Jingshan
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Jingshan Hill (Chinese: 景山; pinyin: Jǐngshān; literally "Prospect Hill") is an artificial hill in Beijing, China. It is located in Xicheng District, immediately north of the Forbidden City on the central axis of Beijing. Originally an imperial garden, it is now a public park, known as Jingshan Park (景山公园).
The 45.7-metre high artificial hill was constructed in the Yongle era of the Ming Dynasty entirely from the soil excavated in forming the moats of the Imperial Palace and nearby canals. It is especially impressive when one considers that all of this material was moved only by manual labor and animal power.
According to the dictates of Feng Shui, it is favorable to site a residence to the south of a nearby hill (and it is also practical, gaining protection from chilly northern winds). The imperial palaces in both of the other capitals of the Ming dynasty were situated to the south of a hill. When the capital was moved to Beijing, no such hill existed at this location, so one was constructed. It is popularly known as "Feng Shui Hill". It is also known as Coal Hill, a direct translation of its old popular Chinese name (Chinese: 煤山; pinyin: Méishān).
The last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen, committed suicide by hanging himself here in 1644.
[edit] Relationship with the Forbidden City
Jingshan hill is separated from the Forbidden City by the palace moat. However, until 1928 the park sat directly by the moat and was accessible on the south side only from the Forbidden City via the Gate of Divine Might. In 1928, a new road (New Jinghshan St) was built to the north of the palace moat. This fully separated Jingshan Hill from the Forbidden City. The Gate of Divine Might became the front door of the Palace Museum, and the front gate of Jingshan Park now stood to the north of the new road.
The street addresses of both the Forbidden City and Jingshan Park are on New Jingshan St.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Jingshan Park 30 high quality photographs
| Imperial City (Beijing) | |
|---|---|
| Gates | Zhonghuamen · Tiananmen · Di'anmen · Donganmen · Xi'anmen |
| Forbidden City |
Meridian Gate · Gate of Supreme Harmony · Hall of Supreme Harmony · Palace of Heavenly Purity · Gate of Divine Might |
| Gardens | Zhongnanhai · Beihai Park · Jingshan Park |
| Other structures | Bell and Drum Towers |
 |
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