James MacLaren (architect)
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- For the Quebec settler and entrepreneur, see James Maclaren
James Marjoribanks MacLaren (12 January 1853 - 20 October 1890) was a Scottish architect associated with the Arts and Crafts movement and the development of Scottish Vernacular architecture. He was a major influence on Charles Rennie Mackintosh, and designed buildings in London, the Canary Islands, Stirling and Fortingall in Perthshire.
MacLaren was the sixth of 11 children of John MacLaren, a farmer at Middleton of Boquhapple, Thornhill, Callander and his first wife Janet Downie. MacLaren was educated at the village school and at Stirling High School. In about 1868 he moved to join his three elder brothers in Glasgow and was articled to Salmon Son & Ritchie. In 1875, he moved to London, joined the Architectural Association and began work as an assistant to Richard Coad - who recommended MacLaren to the Royal Academy Schools in January 1876.
During 1878, he was in the office of the Surveyor of Public Buildings for the County of Surrey.
During the early 1880s, he lived at 40 Montpelier Square, London, with his brother Thomas, also an architect.[1]
In 1884, MacLaren went into partnership with Coad, but also began to develop his own practice, which he eventually established as an independent venture in late 1887 at 21 King William Street, London, having just won a competition to design Stirling High School and the patronage of Sir Donald Currie MP. That year, he was also commissioned to design a hotel for the Canary Islands Company at Las Palmas, a stopping place for Currie's Castle route, but in the following winter he caught a severe chill which brought on early symptoms of tuberculosis, a disease of which the MacLarens had a family history.
In various projects for Currie, he developed a strong architectural style that influenced Charles Rennie Mackintosh's designs for Windyhill (Kilmacolm) and the Hill House. His pupils included Sir Robert Lorimer. However, he fell ill, aged 37, and died in October 1890, being buried in Hampstead.
[edit] Projects
- two large houses in Grangemouth (1877)
- artist's house (for sculptor HR Pinkes), 22 and 22A Avonmore Road in Fulham, south-west London (1888-1889)[2]
- Ledbury Park, Herefordshire
- Stirling High School (1887-1890 - this building, in Spittal Street, is now the Stirling Highland Hotel)
- buildings in Glenlyon estate, Perthshire
- Fortingall Hotel, Perthshire
[edit] References
- Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Basic Biographical Details; accessed 20 February 2007
- ^ 'Montpelier Square Area: Other Streets', Survey of London: volume 45: Knightsbridge (2000), pp. 116-24. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=45922. Date accessed: 12 February 2007.
- ^ Olympia and Avonmore Character profile, London Borough of Hammersmith & Fulham
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