Javanese script
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Java | ||
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Type: | Abugida | |
Languages: | Javanese language | |
Time period: | c.900-1900s | |
Parent writing systems: | Proto-Canaanite alphabet Phoenician alphabet Aramaic alphabet Brahmi alphabet Pallava Old Kawi Java |
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Sister writing systems: | Balinese Batak Baybayin Buhid Hanunó'o Rejang Tagbanwa |
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ISO 15924 code: | Java | |
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. |
History of the Alphabet |
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Middle Bronze Age 19–15th c. BC
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Meroitic 3rd c. BC |
Hangul 1443 |
Zhuyin 1913 |
Complete genealogy |
The Javanese script natively known as Carakan (Tjarakan) is the script originally used to write Javanese. It is an abugida script consisting of 20 main consonants with an inherent vowel "a" (normally pronounced as open back rounded vowel when reciting the consonants).
The twenty consonants are:
ha, na, ca, ra, ka
da, ta, sa, wa, la
pa, dha, ja, ya, nya
ma, ga, ba, tha, nga
Contents |
[edit] Meaning Behind Javanese Script
The script itself is a poem, whose line-by-line translation is as follows:
There (were/was) warriors
(They) had animosity (among each other)
(They were) equally powerful (in fight)
Both (were) dead.
in detail:
hana/ana = there were/was
caraka = warrior (actually, 'one who loyal to and being trusted by someone')
data = have/has
sawala = difference (regarding a matter)
padha = same, equal
jayanya = 'their power', 'jaya' could mean 'glory' as well
maga = 'both'
bathanga = 'be a dead body' = 'die', since 'bathang' = corpse
[edit] Further reading
There are very few items available in English about Javanese script; however, the following give some introduction:
- Gallop, Annabel Teh. Golden letters: writing traditions of Indonesia = Surat emas: budaya tulis di Indonesia (with Bernard Arps). London: British Library; Jakarta: Yayasan Lontar, c1991. ISBN 9798083067
- Pigeaud, Theodore G. Th. Javanese and Balinese manuscripts and some codices written in related idioms spoken in Java and Bali: descriptive catalogue, with examples of Javanese script, introductory chapters, a general index of names and subjects Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1975. ISBN 3515019642
[edit] See also
- Folk etymology relevant to Javanese etymology
- Balinese script, a very similar script used in the neighbouring island of Bali
[edit] External links
- Hanacaraka Font & Resources (in Indonesian)
- Entry on Javanese at Omniglot.com -- A guide to writing systems