide personnel training and appropriate technical assistance (including technical assistance to training programs for housing for migrant and seasonal farmworkers) for programs under this Act.
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[edit] Labor Market Information
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- Directs the Secretary to set aside, from sums available to the Department of Labor for any fiscal year (including sums available for this title), amounts necessary to maintain a comprehensive labor market information system on a national, regional, State, local or other appropriate basis. Requires such information to be made publicly available in a timely fashion.
- Directs the Secretary to develop and maintain for the Nation, State, and local areas, current employment data by occupation and industry, based on the occupational employment statistics program, including selected sample surveys, and projections by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of employment and openings by occupation.
- Directs the Secretary to maintain descriptions of job duties, training, and education requirements, working conditions, and characteristics of occupations.
- Authorizes the Secretary to develop: (1) data for an annual statistical measure of labor market related economic hardship; and (2) household budget data. Directs the ::*Secretary to publish, at least annually, a report relating labor force status to earnings and income.
- Directs the Secretary to develop and maintain: (1) statistical data relating to permanent lay-offs and plant closings; and (2) publish a report based on such data as soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year
- Authorizes the Secretary to establish and carry out a nationwide computerized job bank and matching program, including the development of an occupational information file.
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[edit] National Commission for Employment Policy
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- Directs the Secretary to reserve $2,000,000 of the appropriations for this title for each fiscal year to fund the National Commission on Employment Policy. Establishes the Commission and sets forth provisions for its membership, reducing the number of members to 15 and providing for their appointment by the President. Requires that: (1) one of the members be a representative of the National Advisory Council on Vocational Education; and (2) the membership be generally representative of significant segments of the labor force, including women and minority groups. Raises to five the number of additional professional personnel that the Chairman of the Commission may appoint without regard to specified civil service provisions.
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[edit] Training to Fulfill Affirmative Action Obligations
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- Permits contractors to establish or participate in training programs for eligible individuals which are designed to assist such contractors in meeting specified affirmative action obligations. Sets forth requirements for such training programs. Directs the Director of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs to promulgate regulations for affirmative action compliance review of such training programs. Permits such contractors to maintain an abbreviated written affirmative action program. Provides that successful performance or operation of such a training program shall create a presumption that a good faith effort to meet affirmative action obligations has been made.
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[edit] Summer Youth Employment and Training Programs
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- Allocates appropriations to specified territories and to the States for summer youth programs.
- Permits funds available under this title to be used for employment or job training activities designed for employment or employment preparation and placement and supportive services for program participation and employment retention.
- Requires that programs under this title be conducted during the summer months.
- Makes economically disadvantaged persons under the age of 22 eligible for such programs, but permits economically disadvantaged individuals aged 14 or 15 to be eligible, if appropriate and set forth in the job training plan.
[edit] Employment and Training Assistance for Dislocated Workers
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- Authorizes the Secretary to reserve up to 25 percent of the appropriations for this title for use by States which apply for assistance to provide training, retraining, job search assistance, placement, relocation assistance, and other aid (including specified authorized activities) to individuals who are affected by mass layoffs, natural disasters, federal government actions (such as relocation of Federal facilities) or reside in areas of high unemployment or designated enterprise zones.
- Authorizes States to establish procedures to identify substantial groups of eligible individuals who: (1) have been terminated or laid-off or have received notice of termination or layoff, are eligible for or have exhausted entitlement to unemployment compensation, and are unlikely to return to their previous industry or occupation; (2) have been terminated, or have received termination notice, due to permanent closure of a plant or facility; or (3) are long-term unemployed and have limited opportunities for employment or reemployment in the same or similar occupation in their area of residence (including older individuals with substantial barriers to employment by reason of age).
- Requires full consultation with a labor organization before the establishment any assistance program funded under this title which will provide services to a substantial number of members of such labor organization.
- Requires States to submit to the Secretary a plan for use of assistance under this title, including provisions for coordination of programs, low-income weatherization and other energy conservation programs, and social services.
[edit] Repeal
This Act was repealed by title I, Sec. 199(b)(2) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998. Some of the provisions were adjusted for the new Act and some were dropped.
[edit] See also
The Northern California Indian Development Council operated a job training program under the JTPA, and continues it under the Workforce Investment Act of 1998.
